Wilhelm Mantel

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Wilhelm Wolfgang Mantel (born February 24, 1904 in Munich ; † August 20, 1983 there ) was a German forest official and forest scientist. He wrote successful textbooks on forest assessment and forest management.

Life

Wilhelm Mantel came from an old forest family in the Bavarian Spessart , which is represented by more than 80 namesake Mantel in the history of the Electorate of Mainz and Bavaria. He was the son of the later timber trade advisor and Ministerialrat Joseph Mantel. His uncle Theodor Mantel was the head of the Bavarian State Forestry Administration, and his younger brother Kurt , who is better known , became one of the most important German forest scientists of the 20th century. Wilhelm Mantel also became a forester in an uninterrupted seventh generation. However, he is not to be confused with the Oberlandforstmeister Wilhelm Mantel (1880–1961; he was awarded the Bavarian Order of Merit in 1959).

Wilhelm Wolfgang Mantel married Elfriede nee Hofmann from Thum , with whom he had five children, including four daughters. The only son Wolfgang later also worked in the Bavarian state forest administration and thus continued the family tradition. Wilhelm Mantel has dealt intensively with their history and self-published the book Chronik der Familie Mantel about it in 1948 .

Training and career beginnings

Wilhelm Mantel's childhood and youth were characterized by frequent changes of residence due to his father's career as a forest officer. He attended elementary schools in Münchsmünster , Augsburg and Munich, as well as the old and new high school in the Bavarian capital from 1914 to 1923, where he also passed his Abitur. In 1923 he began studying forest sciences at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich . In 1923 he became a member of the Corps Hubertia Munich as Mantel XV . In 1927 he passed the exam to become a qualified forest manager . Wilhelm Mantel then completed his forestry traineeship in the Bavarian State Forest Administration, which he completed in 1930 with the Grand State Forest Examination - which he passed as the second best of 30 candidates. 1937 doctorate he became Dr. oec. publ. at the University of Munich.

Mantel then worked as a forest assessor and government forest adviser at the Munich Oberforstdirektion and at the Erlangen-Ost , Altdorf and Kürnach (Buchenberg) forest offices . As a civil servant in the state forest administration, it was not easy for him in the “ Third Reich ”, as Prime Minister Ludwig Siebert distrusted the members of the Mantel family for political reasons.

Scientific activity and call to Berlin

Wilhelm Mantel received his doctorate in 1939 with the dissertation The income from the Bavarian state forests since the end of the 18th century. A historical and economic study at the State Economics Faculty of the University of Munich for Dr. oec. publ. He also made a name for himself through specialist articles on forest management and business management , which he published in bodies such as Die Gemeinde , Der Deutsche Forstwirt , in the Central Forestry Gazette and in the General Forestry and Hunting Newspaper . This was recognized, so that in the middle of World War II in 1942 , Mantel was called up to the Reich Forestry Office in Berlin , where he had to deal with questions of taxation, statistics , wood surcharges and property transactions . At the same time he was a consultant for forestry and wood industry research at the Reich Research Council . In April 1945, however, in view of the approaching US Army, Heinrich Eberts transferred him back to the Bavarian Forest Administration.

Career in the ministerial forest department

In the immediate post-war period, Mantel was in charge of the Swabian forestry offices in Betzigau and Sulzschneid from 1946 to 1948 and evaluated the 1946 forest survey and operational planning for Bavaria. In 1948 he was transferred as a consultant to the central office of the Bavarian State Forestry Administration in the Ministerialforstabteilung (MFA) in Munich, where, as a ministerial advisor, he primarily supervised the new forest management works . Mantel was also significantly involved in the design of a new forest management instruction for the Bavarian state forests. Since it was founded, he has also been a member of the “Working Group for Forest Management”. Within the ministerial forest department he finally rose over the years to ministerial director and at the same time was deputy head of the state forest administration. When he reached the age limit, he retired in 1969.

Journalistic success

In 1948 he published with forest management teaching his first textbook in which the important for the forest practice material was shown. A second edition followed in 1959. His main scientific work that had the greatest influence on forest practice was his textbook Forest Assessment, first published in 1950 . Introduction and guidance . Although the interest theory side met with criticism, it became the standard work of forest property traffic and was so well received that Mantel was able to publish the sixth edition in 1982. The new computer technology was also taken into account. The corresponding section was not written by Mantel, however. In 1950, Mantel was also the editor of the seventh edition of the classic Practical Wood Calculator. Auxiliary boards for the forestry and wood industry by August Ritter von Ganghofer .

His fame within the forestry experts increased again when he became a permanent employee of the Allgemeine Forst Zeitschrift (AFZ) from 1957 , whose Munich editorial office he was responsible for under the Stuttgart- based editor- in -chief Franz Bauer . His forest-historical contributions were particularly popular. Because Mantel knew how to describe people and times in a lively way, to describe events and developments in context and to make them interesting for the present.

On the other hand, his book Wald und Forst , written in 1961 for the series “ Rowohlts deutsche enzyklopädie ”, was aimed at a broad audience . Interrelationships between nature and economy , which gave a good overview of the development and importance of forest use in the course of human history, but did not bring any new scientific knowledge, which was not the intention of the book series.

Even after he retired in 1969, Mantel continued to work as a journalist. From 1931 to 1983 he presented well over 100 publications. After his wife had preceded him in death, Wilhelm Mantel died on August 20, 1983 in his hometown of Munich, where he had also spent his old age.

Honors

Fonts

  • The income from the Bavarian state forests since the end of the 18th century. A historical and economic study , dissertation, Munich 1939
  • Forest management apprenticeship , Radebeul and Berlin 1948 (2nd, expanded, revised edition under the title Forest Management , Frankfurt am Main 1959)
  • Chronicle of the Mantel family , Munich and Kempten 1948
  • Forest planning. Outline of forest planning technology , forestry practice (booklet 5), Munich 1949
  • as editor: Practical wood calculator. Auxiliary panels for the forestry and wood industry , by August Ritter von Ganghofer , 7th revised edition, Augsburg 1950
  • as compiler and editor: Festschrift for the 90th birthday of Lorenz Wappes , Dr. oec. publ., Dr. Ing.EH, retired ministerial director, honorary curator and long-time chairman of the German Forest Association , Munich 1950
  • Forest assessment. Introduction and instructions , Augsburg 1950 (6th, revised and expanded edition - including a section on computer techniques and programs by Hans-Joachim Weimann -, Munich, Vienna and Zurich 1982, ISBN 3-405-12609-6 )
  • as compiler: Forest Geology for Bavaria. Compiled for use by Bavarian forest trainees , s. l. (Munich?) 1950
  • as compiler: The standardization of technical terms in the field of forest management , Munich 1953
  • Forest and forest. Interrelationships between nature and economy , rowohlts deutsche enzyklopädie (123), Reinbek bei Hamburg 1961
  • as compiler: Forests and forestry in Bavaria , Munich, Basel and Vienna 1963
  • The forest in spatial planning , spatial research and regional planning (Issue 13), Munich 1968
  • as editor together with Karl Hasel : Georg Ludwig Hartig with his family. Brief life and family history of the State Councilor and Chief Forestry Officer Georg Ludwig Hartig, written by his wife Theodora [Hartig] 1826 , Göttingen 1976

Quotes

  • "This is why the widespread belief that forestry over the past hundred and fifty years has replaced blooming, unspoilt deciduous forests with monotonous spruce forests is wrong. Anyone who has read the old descriptions of forests from 1750 to 1800 knows that the forest was then It is similar to hunting . Here, too, large circles envision that the forest would have been teeming with game a hundred and fifty years ago. It is rather true that, apart from the protected red deer areas in the times of the absolute princes, the forest was less wild than it is today. (...) For the wrong assessment of the forest and hunting past, a romantic attitude, which does not correspond to reality, is to be blamed. " - Wilhelm Mantel (1961)
  • "On the one hand, a distinction has to be made between the ideas that the forest evokes in the layman and those that the forest specialist has. The layman looks at the forest emotionally; he likes the crooked, half-dying trees best. The beauty of the well-tended commercial forest is more difficult to grasp; but the properly in order commercial forest is also beautiful if it does not yet offer any pictorial motifs. Even the layman has nothing to complain about in the commercial forest as long as he is not prompted by incompetent parties to different views. " - Wilhelm Mantel (1961)

literature

  • Heinrich Rubner : Wilhelm Mantel , in that: Hundreds of important Bavarian foresters (1875-1970) . Communications from the Bavarian State Forestry Administration, No. 47. Bavarian State Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forests, Munich 1994, pp. 70–71
  • Wilhelm coat: forest and forest. Interrelationships between nature and economy . "Rowohlts deutsche enzyklopädie" series, Volume 123. Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1961, About the Author , p. 142 - contains a lot of concrete biographical data
  • WW: In memoriam Dr. Wilhelm Mantel . In: Der Forst- und Holzwirt , 38th year 22/1983, p. 593, ISSN  0015-7961
  • Franz Bauer : Dr. Wilhelm Mantel 65 , in: Allgemeine Forst Zeitschrift (AFZ), Volume 24, Issue 17/1969, pp. 355–356, ISSN  0002-5860 - contains almost no biographical data, but a detailed list of Mantel's writings

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Wilhelm Mantel: Forest and Forest. Interrelationships between nature and economy . Series "rowohlts deutsche enzyklopädie", volume 123. Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1961, p. 142
  2. a b c d e Heinrich Rubner: Wilhelm Mantel , in ders .: One hundred important Bavarian foresters (1875-1970) . Communications from the Bavarian State Forestry Administration, issue 47. Bavarian State Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forests, Munich 1994, pp. 70/71
  3. Kösener Corpslisten 1996, 80 , 825
  4. WW: In memoriam Dr. Wilhelm Mantel . In: Der Forst- und Holzwirt , 38th year 22/1983, p. 593
  5. ^ Franz Bauer: Dr. Wilhelm Mantel 65 , in: Allgemeine Forst Zeitschrift (AFZ), Volume 24, Issue 17/1969, p. 355 / WW: In memoriam Dr. Wilhelm Mantel . In: Der Forst- und Holzwirt , 38th year 22/1983, p. 593
  6. ↑ Office of the Federal President
  7. ^ Wilhelm coat: forest and forest. Interrelationships between nature and economy . Series "rowohlts deutsche enzyklopädie", volume 123. Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1961, p. 30
  8. ^ Wilhelm coat: forest and forest. Interrelationships between nature and economy . Series "rowohlts deutsche enzyklopädie", volume 123. Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1961, p. 107