Gittelde
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Patch Gittelde
Municipality Bad Grund (Harz)
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| Height : | 246 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 12.55 km² | |
| Residents : | 1888 (Jun 30, 2013) | |
| Population density : | 150 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | 1st of March 2013 | |
| Postal code : | 37539 | |
| Area code : | 05327 | |
Location of Flecken Gittelde in Lower Saxony |
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 St. Mauritius Church
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The Flecken Gittelde is a district of the municipality Bad Grund in the Lower Saxony district of Göttingen .
geography
location
Gittelde is located immediately west of the Upper Harz and Harz Nature Park . It is located at the Markau tributary of the Söse . The closest localities are Münchehof in the north (in the Goslar district ), Windhausen in the south-east and the mountain town of Bad Grund in the north-east . In the south of Gittelde there is the Teichhütte district , which has a mixed industrial and rural character. To the south of this are the villages of Badenhausen and Eisdorf and further south the town of Osterode am Harz, around 10 km from Gittelde . Directly west of Gittelde in the Harz foothills is a contiguous forest area with sustainably managed deciduous mixed coniferous forest in north-south extent, which extends over the three neighboring districts of Goslar, Göttingen and Northeim.
Local division
- Patch Gittelde
- Pond hut
history
Middle Ages and early modern times
The place was first mentioned in a document in 953, when Otto I exchanged the Billungian property and gave it to the Mauritius monastery in Magdeburg. In the year 965 Otto received the place Gittelde coinage and customs rights . After Magdeburg received Otto's donation, they built the Mauritius Church in the area of the former Billungian court, next to which the market was also built. The Magdeburg bishop appointed the Counts of Katlenburg as bailiffs for his court . After the death of the counts at the beginning of the 12th century, the Welfs came into their inheritance, who succeeded in alienating their former property from the Magdeburg diocese with the help of bailiwick rights. For the time before the turn of the millennium, several noble families can be identified who were wealthy in Gittelde. So one found the Liudolfinger , Immedinger and the Billunger as owners of property. The von Gittelde family appears from 1143 . In 1244 Adolf II. Von Dassel renounced in favor of Bishop Siegfried III. on his tithe rights in Gittelde and Eisdorf . At the same time, the Bishop of Mainz for his part renounced it after consultation with Duke Otto I. in favor of the Jacobi monastery Osterode . A sovereign ironworks was operated in Gittelde , which was jointly owned by the sovereigns of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and Hanover. Once connected to the Bad Grund miners' settlement, it was separated from Gittelde in 1532 and made an independent mining town. During the Thirty Years' War Gittelde suffered numerous destruction and devastation, and the catastrophic fire in 1718 brought further serious damage. Metal mining gradually declined until the iron factory ceased trading in 1838, while the one in Teichhütte remained in operation until 1868.
For the development of the postal system in Gittelde see: Postal history of Gittelde .
Possible castle complex
Designations such as "Kaiser-Garten", "Kaiserhof", and "Altes Schloss" in the area of the Johanniskirche and the cemetery suggest that there might have been a castle in Gittelde earlier . Trial excavations in 1953 revealed that several dry stone walls about one meter wide were discovered in the underground of the churchyard . They each ran under the tower or the choir foundation of the church. Since these walls are older than the church, they could have come from a fortification. In addition, the Johanniskirche is older than the Moritzkirche, which was only built after Gittelde came to the Moritzkloster in Magdeburg in 953 . The Johanniskirche was still called the castle chapel in 1240. In Merian's times in the middle of the 17th century, it had masonry with spiral staircases and vaults. However, there is no documentary evidence of the existence of a castle.
Surname
Old names of the place are 965 Getlide, 973 Getlide, 973–975 Getlithi, 1149 Getlethe, 1154 Widego de Getlide, 1169 Getlethe and 1192 Gehtlethe. Jürgen Udolph suspects that the place name was formed from the old Germanic element "-ithi" as in the place names of Sehnde, Lehrte, Lengede, Grohnde. If you look at the geographical location of Gittelde and other places such as Geitelde, Grid and Geisleden, it is unmistakable that all four are located in a depression, a valley that served as a pass and passageway, a ravine: Gittelde's pass character is also there Still recognizable today by the course of the B 243, the country road and the north-south railway connection. The derivation of the word from Germanic and other languages such as English also suggests this.
Incorporations
On July 1, 1972, the neighboring community of Teichhütte was incorporated into the Gittelde patch.
March 1, 2013, the member communities of the closed joint community Bad Grund (Harz) to the new town of Bad Grund (Harz) together, including the spots Gittelde.
Population development
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¹ as of December 31st
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politics
Local council
The local council consists of seven councilors (changes from 2013).
- SPD : 4 seats (+1)
- CDU : 3 seats (± 0)
- Free community of voters : 0 seats (−1)
(Status: local election on September 11, 2016 )
mayor
The local mayor of Gittelde is Olaf de Vries (SPD). His deputy is Martin Dill (CDU).
coat of arms
The design of the municipal coat of arms of Gittelde comes from the heraldist and coat of arms painter Gustav Völker , who designed all coats of arms in the Hanover region . The coat of arms was introduced on the occasion of an anniversary, namely on the occasion of the 1000th anniversary. The council adopted it on April 27, 1953 and the Lower Saxony Minister of the Interior approved it on May 30 of the same year.
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Blazon : "In Red two averted silver keys , topped with a silver coin , on one of three " roofs " ascending and in a cross expiring tip and the inscription" Gelithiespening " ." |
| Reasons for the coat of arms: The keys were taken from the coat of arms of Dietrich von Gittelde . He belonged to the local noble family, which from 1154 until it died out in the male line in 1626 decisively determined the fate of the place. On July 1, 1972, the area came to the Osterode district as part of the regional reform. The coin is a characteristic mint from the old Gittelder mint. |
Flag and banner
Hoist flag
banner
- Description of the flag: “The flag is red-white-red in a ratio of 3: 7: 3 with horizontal stripes with the coat of arms in the middle; the coat of arms on the sides surrounded by a red and white band, in the upper coat of arms the words "Gittelde". "
- Description of the banner: “The banner is red-white-red in a ratio of 3: 7: 3, striped lengthways with the coat of arms in the middle; the coat of arms on the sides surrounded by a red and white band, in the upper coat of arms the words "Gittelde". "
Buildings
- St. Mauritius Church
- St. John's Church
- Numerous well-preserved half-timbered houses
- Ernst-August-Stollen , built 1851–1864. It is 26 km long and served to drain the Harz mining pits .
- Station building from the 19th century
- Stauffenburg castle ruins about 2 km north of the village on the Stauffenberg near Münchehof
- Local museum
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Gittelde is located directly on the federal road 243 , which leads from Osterode am Harz to Seesen .
It has a train station on the Herzberg – Seesen railway line . The Gittelde – Bad Grund railway line used to branch off here .
education
There is a primary school in Gittelde.
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the place
- Adolf Hartwieg (1849–1914), lawyer, Real Privy Councilor and Minister of the Interior of the Duchy of Braunschweig
- Hermann Stodte (1871–1939), teacher and headmaster
- Karl-Hans Lagershausen (1924–1988), politician (CDU)
- Tina Voss (* 1969), business economist, industrial clerk, temporary employment contractor, writer and honorary consul of Norway
People connected to the community
- Dietrich II of Katlenburg (10 ?? - 1085), Count in Lies- and Rittigau with the Einbeck estate, Count of Katlenburg, he had seized the market and coinage rights in Gittelde
- Dietrich III. von Katlenburg (around 1075 / 80–1106), was the last Count of Katlenburg, he presumably first used the Katlenburg, which was built in the 11th century, and later the Stauffenburg near the important mint in Gittelde as a seat of power
- Heinrich II of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1489–1568), Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, he is considered the last Catholic prince in Lower Saxony, he had a long affair with the lady-in-waiting Eva von Trott, which he secretly quartered at Stauffenburg Castle in Gittelde
- Eva von Trott (around 1506–1567), she was the mistress of Duke Heinrich II of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, she bore him ten illegitimate children, she was billeted at Stauffenburg Castle in Gittelde
- Anton Detlev Jenner (around 1690–1732), Baroque sculptor and carver, he is considered the most important Braunschweig sculptor in the first half of the 18th century, he created the wooden baptismal stand in the church of Gittelde
- Johann Christoph Hüsemann (1702–1774), organ builder of the high and late baroque and court and country organ builder in Wolfenbüttel around the middle of the 18th century. His work was the construction of a positive in the local St. John's Church before 1750
- Johann August Günther Heinroth (1780–1846), music director, teacher, composer and writer, he accepted a position as private tutor in Gittelde
- Friedrich Carl Ludwig Koch (1799–1852), entrepreneur, he worked on the ironworks in Gittelde
- Johann Georg Stünkel (before 1799 – after 1817), smelter, Obereisenhütteninspektor and royal Hanover upper mountain ridge in the Harz, he traveled to numerous production sites in 1799 and described the Harz iron mines and smelters in his works, including the iron works in Gittelde
- Eduard Borchers (1815–1902), Markscheider and Bergrat at the Clausthal Mining and Forestry Office, his life's work was the construction of the Ernst-August-Stollen, the choice of the starting point at Gittelde and the tunnel line go back to him
- Julius Brautlecht (1837-1883), pharmacist, he developed the first usable evidence for the typhus bacillus, he started an apprenticeship as a pharmacist in Gittelde in 1851
literature
- Mirja Steinkamp: The Gittelde ironworks 1700–1787 . In: Contributions to economic and social history . tape 78 . Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-515-07165-2 .
- Ernst Andreas Friedrich : The imperial court in Gittelde . In: If stones could talk . tape 4 . Landbuch-Verlag, Hannover 1998, ISBN 3-7842-0558-5 , p. 64-66 .
- Bodo Biegling: The Gittelde patch . History in the Flecken Gittelde (collected historical reports). tape 1 and 2.
- 1000 years of Gittelde . Festschrift. Holidays from 12th to 15th June 1953.
- Uwe Kipp: Gittelder pfennigs. The history of the Gittelde mint and its minting .
Web links
- Gittelde - on the website of Bad Grund (Harz)
- Local history and history association Gittelde
- Literature list on local history
- Article Gittelde In: GenWiki.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b municipalities in Germany by area, population and postcode. (XLS; 4.5 MB) See: Lower Saxony, No. 1533 . In: Destatis website. Federal Statistical Office, December 31, 2012, accessed on February 2, 2020 .
- ↑ a b population figures. In: Website of the municipality of Bad Grund (Harz). June 30, 2013, accessed February 6, 2020 .
- ↑ main statute. (PDF; 18 kB) In: Website of the Bad Grund community (Harz). November 7, 2016, accessed February 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Mechthild Schulze: The castles on the western and southern edge of the Upper Harz . In: Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz (Hrsg.): Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments. Western Harz, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Osterode, Seesen . tape 36 . Philipp von Zabern Verlag, Mainz 1978, ISBN 3-8053-0305-X , p. 42 ff .
- ^ H. Sudendorf: Document book for the history of the dukes of Braunschweig and Lüneburg and their lands . First part. Hofbuchdruckerei Gebrüder Jänecke, Hanover 1859, p. 20 ( digitized version in Google Book Search [accessed on February 2, 2020]).
- ↑ Hans Pusen : Lower Saxony. The mountain and hill country in the south . 2nd Edition. Sigmaringendorf 1987, ISBN 3-8235-1002-9 , p. 319 .
- ↑ Erhard Kühlhorn: Historical-regional excursion map. Leaf Osterode am Harz . Lax GmbH & Co. KG, Hildesheim 1970, p. 74 ff .
- ^ Jürgen Udolph (research): The "place name researcher". (No longer available online.) In: Internet site NDR 1 Lower Saxony . Archived from the original on December 2, 2016 ; accessed on August 4, 2019 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 268 .
- ↑ Lower Saxony State Chancellery (Ed.): Law on the reorganization of the Bad Grund (Harz) community, Osterode am Harz district . Lower Saxony Law and Ordinance Gazette (Nds. GVBl.). No. 16/2012 . Hanover July 18, 2012, p. 267 , p. 17 ( digitized version [PDF; 290 kB ; accessed on February 2, 2020]).
- ^ Ulrich Schubert: Community directory Germany 1900 - Gandersheim district. Information from December 1, 1910. In: gemeindeververzeichnis.de. January 5, 2020, accessed February 2, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Gandersheim ( see under: No. 27 ). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b Statistisches Bundesamt Wiesbaden (ed.): Official municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany - 1957 edition (population and territorial status September 25, 1956, for Saarland December 31, 1956) . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1958, p. 205 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Lower Saxony State Administration Office (ed.): Municipal directory for Lower Saxony . Municipalities and municipality-free areas. Self-published, Hanover January 1, 1973, p. 33 , district of Osterode am Harz ( digitized [PDF; 21.3 MB ; accessed on February 2, 2020]).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Community directory - archive - regional structure - annual editions - Lower Saxony. (All politically independent municipalities in EXCEL format). In: Destatis website. Federal Statistical Office, accessed on February 2, 2020 .
- ^ Result of the local council election Flecken Gittelde 2016. In: Website of the municipal services Göttingen. September 11, 2016, accessed February 2, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Local council Flecken Gittelde. In: Website of the municipality of Bad Grund (Harz). Retrieved February 2, 2020 .
- ↑ District of Hanover (ed.): Wappenbuch district of Hanover . Self-published, Hanover 1985.
- ^ A b Arnold Rabbow: Braunschweigisches Wappenbuch . The coats of arms of the communities and districts in the urban and rural districts of Braunschweig, Gandersheim, Gifhorn, Goslar, Helmstedt, Peine, Salzgitter, Wolfenbüttel and Wolfsburg. Ed .: Braunschweiger Zeitung, Salzgitter Zeitung and Wolfsburger Nachrichten. Eckensberger & Co Verlag, Braunschweig 1977, DNB 780686667 , p. 114-115 .
- ↑ Photograph with a picture of the flag of Gittelde. In: image.jimcdn.com. Retrieved February 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Photograph with a picture of the Gittelde banner. In: image.jimcdn.com. Retrieved February 2, 2020 .
Bergstadt Bad Grund (Harz) with a leaf hut and Taubenborn | Badenhausen with Neuhütte and Oberhütte | Eisdorf | Gittelde with pond hut | Will | Windhausen