Kavachi

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Kavachi
Eruption of Kavachi on May 14, 2000.

Eruption of Kavachi on May 14, 2000.

height 20 m below sea level
location New Georgia Archipelago , Solomon Islands
Coordinates 9 ° 1 ′ 0 ″  S , 157 ° 57 ′ 0 ″  E Coordinates: 9 ° 1 ′ 0 ″  S , 157 ° 57 ′ 0 ″  E
Kavachi (Solomon Islands)
Kavachi
Type submarine volcano
Last eruption January 2014

The Kavachi is a volcano in the New Georgia Archipelago and is therefore administratively part of the Western Province of the Melanesian island state of Solomon Islands . It is located in the Solomon Sea , about 28 kilometers south of the island of Vangunu , and its summit is currently almost 20 meters below sea level - so at the moment it can be referred to as a submarine volcano . It was formed as part of an island arc as a result of the subduction of the small Woodlark plate (a microplate ) under the Pacific plate and belongs to the Pacific ring of fire . It was named after a sea god of the indigenous people of Vangunu and Gatokae . Sometimes it is also called Rejo te Kavachi ( de .: "Kavachi's oven"). In May 2000, the coordinates of the Kavachi were - considered one of the most active submarine volcanoes in the southwestern Pacific Ocean is considered - by an international team of scientists aboard the CSIRO - research vessel Franklin first determined exactly. It turned out that the volcano had grown rapidly since the last investigations in 1984.

The Kavachi initially grew as an almost conical submarine volcano from a depth of about 1.15 kilometers and broke through the water surface in late April 1939 in the course of Surtseyan eruptions . The residents of the islands of Vangunu and Gatokae had previously reported "fire on the water", which could indicate earlier activities. Since then he has produced several islands, some of which reached a height of 20 meters and a length of one kilometer. However, these islands were all very short-lived and were always quickly eroded by the surf . As a result of direct contact with water, the Kavachi eruptions are usually accompanied by massive phreatomagmatic explosions . Basaltic - andesitic lavas are funded and lava flows have also been observed on the islands. An eruption in 1951 triggered a small tsunami .

See also

  • Columbus - formed in 1650 by a Surtseyan eruption
  • Ferdinandea - was created in 1831 by a Surtseyan eruption
  • Capelinhos - formed in 1957 by a Surtseyan eruption
  • Surtsey - formed in 1963 by a Surtseyan eruption
  • Nishinoshima - experienced in 1973/1974 and from 2013 expansions due to Surtseyan eruptions
  • Zubair Archipelago - New islands were created there in 2011–2014 by the Surtseyan eruptions
  • Home Reef - formed at irregular intervals by Surtseyan eruptions

literature

Essays

  • Baker, ET et al. : Observations and sampling of an ongoing subsurface eruption of Kavachi volcano, Solomon Islands, May 2000 . In: Geology , Vol. 30, № 11, November 2002, pages 975-978.

Contributions to edited volumes

  • Dunkley, PM: Volcanism and the evolution of the ensimatic Solomon Islands Arc . In: Shimozuro, D. / Yokoyama, I. ( Eds. ): Arc Volcanism. Physics and Tectonics . Springer Science + Business Media , Tokyo , 1983, ISBN 978-90-277-1612-5 , pages 225-241.
  • Johnson, RW / Tuni, D .: Kavachi - an active forearc volcano in the western Solomon Islands. Reported eruptions between 1950 and 1982 . In: Taylor, B. / Exon, NF ( Eds. ): Marine Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry of the Woodlark Basin-Solomon Islands . In the series: Earth Science Series , Volume 7, Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Houston , 1987, ISBN 978-0-933687-07-3 , pages 89-112.

Unpublished

  • Okrugin, VM: Information note on the results of the 7th cruise of the R / V 'Vulcanolog' in the vicinity of the Solomon Islands . Solomon Islands Geological Diversity File Report, 1985.
  • Petterson, MG / Wallace, S. / Tolia, D .: Explosive Surtseyan eruptions from Kavachi, Solomon Islands in 1961, 1970, 1976, 1991, 1998, and 1999 . Manuscript, 2001, eight pages.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kavachi in the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution (English)
  2. ↑ Information about the Kavachi on the volcano homepage of Oregon State University , accessed on volcano.oregonstate.edu ( Oregon State University ) on July 27, 2017.
  3. ^ Fiery birth of new Pacific Island . CSIRO press release of May 24, 2000. Retrieved from web.archive.org ( Internet Archive ) on July 27, 2017.
  4. ↑ This is how an island is created . On January 25, 2011 on 20min.ch ( 20 minutes ). Retrieved July 27, 2017.