Köbes

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Köbes in the Cologne brewery early after work (2010)

A waiter who serves beer in breweries in Cologne , Bonn , Düsseldorf or Krefeld has been known as Köbes [ køːbəs ] since around the 19th century . Traditionally he always wears a blue linen apron with a leather wallet.

origin

"Köbes" is the Cologne form of Jakob and is also represented in other dialects in the Rhineland, but is occasionally also used with the connotation "stubborn, angular or square person".

Participants in the Cologne congress held in March 1987 as a pilgrimage destination and meeting point for the pilgrims who sat together in the Brauhaus Sion after the end of the conference developed a theory that had been circulating as a legend and Cologne story for decades. The origin of the term can be found in the pilgrimage to the grave of St. James in Santiago de Compostela, Spain . Returning or passing pilgrims had so much to tell about their trip in the inns that they were finally employed by the hosts. This interpretation was included in the relevant literature in 2003 by the non-fiction authors Franz Mathar and Karl-Heinz Schrörs. Due to other sources, this derivation is neither geographically nor temporally sustainable; more likely is an origin from the connotation of the word or from a specific person.

Occur

The Köbes and its way of serving are part of the typical Rhenish brewery culture. When a beer glass is empty, the Köbes places a new glass without an order, unless the guest puts a beer mat on the glass or signals that he wants to pay. The often rough nature of the Köbesse is attributed to the brewery servants, who were not trained in visitor-friendly gastronomy and who also had to serve in the taproom:

“Everything was different in Cologne. [...] You don't order a Kölsch in a brewery, you get it. Nor is the Köbes a waiter, but a brewery assistant whose pride precludes carrying beer to the table. Provided that Cologne residents stick to the rules, which is seldom the case, they do so in anticipation of the associated exception, one of which says that, in the end, Köbesse carry beer to the table because they are entrepreneurs and therefore not waiters. [...] You have to believe in a Köbes like in Providence or the Archangel Gabriel. Then everything will be fine."

variants

The counterpart to the Köbes is the Zappes , the tap waiter who pours the beer from the barrel to the Köbes or occasionally directly to guests. The function of the zap can be carried out alternately by the Köbessen. Since Köbesse, like other catering employees, live to a not inconsiderable part from tips , they often share the permanent zappes with their income.

The Köbes used to be an apprentice in a brewery. During the day he helped with brewing, in the evening he served in the taproom. While his job there was limited to filling the beer glasses, he was also referred to as "Zappjung" (tap boy).

Today there are also occasional women who serve in typical Köbes clothing and are sometimes referred to as Köbine.

places

Traditional Köbesse can still be found today in:

The Köbes as namesake

The Köbes is the associative namesake for a large number of terms. In Cologne and the surrounding area, a few dozen inns are called “Zum Köbes” or similar, as well as at least one carnival society. In addition, the house band of the Cologne Stunksitzung is called Köbes Underground . Köbes is also the name of a Cologne herb bitters .

The Institute for German Language and Literature II of the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Cologne publishes the "Cologne Contributions to Language Didactics" under the abbreviation KöBeS.

literature

Web links

Wiktionary: Köbes  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Footnotes

Remarks

  1. ↑ For example from the advertising agency of the Gaffel brewery in a press release ( memento from December 9, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed on December 9, 2011 via Wayback Machine )
  2. ↑ See e.g. For example: Archived copy ( memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , http://www.zum-koebes-ahr.de/ u. v. a. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zum-koebes.de
  3. ↑ See: http://www.kg-koebes.de/

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Volume 2, page 68 on the left in Adam Wrede : Neuer Kölnischer Sprachschatz . 3 volumes with 1168 pages. Greven Verlag Cologne. 12th edition, 1999. ISBN 3-7743-0243-X
  2. ↑ a b Peter Honnen : “All chocolates? - Words and word stories from the Rhineland ”, Greven Verlag , Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-7743-0418-5 , page 127
  3. ^ Rhenish dictionary . On behalf of the Prussian Academy of Sciences , the Society for Rhenish History and the Provincial Association of the Rhine Province on the basis of the collection started by Johannes Franck and supported by all circles of the Rhenish people, edited and edited by Josef Müller, Heinrich Dittmaier, Rudolf Schützeichel and Mattias Zender. 9 volumes. Bonn / Berlin 1928-1971. Volume IV (K), column 31, under the keyword “Kobes, Köbes” - can be accessed online at woerterbuchnetz.de .
  4. ↑ Herbert Simon (ed.): Cologne as a pilgrimage destination and meeting point for the pilgrims of St. James . International meeting of European associations Founded in honor of the Apostle James the Elder, Santioago de Compostela, March 13-15, 1987. Sankt-Jakobusbruderschaft Düsseldorf eV, Düsseldorf 1987 (without ISBN).
  5. ↑ page 132 in Franz Matthar and KH Schrörs: Kölsch story . The history of the Cologne brewing industry. Cologne 2003
  6. ^ Frank Schätzing, Keine Angst , Munich 2007, p. 228 f.
  7. ^ Adam Wrede : Neuer Kölnischer Sprachschatz , Volume 3, 12th edition. Greven Verlag , Cologne 1999, ISBN 3-7743-0243-X . P. 303
  8. ↑ Cologne Contributions to Language Didactics ( Memento of the original from September 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . At becker-mrotzek.phil-fak.uni-koeln.de, accessed on August 31, 2016 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / becker-mrotzek.phil-fak.uni-koeln.de