Nihonium

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properties
General
Name , symbol , atomic number Nihonium, Nh, 113
Element category
Group , period , block 13 , 7 , p
CAS number 54084-70-7
Atomic
Atomic mass (Estimate) 287 u
Electron configuration [ Rn ] 5 f 14 6 d 10 7 s 2 7 p 1
1. Ionization energy 705 kJ / mol
Physically
Isotopes
isotope NH t 1/2 ZA ZE (M eV ) ZP
283 Nh {syn.} 100 ms α 10.6 279 Rg
284 Nh {syn.} 0.48 s α 10.3 280 Rg
For other isotopes see list of isotopes
Hazard and safety information
Radioactive
Radioactive
GHS hazard labeling
no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used.
Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Nihonium is an artificially produced chemical element with the element symbol Nh and the atomic number 113. In the periodic table it is in the 13th  IUPAC group and thus belongs to the boron group .

History and synthesis

In the summer of 2003, American and Russian scientists are said to have produced Nihonium in a particle accelerator at the United Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna by bombarding americium ( 243 Am) with the element calcium ( 48 Ca).

On January 31, 2006 it was announced that Swiss researchers were able to produce 15 Moscovium atoms using a refined method by bombarding a disk made of americium with calcium atoms . They identified these by their decay product Dubnium . The decay series also includes the element Nihonium, so that this could also be detected.

In August 2012, Japanese researchers reported that they had succeeded in producing the isotope 278 Nh. A chain of six consecutive α-decays has been identified. Together with other results from 2004 and 2007, this result proves the clear production and identification of the isotope 278 Nh.

Naming

Kosuke Morita and Hiroshi Matsumoto
( municipality Fukuoka , Fukuoka Prefecture , December 1, 2016)

After the discovery, the element was initially given the systematic name Ununtrium (chemical symbol Uut ), a formation of the Latin unum for 'one' and the Latin tria for 'three', corresponding to the atomic number 113. It was also known as Eka -Thallium , composed of Sanskrit एक eka for 'one' and thallium , with reference to its classification in the periodic table 'one place below thallium'. On December 30, 2015, the discovery of element 113 was officially recognized by the IUPAC and the Japanese RIKEN was granted the right to name it. It is the first element that was allowed to be officially named in Asia. On June 8, 2016, Nihonium (symbol Nh) with reference to Nihon ( Japan ) was proposed as the name for the element; the objection period ended on November 8, 2016. On November 30, 2016, the final naming was published.

safety instructions

There is no classification according to the CLP regulation or other regulations, because only a few atoms of this element can be produced at the same time and thus too few for chemical or physical danger.

Web links

Commons : Nihonium  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Nihonium  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry on nihonium at WebElements, https://www.webelements.com , accessed on June 13, 2020.
  2. ↑ The hazards emanating from radioactivity do not belong to the properties to be classified according to the GHS labeling. With regard to other hazards, this element has either not yet been classified or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
  3. ^ Anne Stark: Livermore scientists team with Russia to discover elements 113 and 115. Press release of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory . In: innovations report. IDEA TV Gesellschaft für kommunikative Unternehmensbetreuung mbH, February 3, 2004, accessed on August 16, 2018 (English).
  4. ↑ Beat Gerber: Two super-heavy elements discovered. Press release from the Paul Scherrer Institute . In: idw-online.de. Science Information Service , January 31, 2006, accessed on August 16, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Kōsuke Morita et al .: New Result in the Production and Decay of an Isotope, 278 113, of the 113th Element . In: Journal of the Physical Society of Japan . tape 81 , no. 10 , October 2012, p. 103201 , doi : 10.1143 / JPSJ.81.103201 , arxiv : 1209.6431 (English).
  6. ↑ Ephraim Eliav, Uzi Kaldor, Yasuyuki Ishikawa, Michael Seth, Pekka Pyykkö: Calculated energy levels of thallium and eka-thallium (element 113) . In: Physical Review A . tape 53 , no. 6 , June 1996, p. 3926–3933 , doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevA.53.3926 (English, freely available online through researchgate.net ).
  7. ^ Discovery and Assignment of Elements with Atomic Numbers 113, 115, 117 and 118. In: IUPAC | International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry . December 30, 2015, accessed August 16, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Periodic table's seventh row finally filled as four new elements are added. In: The Guardian . January 4, 2016, accessed August 16, 2018.
  9. ↑ IUPAC is naming the four new elements nihonium, Moscovian, antenna sine, and oganesson. In: IUPAC | International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry . June 8, 2016, accessed August 16, 2018 .
  10. ^ IUPAC Announces the Names of the Elements 113, 115, 117, and 118. In: IUPAC | International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry . November 30, 2016, accessed August 15, 2018 .