Lappienen Church
| Church Lappienen (Church Alt Lappienen / Rauterskirch) Кирха Альт Ляппинена |
|
|---|---|
| Construction year: | 1675 to 1703 |
| Inauguration: | June 24, 1703 |
| Builder : | Philipp de la Chièza / Catherine de la Chièza |
| Style elements : | Octagon , Byzantine architecture |
| Client: | Evangelical parish of Lappienen in Alt Lappienen ( church province of East Prussia , Church of the Old Prussian Union ) |
| Location: | 55 ° 5 '40 " N , 21 ° 25' 4" E |
| Location: |
Bolschije Bereschki Kaliningrad , Russia |
| Purpose: | Evangelical Lutheran Parish Church |
| Local community: | Not available anymore. The church ruins are no longer in the possession of the church |
The Lappienen church in the former East Prussian village of Alt Lappienen (the place was called Rauterskirch between 1938 and 1946 ) is an octagonal brick building on a field stone foundation from the turn of the 17th to the 18th century. Until 1945 it was a Protestant church for the residents in the parish of what is now called Bolschije Bereschki in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad ( Koenigsberg region (Prussia) ).
Geographical location
Bolschije Bereschki is located on the east bank of the Gilge (Russian: Matrossowka), 18 kilometers northwest of the district town of Slavsk (Heinrichswalde) and can be reached via secondary roads. On the opposite bank is Malyje Bereschki (Neu Lappienen , 1938 to 1946 Rautersdorf) , to which there is no bridge connection. A rail connection is no longer present, since the narrow-gauge railway line Brittanien-Seckenburg (Great) of lowland train was taken out of service (from 1939 "Elchniederungsbahn").
The location of the church is in the northeast of the settlement Bolschije Bereschki within the rural community Timirjasewo (Neukirch) . Today only ruins can be seen of the church.
Church building
The Lappienen Church was built between 1675 and 1703 according to the plans of the general builder by the Great Elector , Philipp de la Chièza . The first designs for the Potsdam City Palace came from him . After his death in 1679, his widow Katharina de la Chièza, born in Rautenburg (Russian: Malinowka, no longer exists), continued the building project.
The low octagonal plastered brick building had a high tent roof with a lantern . It was founded on a field stone foundation and was expanded through several additions.
The vault of the artistically designed interior rested on stucco-clad wooden columns . Subsequently were galleries confiscated. The pulpit altar dates from 1701 . According to tradition, the carvings on it are said to have been of the Venetian style. Such carvings were also found on the case of the organ , which was built in the same year by master organ builder Johann Josua Mosengel in Königsberg (Prussia) . The church bell consisted of two bells cast in 1670 and 1761 respectively.
In 1807 French troops passed through the area and broke into the church and rectory in Alt Lappienen. They took the abundant silver church utensils as booty.
The unmistakable Byzantine architectural style of the church shows parallels to the Marekerk in Leiden and also to the Church of San Vitale in Ravenna , which probably served as models. The neighboring churches of Inse (today Russian: Pritschaly ) and Skören ( Gorodkowo ) were probably built according to similar plans.
In the eastern extension of the church there was a grave vault in which the Rautenburg rule (the place further south and no longer existed belonged to the parish, its owners held the church patronage until 1945 ) until 1928. When this room was needed for the church heating, the coffins were given a new burial site in the cemetery next to the church. Above the grave vault one at the east gable was sculpture from sandstone appropriate to a knight depicted with his family. This picture was widely praised and is said to have been obtained from Courland .
The church Lappienen was considered to be the most important church in the Niederung district in terms of art history (Elchniederung).
The church initially survived the Second World War unscathed. But then it was used as a grain store and deteriorated due to lack of maintenance. When lightning struck the building in 1975, it burned down to the surrounding walls. Efforts have been made since 1996 to preserve the remains of the church. The Elchniederung home district community took the initiative in 2004 and, with the help of local volunteers, freed the building from rubble and carried out restorative measures. In 2005, for the first time since the war, a service could be celebrated inside the - still roofless - church. Since then, people from the parish of Lappienen and now living here have regularly been involved.
Parish
The Protestant parish of Lappienen was founded in 1664. As early as 1667 she was given her own pastorate. The patronage was aristocratic and subordinate to the Rautenburg rule. The parish comprised more than 40 towns and places to live and in 1925 had almost 5,000 parish members. At the beginning of the inspection Tilsit (Russian: Sowetsk) it was part of the church district Niederung (Elchniederung) within the church province of East Prussia of the Old Prussian Union until 1945 . In 1890 the parish of Groß Kryszahnen / Seckenburg was separated from that of the Lappienen church and made independent.
Flight and expulsion of the local population in connection with the Second World War brought church life in the parish area to a standstill.
Today all but four of the parish towns have disappeared. The old church village, now called Bolschije Bereschki, is now in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran parish in Slavsk (Heinrichswalde) , which was newly established in the 1990s, with the parish seat for the church region of the same name in the provostry of Kaliningrad (Königsberg) of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Parish places
Until 1945, the parish of Lappienen consisted of 46 towns, villages and places to live:
| Place name | Change name from 1938 to 1946 |
Russian name | Place name | Change name from 1938 to 1946 |
Russian name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahlgarten | * Must pages | Eschenberg | Slavyanskoye | |||
| Old Lappienen | Rauterskirch | Bolshiye Bereschki | New Lappienen | Rautersdorf | Malyje Bereschki | |
| Old Schemeiten | Kleinschönwiese | Sedlowinka | New Norwegian | Altdümpelkrug | ||
| At the Ulpesch | from 1929: Tranatenberg | New schema pages | Neuschönwiese | |||
| * Andreischken | Nassenfelde | Krutoye | Neuhof-Reatischken | Budeweg | Aisty | |
| Wooden yard | Norwegian | Mill masters | Divnoye | |||
| Dannenberg | Cholmistoye (?) | * Norwish sites | Swan Lake | |||
| * Degimming | from 1934: Brandenburg | * Oszugarn | from 1936: Rehwalde | Schumnoje | ||
| Ellernbruch | Uzlovaya | * Packuss | Kussenberg | Sirokoje | ||
| Endreischken | Endern | Raging | Klyuchevoye | |||
| Count Prudimmen | Erlenrode | Prudki | * Rautenburg | Malinovka | ||
| Great Krauleiden | Großheidenstein | Bolshoye Khrustalnoye | Rogainen | Schljusnoye | ||
| Big Lappienen | Rothhof | |||||
| Hohenberge | Utinoje | Move | Ruckenhagen | Kurgan | ||
| Iwenberg | Schackwiese | Perch | ||||
| Johanns-Eszer | from 1929: Birkenheim | Komissarovo | Sharkus-Tawell | Iwenheide | ||
| * Joneiten | Gilgenfeld | Schönwiese | Verkhovka | |||
| Call waves | Old Iwenberg | Polyanskoye | Flakes | Dandruff | Sabolotnoye | |
| Karlsdorf | Gribojedowo | Forest castle | Lesnoye | |||
| * Kiauken | Waiting field | Solomovo | Warskillen | |||
| Little Krauleiden | Kleinheidenstein | Khrustalnoye | Warsze ad Gilge | from 1936: Warsche | ||
| Königlich Prudimmen, from 1930: Klein Prudimmen |
Kleinerlenrode | Warsze | from 1936: Warsche | Kirillovo | ||
| * Trimming | Small mountains | Kulikowka | Warszlauken, from 1936: Warschlauken |
Warschfelde | Dolinnoje |
Pastor
Between 1667 and 1945 Lappienen officiated as Protestant clergy at the church:
|
literature
- Reinecker: The church in Lappienen . In: Heimat-Jahrbuch for the Niederung district , 1/1933
Individual evidence
- ↑ Кирха Альт Ляппинен - Church Alt Lappienen at prussia39.ru - with historical and current photo of the church or ruin
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen, 1958, pages 93–94, figs. 384–386
- ^ A b Peter Westphal, Rauterskirch parish
- ↑ a b c Bolschije Bereschki - Alt Lappienen / Rauterskirch at ostpreussen.net
- ^ A b Walther Hubatsch, History of the Evangelical Church in East Prussia , Volume 3: Documents , Göttingen, 1968, page 483
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ * = school location
- ↑ Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Protestant Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg, 1968, page 82
