Jura (Scotland)

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Jura (Diùra)
Jura satellite image
Jura satellite image
Waters Atlantic Ocean
Archipelago Inner Hebrides
Geographical location 55 ° 59 ′  N , 5 ° 54 ′  W Coordinates: 55 ° 59 ′  N , 5 ° 54 ′  W
Location of Jura (Diùra)
length 44.5 km
width 12 km
surface 366.92 km²
Highest elevation Beinn an Òir
785  m
Residents 196 (2011)
<1 inh / km²
main place Craighouse
The Paps of Jura
The Paps of Jura

Jura [ ˈdʒʊərə ], ( Scottish Gaelic Diùra , English Isle of Jura ), is an island in the Inner Hebrides in Scotland . Jura is northeast of the larger island of Islay and is part of the Argyll and Bute Council Area . Their main town is Craighouse .

Surname

The name comes from Old Norse and means "deer island". There are over 5,500 red deer on the island  .

geography

With an area of ​​around 367 km², Jura is slightly more than half the size of Islay, but with only around 196 inhabitants (as of 2011) it is considerably less populated. The island is geographically divided into two halves by the deep bay of Loch Tarbert.

Other localities besides the main town Craighouse include Ardfernal , Ardlussa , Ardmenish , Inverlussa , Keils , Kinuachdrachd , Knockrome , Lagg , Leargybreck and Tarbert .

The dads

The Paps of Jura are a mountain formation consisting of three quartzite peaks. They are located in the southern half of the island and determine the silhouette of the Jura through their conical shape. The highest mountain is the 785 meter high Beinn Oir (German "Goldberg"). The Beinn Shiantaidh (Holy Mountain) is 755 meters high and lies east of the Beinn Oir , while the 734 meters high Beinn a 'Chaolais ("Mountain on the Sound") is southwest. Cora Bheinn ("Steep Mountain") with a height of 569 meters is located northeast of Beinn Shiantaidh , but like other small knolls is not part of the group of three. On a clear day, the "Paps" can be seen more than 100 kilometers away.

Corryvreckan swirl

Whirlpool of Corryvreckan

North of the island, in the Strait of Corryvreckan to Scarba Island , is the Corryvreckan Whirlpool, one of the largest natural whirlpools on earth. It is considered difficult to navigate and was the undoing of many people and animals.

traffic

Jura can only be reached via Islay with a small ferry that heads for the Feolin pier on Islay Sound on the west coast. The main town on the island is Craighouse. There you will find the Isle of Jura whiskey distillery and the only hotel on the island.

History, historical monuments

Camas to Staca

The oldest traces of settlement on the island and in all of Scotland date back to the Mesolithic , the phase after the last Ice Age and before agriculture began. The traces of human activity at Glenbattrick could be dated to around 8030 BC. To be dated.

Kilearnadil Cemetery
  • Kilearnadil , in a valley near Keils, is the cemetery with the oldest tombstones on the island.
  • There are a number of presumably Iron Age forts, including An Dunan on Lowlandsman's Bay on the east side of the island. Here perhaps was a dry dock of the Vikings .
  • The Clyde Tomb Cladh Chlainn Iain is located on the south coast of Jura.

Others

Orwell's Barnhill House in the Jura
  • From the spring of 1947 until his death in 1950, George Orwell lived with his adopted son Richard at the Barnhill farmhouse in Jura owned by his publisher David Astor of the Observer to work on his 1984 novel , which he wrote from 1947 to 1948, which was his last Work was. Previously, his wife, Eileen Orwell, died during routine surgery and his house was destroyed by a V1 ( Retribution Weapon 1). He described the island as "an extremely inaccessible place".
  • The island served twice as a backdrop for the British music group The KLF . In 1991 she shot the short film The Rites Of Mu there and in 1994 the controversial film Watch The K Foundation Burn A Million Quid , in which she burned a million British pounds in front of the camera.
  • The island's attractions are part of a murder hunt in Gordon Tire's crime novel Death Current . Three Glaswegian contract killers seek refuge in Jura, but get in the way of a billionaire's plans to use the island for an exclusive golf club.

Web links

Commons : Jura  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census data
  2. ^ Bill Finlayson, Kevin J. Edwards: The Mesolithic. In: Kevin J. Edwards, Ian Ralston (Eds.): Scotland After the Ice Age. Environment, Archeology and History, 8000 BC - AD 1000. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 2003, ISBN 0-7486-1736-1 , pp. 109-126, here p. 115 (reprinted ibid 2005).
  3. ↑ Entry at canmore.org.uk (English), accessed on May 17, 2020
  4. ^ [1] To Dunan
  5. ^ Robert McCrum: The masterpiece that killed George Orwell. The Guardian, May 10, 2009, accessed January 25, 2017 .
  6. ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2019/jun/08/tour-george-orwell-jura-scottish-island-wrote-1984 , accessed on May 18, 2020
  7. ↑ Caroline Roux: On Location: The Isle Of Jura. In: The Guardian Online , August 12, 2006.
  8. ↑ Gordon Tyrie: death flow. Droemer, Munich 2018, ISBN 9-783 426306505.