Potassium
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Potassium is a genus of plants in the foxtail family(Amaranthaceae). They are shrubby salt plants thatare widespreadfrom Southeast Europe through Southwest and Central Asia to China .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The potassium species are semi-shrubs or small shrubs . The branched stems are bare and appear more or less articulated when young, while older ones are not articulated. The leaves are alternate, they are fleshy, glabrous, encompassing the stem, almost spherical to semi-stem-round, their free leaf blade is 0.5 to 12 millimeters long.
Inflorescences and flowers
The ear-like inflorescences are composed of alternate, flaky, free supporting sheets , respectively a sit in the underarm or three flowers, which are partially each other, fused to the carrier sheet and the inflorescence axis. The hermaphroditic flowers have a four to five-lobed flower shell made of fused tepals , two stamens and an egg-shaped ovary with two stigmas .
Fruits and seeds
At the time of fruiting, the flower envelope becomes thick and spongy and envelops the fruit. Towards the tip, the inflorescence is widened, flattened and provided with a wing-like edge. The pericarp is membranous. The seed is upright disc-shaped, with a bumpy to papilose surface. The embryo is semicircular and there is abundant nutrient tissue.
Distribution and location
The types of potassium are distributed from Southeast Europe through Southwest Asia and Central Asia to China . As salt plants , they colonize salt plains and alkaline soils, the edges of alluvial fans and the banks of salt lakes .
Systematics
The genus Kalidium was established in 1849 by Alfred Moquin-Tandon . As Lektotypus was Kalidium foliatum set. A synonym is Kalidiopsis Aellen .
The genus includes about six species:
- Kalidium caspicum (L.) Ung.-Sternb. , from Southeast Europe, the Caucasus and eastern Turkey through Southwest Asia, Central Asia to China (northern Xinjiang ).
- Kalidium cuspidatum (Hungarian Starb.) Grubov , in Mongolia and China ( Gansu , Hebei , Nei Mongol , Ningxia , Qinghai , Shaanxi , Xinjiang ).
- Kalidium foliatum (Pall.) Moq. , distributed from Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia, Central Asia, Russia (southern Siberia ), Mongolia to China (northern Gansu and Hebei, Heilongjiang , Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang).
- Kalidium gracile Fenzl , in Mongolia and China (Nei Mongol, Xinjiang).
- Kalidium schrenkianum Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb. , in Kazakhstan and China (Xinjiang).
- Kalidium wagenitzii (Aellen) Freitag & G.Kadereit (Syn .: Kalidiopsis wagenitzii Aellen ), endemic to Turkey ( Anatolia ). This species is also put to Kalidium foliatum .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Gudrun Kadereit, Ladislav Mucina & Helmut Freitag: Phylogeny of Salicornioideae (Chenopodiaceae): diversification, biogeography, and evolutionary trends in leaf and flower morphology , In: Taxon , Volume 55 (3), 2006, pages 623 -624, 631-632.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Gelin Zhu, Sergei L. Mosyakin, Steven E. Clemants: Kalidium. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-27-X , pp. 355 (English). , online .
- ^ Alfred Moquin-Tandon: Salsolaceae . in: De Candolle (Ed.): Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 13 (2). Masson, Paris, 1849, p. 146. ( First description scanned into BHL )
- ↑ Potassium at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 1, 2016.
- ↑ a b c Mikko Piirainen 2009: Kalidium. In: P. Uotila, (Ed.): Chenopodiaceae. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
Web links
Wikispecies: Kalidium - Species Directory- Photos of Kalidium at Flora Cross, the Virtual Guide to the Flora of Mongolia .