Josef Trischler

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Josef Trischler (born March 20, 1903 in Boróc ( German  Obrowatz ), Kingdom of Hungary , Austria-Hungary ; † December 18, 1975 ) was a member of the parliaments of Yugoslavia and Hungary before 1945 as a representative of the respective German minority . After the Second World War he was a German politician, first of the Free Democratic Party , then of the Christian Democratic Union . He was a member of the German Bundestag from 1949 to 1953 .

Life

Trischler attended elementary school in his place of birth in Batschka , then the German department of the state secondary school in Žombolj (German Hatzfeld ). After graduating from high school in 1923, he studied at the Technical University of Munich and in 1929 received the title “Dipl.-Ing. in chemistry “(graduate farmer), in 1930 he received his doctorate. techn. In 1932 he was a professor at the "Private German Teacher Training Institute" in Zrenjanin (German Großbetschkerek ), and after its relocation in 1933 in Vrbas (German Neuwerbass ). Around 1932 he belonged here with Josef Janko and Adam Krämer , among others, to the circle of renewers , a radical opposition within the Swabian-German Cultural Association , which increasingly oriented itself towards National Socialism . From 1941 to 1945 he worked as an economic officer for the German ethnic group of Batschka. He was the association president of the German cooperatives in Yugoslavia. As a representative of the German minority, he initially failed in the elections to the parliament of Yugoslavia , but was able to move in as a successor from 1939 to 1941.

After the Balkan campaign (1941) , the Kingdom of Hungary took over parts of the Batschka, as a result of which the now tightly organized regional “ Volksdeutsche ” of the Kulturbund were politically absorbed in their Hungarian counterpart, the Volksbund der Deutschen in Ungarn (VDU). The former representatives of the Serbian assembly Skupština Trischler, Franz Hamm and Sepp Spreitzer were now appointed to the Hungarian Parament from 1942 to 1945 at the suggestion of the ethnic group leadership. During their time as a Hungarian member of the Reichstag, a hand grenade attack was carried out on these three German-born members in 1943, but it failed. The perpetrator, an SS man on home leave who felt himself betrayed , had blamed the MPs for calling up “ethnic Germans” to join the Waffen SS . In connection with the Holocaust , Trischler called in parliament with Eduard Keintzel, Erich Szegedi and Franz Hamm in June and July 1944 "to involve the German ethnic group in the distribution of Jewish property".

After the Second World War, Trischler had to flee to Germany as a displaced person and came to Bavaria . He was a member of the German Bundestag in its first legislative period from 1949 to 1953. He was elected via the state list of the FDP in Bavaria , but later joined the CDU . In the Bundestag, Trischler campaigned primarily for the rights of German-speaking expellees from areas that did not belong to the German Reich .

Together with Rudolf Wagner and Heinrich Reitinger, he was a member of the Presidium of the Council of Southeast Germans , founded in 1951 , which represents nine country teams in Southeast Europe. He was a full member of the Committee on Reconstruction and Housing and the Committee on Displaced Persons. In the 1950s, Trischler was a board member of the Danube Swabian country team . The Trischler Foundation of the regional self-government of the Hungarian Germans with its seat in Budapest is named after him.

rating

Heike Amos came to the opinion that Trischler was a prominent person within the German minority in Yugoslavia and Hungary, but never " ethnic group leader ". Presumably he was also not involved in paramilitary activities. "Contemporary witnesses called him politically an opportunist, but not a National Socialist."

Michael Schwartz , Michael Buddrus , Martin Holler and Alexander Post said that Trischler's non-membership in the NSDAP was based solely on his non-membership of the German Reich. Trischler would clearly have been a Nazi sympathizer and would have based his political career from 1938 onwards from the support of Nazi diplomacy and Nazi foreign organizations. Logically, at the end of his political career in Hungary in 1944/45, he would have belonged to a group of representatives in the Hungarian Reichstag that had openly been declared National Socialist. Trischler would have easily joined the NSDAP if he had been able to do so in Yugoslavia or Hungary.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Heike Amos: Associations of Displaced Persons in the Crosshairs: Activities of the GDR State Security 1949 to 1989. Series of the quarterly books for contemporary history, special issue. Oldenbourg Verlag, 2011. ISBN 3-486-71334-5 , p. 165.
  2. ^ Johann Böhm : The German ethnic group in Yugoslavia 1918-1941: domestic and foreign policy as symptoms of the relationship between the German minority and the Yugoslav government. Verlag Peter Lang, 2009, ISBN 3-631-59557-3 , p. 200
  3. ^ Thomas Casagrande: The Volksdeutsche SS Division "Prinz Eugen": the Banat Swabians and the National Socialists War Crimes Campus Verlag, 2003. ISBN 3-593-37234-7 , p. 136
  4. ↑ Friedrich Facius , Gerhard Granier, Josef Henke, Klaus Oldenhage: The Federal Archives and its Holdings, Issues 10-12. Bundesarchiv, Oldenbourg Verlag, 1977. ISBN 3-7646-1688-1 , p. 471
  5. ↑ a b Michael Schwartz, Michael Buddrus , Martin Holler, Alexander Post: Functionaries with a past: the founding board of the Federal Association of Expellees and the "Third Reich". Oldenbourg Verlag, 2013. ISBN 3-486-71626-3 , p. 289
  6. ^ Norbert Spannenberger: The People's League of Germans in Hungary 1938–1944 under Horthy and Hitler. Federal Institute for Culture and History of Germans in Eastern Europe. Oldenbourg Verlag, 2005. ISBN 3-486-57728-X , p. 289
  7. ^ Anton Scherer : Josef Trischler . In: East German Biography (Kulturportal West-Ost)
  8. ^ Political weekly reports from Southeastern Europe, BA R 63/348/268, 271, 272. In: Gerhard Seewann : History of the Germans in Hungary, Volume 2: 1860 to 2006. Herder Institute, Marburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-87969 -374-0 , p. 294.
  9. ↑ a b H.W. Schoenberg: Germans from the East: A Study of Their Migration, Resettlement and Subsequent Group History, Since 1945. Studies in Social Life. Verlag Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. ISBN 94-010-3245-9 , p. 110.
personal data
SURNAME Trischler, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (FDP), Member of the Bundestag
DATE OF BIRTH March 20, 1903
PLACE OF BIRTH Boróc , Kingdom of Hungary , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH 18th December 1975