Franz Hamm

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Franz Hamm (born March 18, 1900 in Verbász , German  Neuwerbaß , Kingdom of Hungary , Austria-Hungary ; † August 5, 1988 in Bad Bodendorf , Germany ) was a member of the parliaments in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the Kingdom of Hungary as well as an association function of various organizations there and in Germany .

Life

Franz Hamm was the son of a craftsman in Verbász, where he attended high school. He studied in Belgrade , at the "University for World Trade" in Vienna , in Heidelberg and economics at the University of Commerce in Mannheim .

After his return to Batschka , he first worked in the agricultural cooperative system, then as a journalist for the “Deutsches Volksblatt” in Novi Sad (German: Neusatz ), then as editor of the magazine “Volkswart” published by the Swabian-German Cultural Association , which from 1938 “ People and homeland ”called. He held numerous offices, for example he was presidential member of the Yugoslav Press Association in Belgrade, secular chairman of the Evangelical Church Community in Novi Sad and secular regional church president of the German Evangelical Church in Yugoslavia, chairman of the Association of German Academic Meetings with Serbian Cultural Organizations, and employee of Serbian and Hungarian magazines. As a politician, he took on tasks in the city council of Novi Sad and as a county council and from 1938 as a member of parliament in the Skupština in Belgrade.

As a convinced Nazi within the Renewal Movement Hamm was 1939, the existing line and "takeover" German Swabian-cultural Association (u at Hamm. A. With after the elimination Jakob Awender , Josef Trischler and Hans Moser was involved), under Sepp Janko with Josef Beer from the Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle (VoMi) approved, appointed to the leadership of the Yugoslav German minority and appointed political leader and liaison to the Yugoslav government.

After the defeat of Yugoslavia in 1941 , the Kingdom of Hungary captured parts of the Batschka and the Branau , whereby the now tightly organized regional “ Volksdeutsche ” of the Kulturbund were politically absorbed in their Hungarian counterpart, the Volksbund der Deutschen in Ungarn (VDU). The former representatives of the Serbian assembly Skupština Hamm, Josef Trischler and Sepp Spreitzer were now appointed to the Hungarian parliament from 1942 to 1945 at the suggestion of the ethnic group leadership. At the request of Heinrich Himmler and Joachim Ribbentrop , Hamm was appointed "Leader of the National Socialist German MPs in the Hungarian Reichstag". In connection with the Holocaust , Hamm together with Eduard Keintzel, Erich Szegedi and Josef Trischler raised the demand in June and July 1944 that “the German ethnic group should participate in the distribution of Jewish property”. In the areas mentioned Hamm also exercised the function of secular president of the German Evangelical Church, which was also divided in the former Yugoslavia. The Hungarian " ethnic group leader " Franz Anton Basch appointed him as the official administrator of the VDU as the liaison of the "ethnic group leadership " of the Germans in Hungary to the fascist Hungarian head of state, the leader of the Arrow Cross Ferenc Szálasi , until spring 1945 in the western Hungarian town of Sopron ( Ödenburg in German ).

After the Second World War , Hamm came to Austria , where he dedicated himself to looking after treks and refugees in the Evangelical Parish Office in Salzburg . As head of the auxiliary committee for the "German Evangelical Church in Yugoslavia", he continued this activity in Stuttgart . Hamm joined the CDU , for which he ran unsuccessfully in the Bundestag election in 1949 on the Württemberg-Baden state list and in the Bundestag constituency of Ludwigsburg . The state parliament of Württemberg-Baden elected him in 1949 as a member of the first federal assembly , which elected Theodor Heuss as the first federal president . From 1949 to 1958 he held the office of Federal Chairman of the Landsmannschaft der Landsmannschaft der Germans from Yugoslavia , after which he received the Federal Honorary Chairman of the Landsmannschaft. In the role of federal chairman, he worked on the charter of German expellees dated August 5, 1950 in Stuttgart. From 1950 to 1965 Hamm was a consultant at the Federal Ministry for displaced persons, refugees and war victims in Bonn. He was a co-founder of the United East German Landsmannschaften (VOL, later VDL), Vice President of the "East German Cultural Council" in 1950, member of the advisory board of the East German Cultural Council Foundation , member of the Eastern Church Committee, and from 1950 to 1966 chairman of the "Convention of the Dispersed Protestant Eastern Churches". Hamm was the founder, editor and administrator of the church journal “Der Bote”.

In September 1949 he co-founded the “Südostdeutsche Kulturwerk” in Munich with Fritz Valjavec (former NSDAP member and SS officer) and other former National Socialists , of which he was chairman for 25 years.

Franz Hamm's estate is in the Institute for Danube Swabian History and Regional Studies in Tübingen.

Publications

  • The grammar school in Neuwerbass . Publishing house of the Südostdeutschen Kulturwerk, Munich 1960.
  • With the Danube Swabians in the USA. Donauschwäbischer Verlag, Salzburg 1952.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Franz Hamm . In: East German Biography (Kulturportal West-Ost)
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Immo Eberl , Konrad G. Gündisch: Die Donauschwaben. Ministry of the Interior Baden-Württemberg, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 1987. Chapter 7: Franz Hamm (1900–1988), Church President of the Batschka and German parliamentarian in Belgrade and Budapest.
  3. ^ Mathias Beer: Das Heimatbuch: history, methodology, effect. V&R unipress GmbH, 2010. ISBN 3-89971-788-0 , p. 148.
  4. ^ A b c d e Johann Böhm : The German ethnic groups in the independent state of Croatia and in the Serbian Banat: their relationship to the Third Reich 1941–1944. Peter Lang, 2012. ISBN 3-631-63323-8 , p. 14.
  5. ^ Felix Ermacora Institute , Bartolomej Eiben: Europe and the future of the German minorities: with contributions on the situation of the German minorities in the countries of East Central and Southeast Europe. Felix Ermacora Institute, Research Center for the Peoples of the Danube Monarchy, 2001. P. 69.
  6. ^ Heike Amos: Associations of Displaced Persons in the Crosshairs: Activities of the GDR State Security 1949 to 1989. Series of the quarterly books for contemporary history, special issue. Oldenbourg Verlag, 2011. ISBN 3-486-71334-5 , p. 165.
  7. ^ Norbert Spannenberger: The People's League of Germans in Hungary 1938–1944 under Horthy and Hitler. Federal Institute for Culture and History of Germans in Eastern Europe. Oldenbourg Verlag, 2005. ISBN 3-486-57728-X , p. 289.
  8. ^ Political weekly reports from Southeastern Europe, BA R 63/348/268, 271, 272. In: Gerhard Seewann : History of the Germans in Hungary, Volume 2: 1860 to 2006. Herder Institute, Marburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-87969 -374-0 , p. 294.
  9. ↑ GND 1065642776
personal data
SURNAME Hamm, Franz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German member of the parliaments in the kingdoms of Yugoslavia and Hungary, as well as association function of various organizations there and in Germany
DATE OF BIRTH March 18, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Verbász , Kingdom of Hungary , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH 5th August 1988
Place of death Bad Bodendorf , Germany