Karl Raichle

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Karl Raichle (born August 31, 1889 in Dettingen unter Teck , † April 16, 1965 in Meersburg ) was a German pewter and metal artist .

Tin objects by Karl Raichle
Object and detail in brass by Karl Raichle

After studying at the Bauhaus in Dessau, Karl Raichle devoted himself to the manufacture of craft vessels made of tin , brass and copper . Raichle lived in Urach (Württemberg) from 1918 to 1932/33 , where he and friends founded a literary-social anarchist group, the Uracher Kreis , locally known as the “Roter Winkel”. From 1933 he built a tin smithy in Meersburg and continued his work as a metal sculptor from there. He was a close friend of Julius Bissier .

Basic orientation through hiking life

After elementary school and an apprenticeship as a coppersmith at the Max Krüger lamp factory in Berlin, he went to Switzerland as a craftsman to a coppersmith's in Geneva, returned to Dettingen and was drafted into the navy in Wilhelmshaven in 1909 and released in 1912. In 1912 he became interested in singing in Stuttgart, then tried his hand at writing.

During the First World War , when the war broke out in 1914, he joined the Navy in Wilhelmshaven , wrote revolutionary books and met Theodor Plivier and Gregor Gog . In November 1918, Raichle took part in the Kiel Sailors' Uprising as a sailor council and was co-editor of the newspaper Die Republik . At the end of November 1918 he moved to Urach with Plivier.

Further development in Urach

House on the Green Way

In 1921/1922 he built a house with his wife and friends in Urach, the house on Grüner Weg , which became a meeting place for left-wing friends. In the basement he set up a workshop for handicraft metalwork. After the premiere of his proletarian play Das Tor des Ostens or the Red Blacksmith in 1925, he became a councilor for the KPD in Urach in December of the same year . In 1926 he began making handicrafts from forged pewter. In the summer semester of 1928 and winter semester of 1928/29 he orientated himself towards the Bauhaus in Dessau.

Urach district

Werkgemeinschaft Urach K. u. E. Raichle

Karl and his wife Elisabeth founded the Urach K. and E. Raichle work group in 1928 . From 1928 to 1931 they employed around four people in an agricultural outbuilding in Urach. They made household items such as candlesticks, vases and tea and coffee sets from forged pewter and not from cast pewter, as was customary up until then. The Grassi Museum in Leipzig bought in 1930 some of his craft utensils.

The Raichle work group in transition

From 1931 to 1933 he created his works for the purpose of creating employment for the local population in a factory in Lützenhardt near Freudenstadt in the Black Forest, today's part of the Black Forest community of Waldachtal . After January 30, 1933 he fled to Kleinmachnow near Berlin and called himself Werkgemeinschaft K. and E. Raichle, Teltow b. Berlin . In March 1933 he sold his Urach property and from there in the summer of 1933 oriented himself to Meersburg on Lake Constance. Karl Raichle took part in the Leipzig spring fair in March 1933.

Meersburg tin smithy Karl Raichle

Grave of Karl Raichle in the Meersburg cemetery

The Meersburg tin smithy existed from 1933 until Raichle's death in 1965. In 1939 it employed twelve people in addition to him and his wife, the workshop brand was r Meersburg . The hand-forged constructivist, modernist pewter tools from the Meersburg tin smiths were considered evidence of German craftsmanship. The manual production and the simple and simple style fit into the National Socialist sense of art. Raichle participated, among other things, with a five-armed chandelier at the Paris World Exhibition of 1937 and was awarded a certificate of honor. After the beginning of the Second World War , he used brass, copper and aluminum as substitutes for tin, which was scarce due to the war. He developed a rare method of fire oxidation for brass and copper. His works were also influenced by the painter Julius Bissier in Hagnau , who was ostracized as degenerate . Even after the Second World War, Raichle attached great importance to perfect form, symmetry and organic shapes.

plant

(excerpts)

A workshop catalog was published by the Meersburg tin smithy . The Bröhan Museum in Berlin-Charlottenburg has published a catalog of modern metal art in which some works are also illustrated and described. Karl Raichle's pewter work is traded in auctions.

  • around 1930: coffee service with coffee pot, sugar bowl and cream jug. Hand-forged pewter, marteleted with horn pommel. Workshop brand r Urach .
  • around 1930: lidded jug . Hand-forged pewter, marteleted. Workshop brand r Urach.
  • around 1930: chandelier . Five-armed, hand-forged pewter, marteleted. Workshop brand r Urach.
  • around 1935: bowl . Hand-forged pewter, marteleted. Workshop brand r Meersburg .
  • around 1935: Wine service with jug, beakers and tray. Hand-forged pewter, marteleted. Workshop brand r Meersburg.
  • before 1938: Bowling set with bowl pot, ladle, cups and tray. Hand-forged pewter, marteleted. Workshop brand r Meersburg.
  • before 1940: vase . Hand-forged pewter, marteleted. Workshop brand r Meersburg.
  • around 1946: Pot with riveted eyelet handles and eyelet knob. Galvanized inside, marteleted. Workshop brand r Meersburg.

Exhibitions

  • Karl Raichle - metal potter. From Urach to Meersburg. Worked from 1929 to 1960, in tin, copper, brass, aluminum. Exhibition from September 16, 1993 to October 30, 1993 in the gallery Auch Weinhandel, 90403 Nuremberg.
  • Metalwork from the 1920s to 1950s. The Giorgio Silzer Collection. June 18, 2011 to October 16, 2011. Museum Kunstpalast in Düsseldorf. (Works by Karl Raichle, Harald Buchdrucker and Hayno Focken )

Awards

His work was awarded.

Auctions

Works by Karl Raichle can be found at art auctions and art deco antique dealers.

literature

  • Xaver Schilling: Meersburger Zinn. In: Bodensee-Rundschau of December 8, 1937.
  • Karl Raichle - metal potter. From Urach to Meersburg. Worked from 1929 to 1960, in tin, copper, brass, aluminum. Exhibition from September 16, 1993 to October 30, 1993 in the gallery Auch Weinhandel, 90403 Nuremberg . Library of the Museum of Arts and Crafts in Hamburg
  • Karl Raichle. In: Modern Metal Art / Bröhan Museum . Derdo von Kerssenbrock-Krosigk. Photos by Martin Adam. Berlin Bröhan Museum, 2001. Inventory catalog of the Bröhan Museum; Vol. 6. ISBN 3-9801525-9-6 . Pp. 268-277.
  • Johannes R. Becher: Praise of Swabia. Swabia in my poem. Constance and Leipzig 1947.
  • Harry Wilde : Theodor Plievier. Zero point of freedom. Munich 1965.
  • Hans-Dieter Mück : Red 'conspiratorial angle' on the Green Path. The 'Uracher Kreis' Karl Raichles: Summer retreat for revolutionaries of the word, 1918–1931. Bad Urach 1991.
  • Kurt Oesterle: Urach, Kanaan, Germany united fatherland. On Johannes R. Becher's political mythology. In: neue deutsche literature, Volume 45, Issue 513, May / June 1997, pp. 155–168.
  • Jens-Fietje Dwars: Abyss of Contradiction. The life of Johannes R. Becher. Berlin: construction, 1998.

Documents

  • Tape record 1960, Becher Archive, Berlin.

Web links

Commons : Karl Raichle  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karl Raichle - metal potters. From Urach to Meersburg. Worked from 1929 to 1960, in tin, copper, brass, aluminum. Exhibition from September 16, 1993 to October 30, 1993 in the gallery Auch Weinhandel, 90403 Nuremberg. P. 13 (Library of the Museum of Arts and Crafts in Hamburg)
  2. ^ Karl Raichle - metal potters. From Urach to Meersburg. Worked from 1929 to 1960, in tin, copper, brass, aluminum. Exhibition from September 16, 1993 to October 30, 1993 in the gallery Auch Weinhandel, 90403 Nuremberg. P. 7–9 (Library of the Museum of Art and Crafts in Hamburg)
  3. ↑ Karl Raichle. In: Modern Metal Art / Bröhan Museum . Derdo von Kerssenbrock-Krosigk. Photos by Martin Adam. Berlin Bröhan Museum, 2001. Inventory catalog of the Bröhan Museum; Vol. 6. ISBN 3-9801525-9-6 . Pp. 268-277.
  4. ^ Karl Raichle - metal potters. From Urach to Meersburg. Worked from 1929 to 1960, in tin, copper, brass, aluminum. Exhibition from September 16, 1993 to October 30, 1993 in the gallery Auch Weinhandel, 90403 Nuremberg. P. 9–10 (Library of the Museum for Art and Crafts in Hamburg)
  5. ↑ Karl Raichle. In: Modern Metal Art / Bröhan Museum . Derdo von Kerssenbrock-Krosigk. Photos by Martin Adam. Berlin Bröhan Museum, 2001. Inventory catalog of the Bröhan Museum; Vol. 6. ISBN 3-9801525-9-6 . Pp. 268-277.
  6. ^ Karl Raichle - metal potters. From Urach to Meersburg. Worked from 1929 to 1960, in tin, copper, brass, aluminum. Exhibition from September 16, 1993 to October 30, 1993 in the gallery Auch Weinhandel, 90403 Nuremberg. P. 10–11 (Library of the Museum for Art and Crafts in Hamburg)
  7. ↑ Karl Raichle. In: Modern Metal Art / Bröhan Museum . Derdo von Kerssenbrock-Krosigk. Photos by Martin Adam. Berlin Bröhan Museum, 2001. Inventory catalog of the Bröhan Museum; Vol. 6. ISBN 3-9801525-9-6 . Pp. 268-277.
  8. ↑ Museumsverein Meersburg (ed.): Meersburg under the swastika 1933-1945 . Robert Gessler Friedrichshafen, Meersburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86136-164-0 , pp. 185,186.
  9. ^ Museum Kunstpalast Düsseldorf: Metalwork from the 1920s to 1950s.
  10. ^ Karl Raichle - metal potters. From Urach to Meersburg. Worked from 1929 to 1960, in tin, copper, brass, aluminum. Exhibition from September 16, 1993 to October 30, 1993 in the gallery Auch Weinhandel, 90403 Nuremberg. Pp. 11–13 (library of the Museum of Art and Crafts in Hamburg)
  11. ↑ Modern Metal Art , inventory catalog of the Bröhan Museum Berlin 2001.
  12. ↑ Karl Raichle. In: Modern Metal Art / Bröhan Museum . Derdo von Kerssenbrock-Krosigk. Photos by Martin Adam. Berlin Bröhan Museum, 2001. Inventory catalog of the Bröhan Museum; Vol. 6. ISBN 3-9801525-9-6 . Pp. 268-277.
  13. ^ Meersburg tin smithy Karl Raichle . Meersburg (Lake Constance). Workshop catalog, Meersburg undated (around 1937/38), mentioned in Modern Metal Art / Bröhan Museum.
  14. ↑ Karl Raichle. In: Modern Metal Art / Bröhan Museum . Derdo von Kerssenbrock-Krosigk. Photos by Martin Adam. Berlin Bröhan Museum, 2001. Inventory catalog of the Bröhan Museum; Vol. 6. ISBN 3-9801525-9-6 . Pp. 268-277.
  15. ^ Works by Karl Raichle on artnet.com
  16. ^ Museum Kunstpalast Düsseldorf: Metalwork from the 1920s to 1950s.
  17. ^ Karl Raichle - metal potters. From Urach to Meersburg. Worked from 1929 to 1960, in tin, copper, brass, aluminum. Exhibition from September 16, 1993 to October 30, 1993 in the gallery Auch Weinhandel, 90403 Nuremberg. Pp. 11–13 (library of the Museum of Art and Crafts in Hamburg)
  18. ^ Works by Karl Raichle at art auctions
personal data
SURNAME Raichle, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German tin smith and metal artist
DATE OF BIRTH August 31, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Dettingen under Teck
DATE OF DEATH April 16, 1965
Place of death Meersburg