Josef Filbig

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Josef Filbig (born November 2, 1891 in Maßbach , Lower Franconia ; † October 3, 1963 in Guernsey ) was a local politician of the NSDAP and Lord Mayor of the city of Amberg .

Life

Born as the eldest son of nine children of a head switch attendant, Filbig initially aspired to a career as a teacher. In the First World War he participated first as an infantryman , later as an aviator and was seriously injured in a plane crash. In 1919 he became a member of the right-wing extremist Freikorps Epp . Filbig had been a member of the Corps Makaria Munich since 1920 .

From 1920 Filbig worked again in the school service and in 1923 published his work on investigations into the resolution of number ideas in children . Together with Eduard Klug , he founded a local group of the defense movement “Reichsflagge” in 1922 , but switched to the “ Old Reichsflagge” that had split off from it . In 1924 he went to the "Völkischer Block", on whose list he ran for the state parliament and the Reichstag . He was one of the leading figures of the NSDAP locally, of which he became the local group leader in Amberg in 1931. On August 3, 1933, at a city council meeting in which only NSDAP city councilors took part, the previous mayor Eduard Klug - who had already been on leave in March of this year - was finally removed and Filbig was unanimously elected honorary mayor. In this capacity he had the city's 900th anniversary celebrated in 1934. In the same year he had the carnival association “Narrhalla” founded “to promote cheerfulness”. Filbig became full-time mayor in 1936 and held this office until 1939. He implemented the official policies of the Nazi regime without compromise. It is known that he spoke to the SA men on the occasion of the November pogroms in 1938 , who later destroyed the interior of the Amberg synagogue . He had many followers, even after the end of the Nazi regime.

At the beginning of the war in 1939, Filbig was reactivated as an officer in the Air Force and from then on was only formally Lord Mayor of Amberg. Filbig was u. a. deployed as the airfield commander of Litzmannstadt ( Łódź ) and flew 190 enemy flights in the front. In Amberg, the legally qualified 1st Mayor Sebastian Regulator acted as his representative , who handed the city over to the US Army on April 23, 1945 without a fight. With the end of the Nazi regime, as its governor Filbig was active, Filbig was removed from office by the American military government. With the democratic new beginning, his successor was the union secretary Christian Endemann (SPD).

Bitter about the fact that he did not receive a pension for his activities as a teacher or mayor, Filbig ran again in 1952 for the right-wing German Community (DG) in the local elections and, after a bitter election campaign, was democratic in a runoff election with 64% of the votes Mayor of Amberg elected. He held this office until April 30, 1958. During this second term in office, he mainly campaigned for housing construction to alleviate the great housing shortage.

Filbig died in Guernsey in 1963 while visiting war graves.

literature

  • Dieter Dörner: Jews in Amberg - Jews in Bavaria . Bodner, Pressath 2003, ISBN 3-937117-01-6 .
  • Dieter Dörner: Jews in Amberg - decline and new beginning . Bodner, Pressath 2006, ISBN 3-937117-41-5 .
  • Maximilian Erras: The regulation of the pension entitlement of municipal Nazi electoral officials in the post-war period: An analysis using the example of the Mayor of Amberg, Josef Filbig . Kovač, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-8300-5109-1 .
  • Norbert Flach: Forensics. Amberg and the district under the swastika. 2nd Edition. VAS, Frankfurt 1993, ISBN 3-88864-052-0 .
  • Hannelore Fleißer: Amberg in the Weimar Republic and in the Third Reich. In: Karl-Otto Ambronn, Achim Fuchs, Heinrich Wanderwitz (eds.): Amberg 1034–1984. From a thousand years of city history. Exhibition catalog. Amberg 1984, ISBN 3-924707-00-6 .
  • Günther Rambach: Swastika and Martinskirche. Fateful years in the Upper Palatinate 1933-1959 . Ensdorf 2010, ISBN 978-3-00-031635-7 .
  • Günther Rambach: The 50s in Amberg and the Upper Palatinate. Politics. Military. Everyday life. Ironworks. Ensdorf 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-042884-5 .
  • Richard Utz: Medievalism: A Manifesto . Bradford: ARC Humanities Press, 2017 (Chapter 3: Residual Medievalisms in Eastern Bavaria). ISBN 978-1-942401-02-5 .
  • Franz F. Winter: The lost eagles. A documentation of the German fighter pilots . Universitas, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-8004-1137-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1996, 88 , 570
personal data
SURNAME Filbig, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION National Socialist local politician
DATE OF BIRTH November 2, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Maßbach , Lower Franconia
DATE OF DEATH 3rd October 1963
Place of death guernsey