Kalaallit Nunaata Radioa
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| TV station ( public service ) | |
| reception | Analog: FM , MW Digital: DVB-T , DVB-C , IPTV |
| Image resolution | ( Entry missing ) |
| Start of transmission | July 21, 1958 |
| language | Greenlandic and Danish |
| Seat |
Nuuk , Greenland
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| owner | Government of Greenland |
| Broadcaster | KNR |
| executive Director | Karl Henrik Simonsen |
| List of TV channels | |
| Website | |
Kalaallit Nunaata Radioa (KNR) is a Greenland broadcaster based in Nuuk .
It is an independent state company with over 100 employees. The station is managed by the five-person board of directors, its chairman is currently Sofie Sandgreen. The broadcasts come from various sources, including the Greenland government, various associations, cooperations with private local broadcasters and from broadcasts abroad, especially Danmarks Radio (DR). KNR is an associate member of Nordvision , an association of state broadcasters in the Nordic countries .
history
The history of the station KNR is largely shaped by providing an island six times the size of Germany with only around 56,000 inhabitants, at least on the widely inhabited coasts, with a comprehensive radio system.
The first four radio stations were founded in 1925 in Qeqertarsuaq , Qaqortoq , Nuuk and Tasiilaq . On September 6th the first telegram was sent from Greenland . Hugo Holten Møller, Greenlandic radio pioneer, largely financed the project himself. In 1926, programs were broadcast from a telegraph pole in Qeqertarsuaq, and in 1934 there were two weekly programs in winter. In 1942 the station with the Danish name Grønlands Radio was founded. In 1949 there were already five 15-minute broadcasts a day in Danish and most of the time in Greenlandic. In 1955 the new station in Qeqertarsuaq and several illegal relay stations were banned. That led to a public protest.
Since 1956 there have been efforts to found a public radio station for Greenland, the new radio. On July 21, 1958, the station was officially founded after previous test broadcasts from the Radiohus in Nuuk. School radio, live music by local artists and church broadcasts were the focus of the program. In addition, news, lectures, music from the record, reports and radio magazines, radio plays and satire, as well as musical entertainment were part of the program. In 1964 the radio program was reorganized with a new 25 kW transmitter in Kookøerne, a shoal or sandbank off the coast of Nuuk and two further 5 kW transmitters in Frederikshåb and Godhavn (south and southwest coast).
In 1971 the Ministry of Culture set up a television committee to develop a concept for a nationwide television program. Since 1960 there have been private initiatives to broadcast Danish television recordings in Greenland and since 1966 individual programs from Nuuk. These projects were accompanied by a fundamental political discussion in Greenland, initiated in the 1970s, about who should bear social responsibility for broadcasting. KNR was the first institution to benefit from Denmark's political independence, but was not yet able to bear the technical expense of television broadcasts. Up until 1977, UHF radio relay traffic (no cables are laid on the island due to the permafrost, see Greenland Connect ) made it possible to connect numerous places on the west coast to a VHF transmitter network. In the north and east, tapes posted by mail were broadcast on local FM and medium wave stations . From 1979 and 1980 the whole island was supplied with telecommunications and radio broadcasts via the Greenland-INUKSAT satellite system via several satellite stations.
In 1981 the station was renamed to its current name and a cooperation agreement was signed with Danmarks Radio . In the same year the first regional radio station KNR Avannaa was started in Ilulissat. The terrestrial television program has been broadcasting since November 1982 (since 1990 with teletext). Until then, the samtidigheds TV was broadcast on video tapes by the Navy. This was legally problematic, but was temporarily allowed, since this way programs could also be produced and distributed inexpensively. By 1985, 17 of the 31 television broadcasting stations broadcast the television signal directly, the remaining stations broadcast video recordings of the program on S-VHS cassettes (the last station until August 2002).
In 1991 a "TV return channel" was set up on the radio in order to be able to broadcast video reports from locations other than Nuuk. KNR's own satellite station with an antenna of 3.7 meters makes the satellites Thor 2A 0.8 º W and 1 Intelsat 707 º W available for program delivery of foreign programs, including the takeover of Danish television programs with news in Greenlandic programs. In 2005, almost all of the station's departments were brought together in a new building, a converted aircraft hangar. Since 2007, the entire radio and television range has been produced digitally. All broadcasts are archived on the hard drive.
In July 2009 KNR celebrated its 50th anniversary with extensive documentation on the Internet and with historical broadcasts on the radio.
The Broadcasting Act currently applicable to KNR dates from 2014.
In early 2015, KNR bought the private local broadcaster Voice of Greenland , which was started in Nuuk in 2013 , to convert it into a youth program. The program, which was renamed KNR Voice in March 2015 , had to close again in autumn of the same year for legal, political and economic reasons.
program
KNR operates a nationwide television program and a radio program . The radio broadcasts mainly in Kalaallisut , the Greenlandic language, but also in Danish , for example news.
Television is a compilation of locally produced programs and news in Kalaallisut (the Danish-language programs were canceled in 2013 following the availability of DR via DVB-T ). A second channel only transmits selected events (such as meetings of the Inatsisartut or sports). The news program Qanorooq (German about What one speaks about ), set up in 1989, and a selection of other programs are provided with Danish subtitles and made available via YouTube , which enables the subtitles to be automatically translated into other languages.
For radio broadcasts, which require more effort, the technical equipment is brought in containers by sea to other places on the island, and helicopters are used for daily reports.
distribution
Terrestrial television ( KNR1 and KNR2 ) has only been broadcast digitally since 2012 (together with DR1 , DR2 and DR Ultra ). For radio there are three medium wave transmitters (in Qeqertarsuaq , Nuuk and Simiutaq / Qaqortoq ) and around 50 VHF transmitters ; Another FM transmitter from KNR broadcasts the Danish DR P1 in Nuuk. In addition, the KNR radio program runs on the sound carrier of the television station KNR2 if it does not broadcast its own program.
The three KNR programs are offered as live streams on the Internet .
The weekend edition of the television news program Qanorooq can also be seen on Sundays under the title Nyheder fra Grønland on the Danish television program DR2 .
The Intelsat 903 satellite served until 2017 (?) To provide broadcasting for the entire island, especially away from the coast, where terrestrial coverage is not economically feasible.
Until February 2011, the KNR radio program could occasionally be received via a shortwave transmitter from the coast station in Tasiilaq on 3815 kHz.
literature
- Anja Lindelof: KNR 50 år - Altid til tjeneste . Atuagkat, 2008, ISBN 978-87-90133-89-4 .
Web links
- KNR official website (Danish and Greenlandic versions), accessed January 8, 2018
- KNR short info (English) Self-presentation of the institution, accessed on January 8, 2018
- RadioStationWorld broadcast frequencies , accessed on January 8, 2018
- Greenland radio frequencies (dkradio.dk) and television channels (dansk-tv.dk), accessed on January 8, 2018
Individual evidence
- ↑ KNR management , accessed on May 15, 2019 (Danish)
- ↑ KNR website (Danish)
- ↑ Inatsisartutlov no. 7 of June 8, 2014 om radio- og tv-virksomhed (Danish)
- ↑ Grundlaget for Voice væk (Danish)
- ↑ News as a podcast (Greenlandic Radioaviisi , Danish Radioavisen )
- ↑ Atuagagdliutit 1989 No. 82 p. 16
- ↑ http://knr.gl/da/tv/qanorooq ; a Canadian counterpart in Inuktitut is the program Igalaaq (ᐃᒐᓛᖅ, German window ) from CBC North , since 1995
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/user/KNRgreenland
- ↑ Dit tv går måske i sort (Danish)
- ↑ FM and AM sendefrekvenser (Danish)
- ↑ Radio: https://knr.gl/radiolivestream ; TV: http://knr.gl/da/tv/livetv ; KNR2: http://knr.gl/da/tv/livetv-knr2
- ↑ https://knr.gl/da/tv-programme/qanorooq-weekend
- ↑ https://www.dr.dk/tv/se/nyheder-fra-groenland/
- ↑ SatBeams.com
- ↑ The transmitter from Santa Claus Land
Coordinates: 64 ° 11 ′ 1 ″ N , 51 ° 43 ′ 13 ″ W.