Kienberg (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the Kienberg in the Zurich coat of arms roll (approx. 1340)

The family of the Lords von Kienberg had their ancestral seat in today's village of Kienberg SO . There is evidence of a castle with this name for the 13th century. Her rule included ownership and rights in the villages of Kienberg north and Erlinsbach AG and Küttigen south of the Jura crossing over the Salhöhe . In the wake of the Counts of Habsburg , they tried to cross this pass with a height of 779  m above sea level. M. to set up a kind of Jura saddle rule.

history

The Kienberg appear for the first time in 1173 in a privilege of the Staufer Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa for the Beromünster Abbey . A Vlricus and a Hartmannus de Chienberh are listed as witnesses. In 1240 Heinrich I von Kienberg was in a feud with Count Hermann IV von Frohburg . Despite the support of two knights from the Hallwyl family , his castle was destroyed, and he and his party had to swear an original feud . In addition, his loyal followers had to undertake to be held hostage in Liestal , in the town of Frohburg , if he was not to keep the agreement.

Knight Jakob von Kienberg (mentioned from 1276; † after 1298) was Ministeriale of the Habsburgs. A document dated October 19, 1276 proves this, because he received the Kienberg Castle as a fief from Count Hartmann von Habsburg . The fiefdom included various farms in Kienberg itself, farms in Erlinsbach, Küttigen, Wölflinswil , Wittnau AG , Stein AG , Zeiningen , Magden , and other goods in the Fricktal . In addition to his ancestral seat in Kienberg, Jakob received permission from King Rudolf I of Habsburg in 1277 to build Königstein Castle on the Allmendland of Küttigen. The castle was first mentioned in 1279 as Kiungestein ; However, archaeological finds indicate that it was built around 100 years earlier.

Jakob was brought to court in 1278 by the Beromünster Abbey because he had abused his bailiff's rights over abbey property in Küttigen. On December 16, 1281, a court of arbitration judged it, with his brother-in-law Ulrich II von Grünenberg guaranteeing him. Jakob was married to Ulrich's sister Anna I von Grünenberg. As the successor to the knight Ulrich I. von Bubenberg , Jakob von Kienberg was elected mayor of Bern in 1293 . He held this office until Easter 1298.

In the village of Kienberg high and low jurisdiction as well as the church set were the property of Einsiedeln Monastery , which had received these rights in 1070 from Count Rudolf von Rheinfelden , the Duke of Swabia . Hartmann III received these rights. von Kienberg, mentioned from 1272 to 1305, from the hermit castvogt over Kienberg, King Albrecht I of Habsburg , 1303 as a fief. As followers of the Counts of Frohburg and later of the Counts of Habsburg, the Kienberg had a conglomerate of various domination, property and usage rights north and south of the Jura in their hands towards the end of the 13th and beginning of the 14th century. They controlled the three passes Schafmatt , Salhöhe and Benkerjoch and thus created a small “Jura saddle state”.

The castle and the rule of Kienberg were pledged variously in the course of the 14th century and came to Petermann von Heidegg in 1398 . Another branch of the Kienberg family settled in Laufenburg AG . Both this and the branches in Rheinfelden and Bern died out in the early 15th century. A family of rural origin bears the name Kienberg (er).

Kienberg-Koenigstein branch

Hartmann III. von Kienberg had his seat at Königstein Castle. The descendants of Hartmann III. named themselves from 1312 after this castle, which was divided as an imperial fief from the middle of the 14th century between the two branches of the family Kienberg and Kienberg-Königstein and thus became a Ganerbeburg . A legal dispute is documented for the year 1360, which the two branches of the family led because of their castle shares. A little later, the two families no longer lived on Königstein, but moved to the cities of Aarau and Rheinfelden AG . In 1417 they sold the castle with the associated goods, rights and people to the city of Aarau and settled in Lucerne , where the family can be traced for the last time in 1517.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Lords of Kienberg is included in the Zurich coat of arms roll (around 1330/1340).

Blazon : shield of black and gold divided diagonally, with an oblique left silver bar on top. On the helmet a black buffalo horn (or Phrygian cap ) bent forward , with ten silver cards on the back. The helmet covers are black on the outside and golden on the inside. As a crest, a black pointed hat topped with gold, studded with gold balls, was represented, topped with gold feathers.

The coat of arms is still used today by two communities in the former territory of the Kienberg: Kienberg and Küttigen . The municipality of Anwil carries their colors.

  • Coat of arms of the municipality of Kienberg SO.

  • Coat of arms of the municipality of Küttigen.

  • Coat of arms of the municipality of Anwil.

people

  • Jakob (mentioned from 1276; † after 1298), knight, 1293 to 1298 mayor of the city of Bern
  • Peter von Kienberg, Komtur zu Münchenbuchsee 1340–1349
  • Hartmann III. (mentioned 1272–1305), Ministerial of the Counts of Habsburg
  • Johann (mentioned 1325–1336), also called by Wiesenberg, Begarde, origin from the family of the Lords of Kienberg uncertain

literature

  • August Bickel: Johans the I of Hallwil and his time, The Lords of Hallwil in the 12th and 13th centuries . With pictures and explanations of the ring saga. In: Historical Association Seetal (Hrsg.): Local history from the Seetal . tape 45 . Seengen 1972.
  • Martin Illi: Kienberg, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • August Plüss: The Barons von Grünenberg in Kleinburgund, inaugural dissertation to obtain a doctorate submitted to the high philosophical faculty of the University of Bern . In: Archives of the Historical Association of the Canton of Bern . tape XVI , booklet 1.Stämpfli, Bern 1900.
  • (Erlinsbach -) Breitmis - Kienberg; Salhöhe . In: Inventory of historical traffic routes in Switzerland, IVS Documentation Canton Aargau . No. 1165 (as of December 1995).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c IVS documentation canton Aargau 1165.
  2. ↑ Bickel 1972: pp. 19-20.
  3. ↑ demmler.ch: Gipf-Oberfrick in its history ( Memento from April 12, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ Canton Aargau.ch: Königstein Castle Ruins (Küttigen) ( Memento from March 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 1.1MB), accessed December 1, 2009.
  5. ↑ Plüss 1900: pp. 37, 52 Note 1.
  6. ↑ a b Martin Illi: Kienberg, von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  7. ^ Pusikan: The heroes of Sempach. 1386-1886 . Hofer & Burger, Zurich 1886.
  8. ↑ Martin Illi: Kienberg, Johann von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .