Queen Mary Shaft
| Queen Mary Shaft | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | 1856 | ||
| End of operation | 1930 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Lead luster , zinc blende | ||
| Greatest depth | 769 m | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 47 '59 " N , 10 ° 21' 23" E | ||
|
|||
| Location | Clausthal-Zellerfeld | ||
| local community | Clausthal-Zellerfeld | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Goslar | ||
| country | State of Lower Saxony | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Clausthal mining inspection | ||
The Königin-Marien-Schacht or Schacht Königin Marie - popularly known as Marienschacht - was a production shaft of the Upper Harz lead and zinc mining on the Burgstätter Gangzug in Clausthal-Zellerfeld in the Upper Harz (Lower Saxony). It is named after the wife of King George V of Hanover ; Queen Marie .
history
The saigere Queen Mary's shaft was 1856 sunk and was 769 meters deep. Initially it had a rectangular cross-section and, typical for the shafts in the Upper Harz Mountains, was built with wood. From around 1913, the shaft received a concrete extension placed in front of the old wooden extension, so that two oval shaft openings remained. The Marienschacht replaced the older , ton-length mining shafts in the ore vein of the Upper Burgstätter Revier, e.g. B. Grube Dorothea and Grube Caroline . Between 1865 and 1892 it was the most important mining shaft in this district. The promotion was carried out by a water-powered sweeper wheel , which was placed in an underground bike room.
From 1874 to 1912 the miners drove into the pits on a steam-powered driving art . This driving art was made of steel and the generously dimensioned steps were attached between two poles. This was intended to enable simultaneous entry and exit for the first time, which, however, did not prove successful due to the mutual hindrance.
After connecting to the deepest waterway and installing two water column machines , the shaft took over the central drainage of the Burgstätter Revier in 1877 . The water collected on the swamp stretch was lifted onto the Ernst-August-Stollen ( deep water stretch ). From there it flowed down the slope to the mouth hole in Gittelde .
At the end of the 19th century, the ores mined in the Bergmannstrost mine (Altenau) were conveyed on the deepest stretch of the Queen Mary's shaft, initially to the Anna Eleonore mine, and later exclusively to the Kaiser Wilhelm shaft with the help of a compressed-air-operated mine railway and there on the Ernst - August studs lifted. At the Kaiser Wilhelm shaft, the ores were tipped into a shaft filling roller and the latter was emptied into trolleys if necessary.
After cessation of mining in 1930 the well still served for the ventilation of the mine power station in Kaiser Wilhelm Schacht in Clausthal. After the power generation was stopped in 1980, the shaft was closed with 60 m of concrete in 1982.
Connection to water solution tunnels
The following water solution tunnels are connected to the shaft at the respective depth:
- 19-Lachter tunnel (66 Lachter or 127 m)
- 13-Lachter tunnel (77 Lachter or 148 m)
- Deep Georg tunnel (146 Lachter or 281 m)
- Ernst-August-Stollen (202 Lachter or 387 m)
- Deepest water distance (323 pools or 621 m)
Technical monuments, traces
The daytime facilities were located to the east of the new building area of the University of Am Marienschacht . The mine house and some outbuildings that are privately owned today still stand on the site .
Technical description of the compressed air operated mine train
A compressed air locomotive drove on the 1.1 km long route . This consisted of a pressure vessel with a capacity of 2 cubic meters of compressed air and a two-cylinder compressed air machine, the pistons of which worked on a double-cranked drive shaft. The pressure vessel held 30 atm . The locomotive had a weight of 5141 kg and could pull 10 wagons each weighing 1250 kg at a speed of 9 km / h.
The pressure vessel had to be refilled after every trip, which took 10 minutes. For this process there was another pressure vessel at the Kaiser Wilhelm shaft, which was connected to a compressed air generator via a pipeline. There were a total of 14 trips per shift, which meant that almost 2.5 hours were lost to refilling the pressure vessel of the locomotive.
The operating costs of the compressed air system amounted to 0.3925 marks / tonne-kilometer . The loss of time per shift, the high dead weight of the locomotive (which made up almost 30% of the train), as well as the deterioration in the weather due to exhaust fumes made a switch to an electric mine train attractive, as it was later also used on the deepest waterway. The operating costs after the conversion led to an estimated 0.225 marks / tonne-kilometer to an annual saving of 4000 marks with 5000 marks investment costs. In the future, however, the runway had to be lower, which is why the 19th section of the Kaiser Wilhelm shaft close to the Queen Mary shaft was driven 100 m below the compressed air runway by the end of 1905.
Remarks
- ↑ The deepest stretch of the Königin-Marie-Schacht corresponded to the 36th Bergmannstroster and 17th Kaiser-Wilhelmer-route.
See also
literature
- Albrecht von Groddeck : Overview of the technical conditions of lead and silver mining on the north-western Upper Harz . In: Ministry for trade, industry and public works (Hrsg.): Journal for the mining, metallurgy and saltworks in the Prussian state . tape 14 . Publishing house of the royal and secret Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei, Berlin 1866, p. 273-295 .
- Hermann Banniza: The mining and metallurgy of the Upper Harz . Enke, Stuttgart 1895 (VI. General German Miners' Day in Hanover).
- Ebeling: Development of the horizontal conveyance on the pits of the Royal Mining Inspection in Clausthal . In: Glückauf - Berg- und Hüttenmännische magazine . December 9, 1905, p. 1530-1536 .
- Wolfgang Lampe : The Queen Marien Shaft near Clausthal - memory of a remarkable shaft in the Upper Harz . 1st edition. Self-published, Clausthal-Zellerfeld.
- Torsten Schröpfer: Treasure trove: interesting facts about the West Harz mining and metallurgy (= series of publications by the Upper Harz History and Museum Association, Clausthal-Zellerfeld ). 1st edition. Pieper, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 2000, ISBN 3-923605-08-0 .
- Lutz Markworth: Locked and locked: mining relics of the Royal Prussian Mining Inspection Clausthal . Upper Harz History and Museum Association, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 2002, ISBN 3-9806619-6-2 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Ebeling: Development of the horizontal conveyance on the pits of the Royal Mining Inspection in Clausthal. In: Glückauf - Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitschrift , No. 49, 41st year, 1905, p. 1533.
- ^ Ebeling: Development of the horizontal conveyance on the pits of the Royal Mining Inspection in Clausthal. In: Glückauf - Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitschrift , No. 49, 41st year, 1905, p. 1534.
- ↑ von Groddeck: Overview of the technical conditions of lead and silver mining on the north-western Upper Harz. In: Journal for the mining, metallurgy and saltworks in the Prussian state. , Volume 14, 1866, p. 287.
- ^ Ebeling: Development of the horizontal conveyance on the pits of the Royal Mining Inspection in Clausthal. In: Glückauf - Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitschrift , No. 49, 41st year, 1905, p. 1535.
- ^ Ebeling: Development of the horizontal conveyance on the pits of the Royal Mining Inspection in Clausthal. In: Glückauf - Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitschrift , No. 49, 41st year, 1905, p. 1536.