Yuri Zolakowitsch Oganesjan

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Yuri Oganesjan

Juri Zolakowitsch Oganesjan ( Russian Юрий Цолакович Оганесян , scientific transliteration Jurij Colakovič Oganesjan ; born April 14, 1933 in Rostov-on-Don ) is a Russian nuclear physicist . He is Scientific Director of the Flerow Laboratory for Nuclear Reactions (FLNR) at the United Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna . From 1989 to 1996 he was director of the FLNR. He was instrumental in the discovery of the chemical element Oganesson named after him .

Life

Oganesjan studied nuclear physics at the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute ( MEPhI ) from 1951 to 1956 and then began his scientific career at the Moscow Kurchatov Institute , where he worked in the laboratory for nuclear reactions from 1958. In 1962 he was promoted to candidate in science . In 1970 he obtained the Soviet academic degree of doctor corresponding to a habilitation . Alongside Georgi N. Fljorow, he was already significantly involved in the work from 1965 that led to the discovery of the short-lived elements with ordinal numbers of 102 and higher.

Oganesjan is now considered one of the leading scientists in the field of heavy ion research . In addition to the synthesis and description of the heavy elements, his work focuses on the development of ion accelerators and methods for researching reactions in nuclear fission, radioactive ion radiation and the radiation of charged particles. He also conducts basic research on the application of the findings in modern technological processes, for example in medicine.

He developed new ideas for the production of the elements 102 to 118 and implemented them successfully in the discovery of the elements rutherfordium , dubnium , seaborgium , Bohrium , Nihonium , Flerovium and Livermorium . The discovery of these elements can often not be clearly attributed to his research group, but what is essential is the creation of the theoretical basis. International cooperation, especially with the institutes in Berkeley and Livermore , CERN in Geneva and GSI in Darmstadt , also contributed to his success .

The element with the ordinal number 118 was last detected by his research group in October 2006. In 2016, the participating research groups proposed the name Oganesson (symbol Og) for this element at the IUPAC and officially awarded it by the IUPAC on November 30, 2016. Oganesjan is only the second person after Glenn T. Seaborg after whom an element was named during his lifetime.

Juri Oganesjan has published more than 300 publications.

He is on the Scientific Advisory Board of GANIL and RIKEN .

Honors and memberships (selection)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Oganessian's life data on the institute's website. In: flerovlab.jinr.ru. Retrieved June 9, 2016 .
  2. Flerov Lab
  3. Article on Oganezjan’s 60th birthday (Russian; PDF; 283 kB)
  4. a b CERN Courier: Faces and Places - EPS introduces new Lise Meitner prize (English)
  5. IUPAC is naming the four new elements nihonium, Moscovian, antenna sine, and oganesson. In: IUPAC | International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Retrieved June 8, 2016, June 9, 2016 (American English).
  6. ^ IUPAC: IUPAC announces the names of the elements 113, 115, 117 and 118 , November 30, 2016, accessed November 30, 2016.
  7. ^ Members of the PAU - Department III: Science and Technology. Polska Akademia Umiejętności, accessed June 13, 2017 (Polish).