Karlheinz Martin

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Karlheinz Martin, 1945

Karlheinz Martin (also: Karl Heinz Martin , often abbreviated KH Martin , actually: Karl Joseph Gottfried Martin) (born May 6, 1886 in Freiburg im Breisgau ; † January 13, 1948 in Berlin ) was a German theater director and from 1919 to 1939 also active as a film director and screenwriter .

theatre

Karlheinz Martin began his theater career in 1904 as an actor in Kassel . His next stops were Naumburg , Hanover and Mannheim . In 1909 he directed the summer theater in Bad Schandau for the first time. He then went to Frankfurt am Main , where he headed the Komödienhaus for three years. He then moved to the Schauspielhaus , where he was the driving artistic force in the following years. He staged Molière and Shakespeare cycles and helped stage expressionism to breakthrough with his performances, such as by Bürger Schippel ( Carl Sternheim ) in 1915 .

In 1919 he co-founded the avant-garde theater Die Tribüne in Berlin , where he staged Ernst Toller's play Die Wandlung with great success .

He also worked at the Kleiner Schauspielhaus in Berlin, the Wiener Volkstheater and Raimundtheater , the Deutsches Künstlertheater Berlin , the Theater am Nollendorfplatz , the Berliner Volksbühne , of which he was artistic director from 1929 to 1932, and the Kammerspiele of the German Theater, Berlin . As a theater director, Martin was banned from working under the Nazi regime until 1940, so that he turned more to work for film. From 1940 he directed as a guest director at the Münchner Kammerspiele and at the Berlin Schillertheater .

Honorary grave of Karlheinz Martin in the Heerstrasse cemetery in Berlin-Westend

After the end of the Second World War he made a contribution to rebuilding theater work. On August 15, 1945, he reopened the Berlin Hebbel Theater with Brecht's Threepenny Opera , after which he brought out some world premieres: the German première by Friedrich Wolf's Professor Mamlock , the world première of Günther Weisenborn's Illegalen and the world première of Georg Kaiser's soldier Tanaka . Martin, who was also staging at the Renaissance Theater , directed the Hebbel Theater until his death.

Karlheinz Martin died in Berlin in January 1948 at the age of 61. His final resting place is a hereditary burial in the state-owned cemetery Heerstraße in Berlin-Westend . His partner, the set and costume designer Ita Maximowna , was buried next to him in 1988. By resolution of the Berlin Senate , the last resting place of Karlheinz Martin (grave location: II-Erb.-31) has been dedicated as an honorary grave of the State of Berlin since 1973 . The dedication was extended in 1999 by the now usual period of twenty years.

Movie

Since 1919, Martin also worked in films. His most important contribution was the expressionist film From morning to midnight (1920) based on the play of the same name by Georg Kaiser . The decorations are painted with distorted white lines and the background is covered with black walls. With the actors acting in a stylized manner before, Martin created one of the purest works of expressionism in film. The film was not distributed at the time and was probably only shown in a few German cinemas. A copy of the film was later found in Japan.

In 1931 Martin wrote the screenplay for Phil Jutzi's Berlin - Alexanderplatz together with Alfred Döblin . While he was only allowed to work in the theater sporadically after 1933, he made some undemanding entertainment films.

Karl-Heinz Martin made it possible for persecuted artists, such as the famous dancer and anti-fascist Jean Weidt , to flee Germany during the Nazi regime . Weidt became the most successful dancer and choreographer of modern French dance in France. Due to his commitment to persecuted artist colleagues, Martin only received insignificant directorial work from the UFA.

In the 1930s Karlheinz Martin was temporarily married to the Austrian actress Rose Stradner .

Filmography

  • 1920: From morning to midnight (also script)
  • 1920: The change
  • 1921: Das Haus zum Mond (also screenplay)
  • 1921: The Pearl of the Orient (also screenplay)
  • 1931: Berlin - Alexanderplatz (dialogue director)
  • 1934: La Paloma
  • 1935: Punks comes from America
  • 1935: Attack on Schweda
  • 1936: The adventurer of Paris
  • 1936: You are my luck
  • 1937: The happiest marriage in the world / The happiest marriage in Vienna
  • 1937: millionaires
  • 1937: address unknown
  • 1937: The voice of the heart
  • 1938: Concert in Tyrol
  • 1938: The jumping jack
  • 1939: Suspicion of Ursula

literature

Web links

Commons : Karlheinz Martin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 . P. 491.
  2. ↑ Honorary graves of the State of Berlin (as of November 2018) . (PDF, 413 kB) Senate Department for the Environment, Transport and Climate Protection, p. 55; accessed on November 13, 2019. Submission - for information - about the recognition and further preservation of graves of well-known and deserving personalities as honorary graves in Berlin . (PDF) Berlin House of Representatives, printed matter 13/4050 of 23 August 1999, p. 3; accessed on November 13, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Martin, Karlheinz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gottfried, Karl Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German director and screenwriter
DATE OF BIRTH May 6, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Freiburg in Breisgau
DATE OF DEATH January 13, 1948
Place of death Berlin