Julius Neßler

Julius Neßler (born June 6, 1827 in Kehl , † March 19, 1905 in Durlach ) was a German agricultural chemist .

Live and act

Neßler, the son of a pastry chef , initially worked as a pharmacist's assistant for almost ten years . From 1853 he studied pharmacy at the University of Freiburg / Breisgau , where since 1853 he was a member of the Teutonia Freiburg fraternity . In 1856 he was employed as an assistant at the chemical laboratory at Carl Knies with the dissertation on a new reagent for ammonia and free fixed alkaline earths, on the behavior of iodine mercury to ammonia and on the behavior of iodine mercury and the mercury compounds in general to ammonia and a new one Reaction to ammonia. PhD he first described the Nessler reagent, later named after him, for the detection of ammonia in this work.

After receiving his doctorate, Neßler worked for a few months as an assistant to the chemists Lambert Heinrich von Babo and Robert Wilhelm Bunsen , and from 1857 as a chemist in a chemical factory near Karlsruhe. In cooperation with the Grand Ducal Central Office for Agriculture in Karlsruhe, Neßler founded an agricultural test station in Karlsruhe in 1859, which was taken over by the state in 1863 as the "agricultural-chemical test station". In 1870 Neßler was appointed director of this research station. This station, which has been known as the “Agricultural-Chemical Research Institute Karlsruhe” since 1890, was successfully managed by Neßler until his retirement in 1901 and earned it a high reputation that went far beyond the state borders of Baden.

Neßler's primary research interest was wine . Much of his experimental work on the care, fertilization and diseases of wine, published in specialist journals, is of fundamental importance. He published several, repeatedly published books on the cultivation of this crop, on the production and storage of wine, and on the methods of wine analysis. He has also published noteworthy articles on tobacco . It was a particular concern for him to present the results of scientific research to farmers in a generally understandable way. Two textbooks he wrote for agricultural schools and for self-teaching also served this goal.

Julius Neßler was a member of the Second Chamber of the Baden Estates Assembly for the National Liberal Party from 1871 to 1874 . He obtained this state parliament mandate in the electoral district of the Karlsruhe office. In addition, he was a city councilor and member of the local health council for many years.

Honors

Neßler has received many awards for his services to agriculture. In 1870 he received the title of professor, in 1879 he was appointed court counselor and in 1889 privy councilor. He was also a holder of high orders and an honorary member in leading agricultural associations, since 1901 also in the German Viticulture Association. Other honors were:

• 1871: Commander 1st class of the Order of the Zähringer Löwen , with oak leaves since 1986,
• 1873: Austrian Order of Franz Josef ,
• 1901: Order of Berthold the First .

Major works

• The wine, its constituents and its treatment, together with an appendix on fertilization of the vines and methods of investigation of the wines . Karlsruhe 1865; 2nd ed., 1866; 3rd ed., 1878; 4th ed., 1885; 5th ed., 1889; 6th edition, 1894, 7th edition, 1898 (different titles and different publishing locations).
• Tobacco, its constituents and its treatment . Publisher Schneider Mannheim 1867.
• The treatment of wine, in particular the prevention and elimination of wine diseases in four public lectures . Verlag Eugen Ulmer Stuttgart 1872; 2nd ed., 1873; 3rd ed., 1878; from 4th edition, 1885 under the title The preparation, care and examination of wine especially for winemakers, wine dealers and landlords; 5th ed., 1889; 6th ed., 1894; 7th ed., 1898; (8th edition, 1908; 9th edition, 1930).
• Scientific guide for farmers and gardeners. Prepared for use in agriculture schools and for self-teaching . Parey publishing house, Berlin 1880; 2nd ed., 1888; 3rd edition, 1896.
• Fertilizer apprenticeship for agricultural and rural training schools, as well as for self-teaching . Konkordia Bühl Publishing House 1897.

literature

• Johannes Behrens : Julius Neßler †. In: The agricultural test stations, Vol. 62, 1905, pp. 241-259 (with list of publications).
• Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 4: M-Q. Winter, Heidelberg 2000, ISBN 3-8253-1118-X , pp. 190-191.
• Felix Mach : Julius Neßler . In: Badische Biographien Tl. 6, 1935, pp. 551–554 (with a selection of his writings).
• Friedel Timmermann, Sigrid Holtmannspötter:  Neßler, Julius. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , p. 75 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Hans Riehm (Ed.): 90 years. 1859-1949. Development and operation of the bathroom. State Agricultural experimental and research institute Augustenberg . Augustenberg 1950 (with picture).

Web links

• Tanja Lidy, Axel Helmstädter: Julius Neßler (1827–1905) as a pharmacist, wine analyst and viticulture expert. (PDF; 7.5 MB) Institute for the History of Pharmacy at the Philipps University of Marburg , May 23, 2012, accessed on February 22, 2014 . 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Julius Neßler: About the behavior of iodine mercury and mercury compounds in general to ammonia and about a new reaction to ammonia . University book printer of H. M. Poppen, Freiburg i. Br. 1856 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
2. ^ Alexander Zahoransky: PhD and exam examinations. (PDF; 2.3 MB) 1771–1877. University archive of the Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg i. Br., June 7, 2010, p. 496 , accessed February 22, 2014 .