Kamow Ka-27
Kamow Ka-27 | |
---|---|
A Ka-27SP approaching the USS Belleau Wood |
|
Type: | Submarine fighter helicopter |
Design country: | |
Manufacturer: | |
First flight: |
December 1974 |
Commissioning: |
1981 |
Production time: |
til today |
The Kamow Ka-27 ( Russian Камов Ка-27 , NATO code name " Helix ") is a military helicopter made by the Russian manufacturer Kamow . It was designed in 1968 as the direct successor to the Ka-25 and has almost twice the take-off weight for the same size. In the Soviet Navy , the all-weather Helix-A from 1981 was primarily used for on-board combat against submarines . In addition, it also fulfills transport tasks and is used to transmit target data, for example to battlecruisers of the Kirov class . A modernization program was carried out from 2004. The all-weather search-and-rescue design is known as the Helix-D. The Ka-31 early warning helicopter and the Ka-32 , which is primarily used for civilian missions, were derived from the Ka-27 .
description
The construction in conventional metal half-shell construction is divided into three main components - cabin, stern and turbine attachment. As a submarine hunting helicopter, the Ka-27 is able to detect and combat submerged submarines to a depth of 500 m at a flight speed of up to 75 km / h . Thanks to the stable autopilot and the INS , the pilot can let the helicopter hover over an object in any weather (up to wind force 5). In terms of equipment, the Ka-27 can be used autonomously in both tropical and arctic regions at any time of the day or night. The detection of submarines or surface vessels can with naval radars , Osminog- MAD , a WGS-3- dipping sonar , the APM-73V-MAD and droppable sonar buoys carried out. The MAD buoy is attached under the stern and is pulled through the water on an 85 m long cable when searching. An IFF (friend-foe recognition system) only has the export variant Ka-28. The first stationing took place on the rocket destroyers of the Udaloj class . Like its predecessor, the helicopter has two coaxial rotors with foldable rotor blades, which means there is no need for a tail rotor . In order to enable operations in the Arctic and on rough seas, the rotor blades can be heated and the structure of the helicopter is made of corrosion-resistant materials. The crew is equipped with S-4B parachutes and NAZ-7M survival equipment under the seats for emergencies . As in the previous Ka-25, the armament is housed in a weapon shaft under the cabin that is closed with flaps, as the planned use of nuclear depth charges required a shaft that could be heated with engine bleed air. Behind it there are two flaps for the diving sonar device WGS-3. The four-wheel landing gear was designed for use on rolling ships. Two air cushions for emergency water landings are housed in the side containers. This allows the crew to leave the helicopter above the waterline and swim to the emergency inflatable boat. In addition to the two main turbines, an Ivschenko AI-9W emergency unit (APU) is installed. The 3,270 liters of kerosene carried along are distributed over ten rubber tanks under and in the cabin.
variants
- Ka-27E
After the Chernobyl nuclear disaster , some Helix-A were converted to measure radioactivity .
- Ka-27PK
The prototype of an ASuW variant (ship combat ) was armed with a Ch-35 guided missile in the weapon bay.
- Ka-27PL "Helix-A"
The variant first named Ka-252PL is actually called Ka-27. The series variant serves as an on-board submarine fighter helicopter. For this purpose, it is equipped with search radar under the nose, retractable diving sonar in the stern, towed MAD under the tail boom and weapons in the bomb bay.
- Ka-27PLM
Improved variant with newer sensors and more powerful turbines.
- Ka-27PS "Helix-C"
The search and rescue variant, first known as the Ka-252PS, has been modified for use from ships. The unarmed version is equipped with an external LPG-300 300 kg cable winch and additional tanks in the bomb bay. Since the cabin has no sensors in the cabin compared to the PL variant, 12 folding seats could be installed. The windows in the rear have been moved for better illumination and an emergency exit door has been added in the rear.
- Ka-27PSD "Helix-D"
Test machine for a long-range rescue helicopter based on the Ka-27PS.
- Ka-27PW
CSAR variant with light armament.
- Ka-28 "Helix-A"
Simplified export version of the Ka-27PL. In addition, an ESM system, an IFF (friend-foe detection system) and additional tanks on the side are installed as in the Ka-27PS.
- Ka-252
Ka-27 family prototypes. Among them the KA-252PL for the Ka-27 with missing radome, the KA-252PS for the Ka-27PS and the Ka-252RLD for the Ka-31.
Military users
- 12 × Ka-28
- 17 × Ka-28
- 2 × Ka-28 (out of service, located in the Belgrade Aviation Museum )
- 85 × Ka-27PL / PS
- 2 × Ka-28 (of 5 purchased)
- 16 × Ka-27PL / PS
- 7 × Ka-28
Technical specifications
Parameter | Data |
---|---|
crew | 3 |
Passengers | 16 |
Rotor diameter | each 15.90 m |
length | 11.30 m |
height | 5.40 m |
Empty mass | 7500 kg |
Max. Takeoff mass | 12,600 kg |
payload | inside 4000 kg / outside 5000 kg |
Top speed | 250 km / h |
Cruising speed | 220 km / h |
Service ceiling | 5000 m |
Range | 800 km |
Engines | two Klimow / Isotow TW3-117W |
power | 1,660 kW each (approx.2,260 PS) |
Armament
Internal weapon bay
- Gun loading up to 4000 kg weapons in the internal weapon bay in the fuselage floor
- Torpedoes
- 4 × APR-2E "Jastreb-M" torpedo (350 mm)
- 2 × APR-3EUD torpedo (350 mm)
- 2 × 2,000 kg torpedo (450 mm)
- 2 × WTT-1- "Strisch" torpedo (AT-1M, B-1 DC or E45-75A, 560 kg, 450 mm)
- 1 × E45-7A torpedo (533 mm)
- 1 × DB4 torpedo with a nuclear warhead
- 1 × TT-4 torpedo
- 1 × UMGT-1 "Orlan" torpedo
- Depth charges
- 4 × S3W - actively target-seeking depth charges
- 12 × PLAB-250-120 depth charges
- 12 × PLAB-10K depth charges
- 2 × B-1 depth charges
- Additional container
- 2 × auxiliary tanks with 500 liters (110 gallons) of kerosene
- 36 × RGB-NM-1 sonar buoys
At external load stations
- Gun loading up to 200 kg weapons on a KD2-323 double rack on the left rear side
- Unguided bombs
- 2 × OMAB 25-12D marker bombs
- 2 × OMAB 500 marker bombs
Self-defense systems
- Active measures
- 4 × APP-50 flare launchers, each with 12 × 50 mm chaff cartridges or heat flares
- 2 × EKSP-39 signal rocket launchers for four different colored signal rockets each on both sides at the start of the tail boom
- Passive action
- 2 × SRO-2M “chrome” radar warning sensors in the early versions
- 2 × SRO-21P "Parol" radar warning sensors in the later versions
Film appearance
In the film Escape from Absolom , a Ka-27 was used to drop prisoners on the island and to patrol the island. The Ka-27s are mistakenly armed with unguided rocket launchers and a bow machine gun.
Comparable naval helicopters
- Agusta-Bell AB-212ASW (Bell UH-1N "Twin Huey")
- Kaman SH-2F "Seasprite"
- Mil Mi-14PL "Haze-A"
- Sikorsky SH-3D "Sea King" (S-61)
- Sikorsky SH-60B "Seahawk"
- Westland "Lynx" HAS Mk.3
See also
Web links
- Ka-27 Helix dipping sonar helicopter. Retrieved March 5, 2015 .
- Kamov 32 and modifications. Retrieved March 5, 2015 .