Bayenthal
 district 201 of Cologne |
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| Coordinates | 50 ° 54 '44 " N , 6 ° 58' 3" E |
| surface | 1.28 km² |
| Residents | 9947 (December 31, 2017) |
| Population density | 7771 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | Apr 1, 1888 |
| Post Code | 50968 |
| prefix | 0221 |
| Borough | Rodenkirchen (2) |
| Transport links | |
| Federal road |
 
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| Light rail lines | 16 17th |
| Bus routes | 106 130 132 133 134 |
| Source: 2017 residents . (PDF) Cologne district information | |
The Bayenthal district is located in the south of Cologne and belongs to the Rodenkirchen district .
location
The Bayenthal district borders the Rhine in the east, Marienburg in the south, Raderberg in the west and, with the railway line to Cologne's southern bridge, in the north on Neustadt-Süd . On the right bank of the Rhine is Poll .
history
Bayenthal was first mentioned in 1307. As recently as 1830, the town belonging to the mayor's office of Rondorf consisted of three houses and a lime kiln. In 1856 Gustav von Mevissen and H. Martin Goltstein established the Kölnische Maschinenbau-AG on the site between Alteburger, Tacitus- and Goltsteinstraße to an industrial location . Workers' houses were built on Alteburger Strasse, some of which are still preserved.
It was incorporated into Cologne in 1888. Bayenthal was one of the first districts of Cologne to be connected to the city center by horse-drawn tram. The line was electrified after the turn of the 20th century. Bayenthal has been part of the Cologne-Rodenkirchen district since 1975.
In 1863 a church was built on the corner of Goltsteinstrasse and Bonifazstrasse according to plans by the Cologne architect Vincenz Statz . It was demolished in 1904 after the parish church of St. Matthias was built on Mathiaskirchplatz, which has now grown to 4,000 souls , and offers space for 1,600 believers. The architect was Theodor Kremer . Pastor Franz Ludwig Maybaum also initiated the construction of the St. Antonius Hospital and the rectory by the church. During the Second World War, the church was badly damaged in air raids on May 31, 1942 and July 4, 1943, and also when the Americans marched into Bayenthal in March 1945 and German artillery shot at it from the right bank of the Rhine. After the war, architect Dominikus Böhm designed a heavily modified church interior from the rubble, which was inaugurated in July 1952. The cross behind the main altar designed by Böhm, which initially only showed stylized cross nails, was given a corpus by Hermann Josef Baum in 1984 .
Demographic statistics
Structure of the population of Cologne-Bayenthal:
- Share of under 18s: 15.3% (2014)
- Proportion of over 64-year-olds: 17.5% (2014)
- Proportion of foreigners: 14.3% (2015)
- Unemployment rate: 6.2% (2014)
Economy and Infrastructure
Left Bayenthal belt with Bismarck tower on the banks of the Rhine, to the right of it Palais Oppenheim (built 1906-08), above that BAMAG factory premises, on the right side of the picture Schönhauser Straße.
After it was founded in 1856, Kölnische Maschinenbau AG employed 1,500 people in 1864. Operating machines and blowers were built for mining and for metal works, steam engines and boilers, gas engines, bridges, gas engines and iron structures such as the roof structure for Cologne Cathedral, Flora and Cologne Central Station. In 1909 the company was taken over by Berlin-Anhaltische Maschinenbau AG ( BAMAG ). It later merged with Julius Pintsch AG to form Pintsch Bamag AG . After the company closed in 1970, the factory premises were converted into a residential park by the architects Krüder, Rathai and Fischer by 1977 .
In addition, a wood cutting mill and several breweries were built in Bayenthal. The Hirsch brewery on Tacitusstrasse became famous and merged with the Adler brewery to form the Adler and Hirsch Brewery AG in 1931 . The main shareholder was the Jewish family Jakob Feitel. She had to leave Germany during the Nazi era ; the company was " Aryanized " under the name of Dom Brewery . The company was relocated to Alteburger Straße 145 in 2001.
There the Wicküler group from Wuppertal had built a brewery for their Küppers Kölsch in 1965 on the site that they had previously used to sell their bottled beer produced in Wuppertal . In contrast to what was customary with Kölsch beer up until then , it was not only sold in barrels for restaurants, but mainly in bottles for the end consumer. Although it was denied that the top-fermented, less durable Kölsch is suitable for this, this sales channel prevailed. The proportion of Kölsch in beer drunk in Cologne increased from 35 percent by 1970 to 75 and by 1980 even to 90 percent. After the Dom brewery took over operations in 2001, economic difficulties forced the outsourcing of beer production at the end of 2005 and the sale of the area in 2006, which has since been leveled. It belongs to an area for which, following a preparatory investigation ( § 141 BauGB ), in December 2011, formal designation as a redevelopment area ( § 142 BauBG) was proposed. The further use of the property, which now belongs to the NRW construction and property company, is still completely open.
Facilities
- St. Antonius Hospital Schillerstraße 23, an institution of the Cellitinnen Foundation, monument number 1213 since December 2, 1982 ( east-west wing and the chapel wing to the north )
- A largely preserved, multi-part ensemble, which was built around 1910 in the forms of the late Gothic and the Heimat style, mixed with Art Nouveau influences. The facades are made of brick with ashlar structures, the gable roofs are bounded by gables with corrugated verges.
- On the west side, Schillerstrasse, the former main entrance portico with stone pillars and a mansard roof has been preserved. Above, in the gable, a figure of Anthony. Unsuccessful, bar-shaped extensions from the 1950s and 1970s are added to the south.
- Inside the hospital, the area of the main staircase and the main corridors are listed (floor and wall tiles, door frames).
- The chapel is separated from the hospital by the copper-plated roof turret with a Welscher hood and the half-timbered side wings. The interior of the high room, which occupies two main floors, is spanned by a barrel vault with stitch caps. Its three axes are followed in the north by the recessed, rectangular chancel with a side wing for the sisters. The original Art Nouveau furnishings have largely been preserved here: marble cladding, angel figures, three altar structures (wood, ready-made). Other equipment: confessional, fourteen stations of the cross, Pietà, Anna Selbdritt. The well-colored windows are by Hubert Schaffmeister and P. Winner, 1969.
- Despite the "modern" wing structures, the hospital and chapel can be seen in their original form. Exterior and interior details are of great quality. The building of chapels finds no parallel in Cologne. Its art nouveau-influenced furnishings in particular have been preserved in a rare completeness.
- For the industrial suburb of Bayenthal, the Antonius Hospital is an essential part of its infrastructure. The size and details of the building from 1910 reflect the importance of the district at the time. Together with the Matthias Church and the St. Josefhaus, three monumental large historicist buildings characterize a number of important streets in the district.
- Dormitory St. Josefshaus Bernhardstr. 97, memorial number 2832 since February 28, 1985.
- Old building: three floors, three to nine axes, brick facades with molded and ashlar structures, neo-Gothic (Low German brick Gothic)
- The St. Josefshaus is an important architectural testimony of the suburb for the development of the district after its incorporation in 1888. The Bayenthaler Flur gained economic importance in the 19th century. The establishment of industrial companies (including in 1856 Kölnische Maschinenbau AG) resulted in the construction of workers' houses and row houses. The development, which was then carried out according to plan, interrupted further industrialization. Bayenthal turned into a residential suburb; the expansion of the southern part was done in adaptation to the neighboring villa district Marienburg. During this phase, a town center with a church, hospital, St. Josefshaus and post office was created around Mathiaskirchplatz. Apart from the post office, the other buildings correspond to one another in terms of their designs, materials and proportions, which creates an urban ensemble effect.
- The St. Josefshaus is a building complex enclosed by a high brick wall, consisting of an old and a new building; a central wing connects the two components.
- Façade I to Mathiaskirchplatz: strict vertical division of the gable end through the axiality of the windows, corner pilasters and pillars, horizontal division through cornices and a close row of windows. Sculptures Joseph and Maria on sheet consoles on the second floor.
- Façade II: The eaves side of the building is determined by a gable-crowned central projection, the special decorative part of which is the entrance door designed as a gothic robe portal with tracery windows. On the first window axis there is a chapel adorned with round windows and ornamental gables. The partially preserved lattice windows contribute to the uniform effect of the facade structure.
- Interior: The two-bay cross vault in the hallway, tiles in the hallway and hall, terrazzo stairs with ornamented iron railing, courtyard door with stained glass window, inner door to the central wing, room doors, door frames, baseboards, in the chapel vaults and mosaic flooring have also been preserved from the original furnishings of the old building.
- Archbishop's Irmgardis-Gymnasium Cologne -Bayenthal Schillerstraße 100
- Flood pumping station on the banks of the Rhine / Schönhauser Strasse,
- Built in 2008 according to plans by the Cologne architect Kaspar Kraemer in 2008. Depending on the occasion, it can be illuminated differently, and its light color also indicates the water level and is a spectacular sight, especially in the dark.
literature
- Alexander Kierdorf: The Kölnische Maschinenbau-Actien-Gesellschaft and the early iron construction in the Rhineland. In: Stahlbau 84 (5) 2015, pp. 347–357.
- Frank Thomas: Use, perception and identification in the district. A socio-geographical study using the example of Cologne-Bayenthal. Diploma thesis Geographical Institute of the University of Cologne, 1986. 203 pages.
- Christian Schuh: Cologne's 85 districts. History, dates, facts, names. Emons, Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-89705-278-4
- Peter Funk et al .: 100 years of incorporation. Work, politics and living in Bayenthal and Raderberg. Ed. History workshop of the SPD local association. Cologne 1988
- Frank Thomas, Sofie Trümper: Bayenthal - Marienburg. 150 years of living and working on the Rhine. Festschrift published by the Cologne-Bayenthal-Marienburg Citizens' Association. Cologne 1985
- Frank Thomas, Sofie Trümper: Bayenthal - Marienburg. Stories from the history of Bayenthal and Marienburg. Catalog for the exhibition June 7 - July 15, 1988. Published by the Cologne-Bayenthal-Marienburg citizens' association. Cologne 1988
From the detailed bibliography of the 1985 publication of the Citizens' Association:
- Pintsch-BAMAG (Ed.): 100 Years of BAMAG Cologne-Bayenthal 1856–1956. Darmstadt 1956 (Festschrift)
- Citizens' Association Cöln-Bayenthal (Ed.): Members Almanac. Cologne 1907
- Gärtner, Cramer, Breuer: The St. Antonius Hospital and Pension House in Cöln-Bayenthal. In: Dr. Krautwig (Hrsg.): Natural science and health care in Cöln. Cologne 1908, pp. 483-487
- W. Haas: The Berlin-Anhaltische Maschinenbau AG in its development. Cologne 1922 (dissertation)
- o. V .: At the BAMAG half-century celebration 1872–1922. Berlin 1922 (Festschrift)
- Reisch: The St. Josephshaus in Bayenthal. In: Dr. Krautwig (Hrsg.): Natural science and health care in Cöln. Cologne 1908, pp. 534-535
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://gemeinden.erzbistum-koeln.de/am-suedkreuz-koeln/unsere_gemeinden/mmk/st_matthias.html
- ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Inhabitants by type of migration background - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Employed and unemployed part of the city - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ - ( Memento of the original from September 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.stadt-koeln.de/4/stadtentwicklung/09942/
- ↑ Schönhauser Strasse pumping station bauwatch.koelnarchitektur.de - Detail (magazine) 7 + 8/2012 ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Press kit for the building ( Memento of the original from September 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
Bayenthal | Godorf | Hahnwald | Immendorf | Marienburg | Meschenich | Raderberg | Raderthal | Rodenkirchen | Rondorf | Sürth | White | Folding rule