Julius Klingebiel

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South wing of the Festes Haus in Göttingen with the Klingebiel cell (marked in yellow) as the 9th cell from the left on the upper floor

Julius Klingebiel (* 11. December 1904 in Hannover ; † 26. May 1965 in Goettingen ) was a mentally ill German artist who in since 1939 mental hospitals housed was. From 1951 to 1961, he painted his cell in the custody of the Lower Saxony State Hospital in Göttingen. His painting can be assigned to Art brut .

Life

Julius Klingebiel was the son of a postman. After an apprenticeship as a locksmith, he served in the Wehrmacht in Hanover and was a member of the SA . He married in 1935. In 1939 he fell ill with psychosis . After he had strangled his stepson in the dispute and also threatened his wife, he was admitted by the police on October 3, 1939 according to the law at the time as a "publicly dangerous mentally ill " to the mental hospital of the city of Hanover and on October 28, 1939 to the provincial and Wunstorf sanatorium relocated. He was attested to having paranoid schizophrenia . He was forcibly sterilized on July 26, 1940 under the National Socialist Inheritance Health Act . On August 9, 1940, he was brought to the custody house of the state sanatorium and nursing home in Göttingen-Rosdorf. Although he had been reported to be schizophrenic and incurable in the T4 campaign on October 10, 1940 , he survived the Nazi killing campaigns under the directorate of Gottfried Ewald in Göttingen. After 1951 he remained locked in the repository. Even in the post-war period , his closed accommodation was not judicially approved, contrary to applicable law. He died on May 26, 1965 in Göttingen.

plant

Nothing is known about Klingebiel's previous artistic training. In his cell, he began to scribble on the walls around 1951. Because it made him calmer, he was given colors. Until 1963 he created large-format landscapes with animal motifs, people and small political and historical symbols in a complex total work of art, which he repeatedly painted over. He also painted individual pictures on paper, of which 18 works are known to date. The head of the Prinzhorn Collection in Heidelberg, Thomas Röske, characterizes the cell painting as a solitary work of Outsider Art . Siegfried Neuenhausen described Klingebiel as an “artist colleague”. Since 2007, today's “Feste Haus” on the site of the Asklepios Specialist Clinic in Göttingen has belonged to the Moringen Prison Center. In 2012 the cell, but not the building, was listed as a historical monument . It is not open to the public. Experts rate the interior decoration as a work of art of international importance and demand that it be preserved in terms of monument preservation and made public on a permanent basis. Implementation and presentation in a major museum is the right way to do this. The Lower Saxony state government had received an offer from the Sprengel Museum in Hanover since 2014 . In 2015, the city of Göttingen requested that the cell be left in Göttingen. The building has been vacant since mid-April 2016. According to experts, painting threatens to deteriorate. The preservation of the listed room decoration is the responsibility and competence of the Lower Saxony state authorities. In 2018, Gabriele Andretta (SPD) , member of the Göttingen state parliament, asked the state government of Lower Saxony how to deal with the Klingebiel cell.

reception

A first photo installation of the room decoration was shown in 2002 in the Lower Saxony State Hospital in Göttingen. It was presented to a wider public together with individual images in Hanover in 2010 in the KUBUS municipal gallery . Klingebiel's biography and work were researched under the direction of the psychiatrist Andreas Spengler and documented in a book publication by Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht in 2013 with an image catalog. Thomas Röske and Siegfried Neuenhausen worked as authors . A new photographic installation with the restoration of destroyed parts of the image was presented on August 13, 2013 in the Asklepios specialist clinic in Göttingen. The Lower Saxony Prime Minister Stephen Weil qualified the cell in his address as a monument and memorial. The room installation was shown in 2013 as part of an international photo festival in the Prinzhorn Collection in Heidelberg and was on view in November 2014 in the Kleisthaus of the Federal Government Commissioner for the Issues of Disabled People in Berlin, who published a catalog on this. From March 18, 2015 to October 11, 2015, the exhibition was in the internationally known Museum Gugging near Vienna, and from October 27, 2015 to January 4, 2016 in the Sprengelmuseum Hannover. On June 14, 2015, NDR television first broadcast the scenic documentary “Outbreak into art: Julius Klingebiel's cell”. The art - the art magazine dedicated a detailed report to Julius Klingebiel in July 2015. Further exhibitions were shown in 2016 and 2017 in Bremen and Frankfurt / M. In addition to the room installation, also newly discovered original paintings by Klingebiel. In 2016, an exhibition compiled by Andreas Spengler was presented in the Stadtkirche Wunstorf , at which works by other psychiatric artists, including Elfriede Lohse-Wächtler , were shown. A report followed in 2017 in Raw Vision , 2018 in Rivista Osservatorio Outsider Art , Palermo.

literature

  • Rainer Wehse: Popular world of images from visual tradition. Wall paintings of a schizophrenic. In: Folk Art. 7, 1984, p. 2, pp. 20-23.
  • Andreas Spengler , Siegfried Neuenhausen , Lothar Schlieckau, Cultural Office of the City of Hanover (ed.): Elementary forces - Creation and work of artists with experience in psychiatry for over 100 years. Psychiatrie-Verlag, Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-88414-599-9 .
  • Thomas Röske : Paintings in the repository. The work of Julius Klingebiel. In: C. Wolters et al. (Ed.): Deviation and normality. Psychiatry in Germany from the German Empire to German Unity . Transcript, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 978-3-8376-2140-2 .
  • Andreas Spengler , Manfred Koller, Dirk Hesse (eds.): The Klingebiel cell. Life and artistic creation of a psychiatric patient . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-525-30043-5 .
  • Federal Government Commissioner for the Issues of Disabled People (Ed.): Outbreak in the Art. Julius Klingebiel. Cell No. 117 (catalog with short texts in Braille ) . Self-published, Berlin 2014.
  • Eckart Rüsch, Kerstin Klein: The Klingebiel cell in the Festes Haus Göttingen - preliminary report on a prison cell as a cultural monument . In: Reports on the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony . No. 4 , 2014, p. 163-166 .
  • Forum Stadtkirche Wunstorf (Hrsg.): FreiheitsRäume. Julius Klingebiel and his fellow artists. Catalog for the exhibition in the Stadtkirche Wunstorf from September 18 to October 9, 2016.
  • Andreas Spengler , Thomas Röske : Art behind Bars. Raw Vision 93: 2017, 34-39.
  • Thomas Röske : La Cella Dipinta Di Julius Klingebiel. Rivista Osservatorio Outsider Art No. 16, Autunno 2018, 80–96.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Julius Klingebiel - with the gaze of an artist colleague experienced in prisons and psychiatric hospitals. In: A. Spengler et al. (Ed.): The Klingebiel cell. Göttingen 2013.
  2. ^ Johanna Di Blasi: From the inside In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung. October 16, 2014.
  3. ↑ Klingebiel cell in the Sprengel Museum Hannover in: Göttinger Tageblatt
  4. ↑ Klingebiel cell could come to Hanover. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung. February 23, 2015.
  5. ↑ Whole room a work of art: future of the "Klingelbiel cell" uncertain. ( Memento of the original from February 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: sat1 regional. February 24, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sat1regional.de
  6. ↑ Britta Bielefeld: Klingebiel cell topic in the state parliament in Göttinger Tageblatt of January 11, 2018
  7. ^ Outbreak into art ( Memento from June 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ Sandra Danicke: ZELLE-117 ( Memento of the original from October 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in: art DAS KUNSTMAGAZIN. July 2015, pp. 78–83. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.art-magazin.de
  9. ↑ Jan-Paul Koopmann: Critique of the Week - Art instead of Kick [1] in: taz.de on August 6, 2016
  10. ↑ Klingebiel cell in Wunstorf, replicated at ndr.de on September 14, 2016
  11. ↑ Catalog: Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated November 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.forum-stadtkirche.de
  12. ↑ Reports on the preservation of monuments 2014/4
personal data
SURNAME Klingebiel, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German artist of the Art Brut
DATE OF BIRTH December 11, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH May 26, 1965
Place of death Goettingen