Zinnowitz Church

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The Zinnowitz Church is a church building from the end of the 19th century in Zinnowitz in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .

Church in Zinnowitz (2011)

history

Today's Zinnowitz was founded in 1750 by King Frederick II the Great near the settlement of Tzys (Zitz). As early as 1309, this old place is mentioned as a gift from Duke Bogislaw IV among the possessions of the Krummin Monastery . Zitz was south of today's Zinnowitz, on Acker Alt-Sitz , today's cemetery.

In the years 1495 and 1496 there is evidence of a chapel in Zitz, which was dedicated to Maria, the Queen of Heaven . It was on the so-called Marienberg , a hill on the east side of the Zisberg. From this hill you have a good overview of the backwaters and can easily see the road to Koserow . The location of the chapel made its importance as a coastal station for the lagoon fishery clear. The chapel can be documented in 1496 as a way station for the island of Usedom and especially as a place of pilgrimage. Here, too, the chroniclers of the 16th century tell a story about a custom of the rural population that is obviously related to this chapel. According to this, the farmers are said to have lit the three kings with candles and lights at night on Epiphany. This was only forbidden by the first Evangelical Duke Philip I after the Reformation. After the Marienkapelle belonging to the Krummin monastery was abolished with the abolition of Catholic customs around 1560, it is no longer mentioned in the visitation carried out in 1581 .

Today the seaside resort Zinnowitz is one of the most famous seaside resorts on the island of Usedom.

Building history

With the development of Zinnowitz into a seaside resort from 1880, the growing parish needed its own church. The building site on a hill in the village was given to the community by the Berlin State Secretary von Jacobi. A construction committee was set up to finance the project, which endeavored to collect donations. 66,000 marks came together through donations and the provincial church, the Prussian state participated with a gift of 8,000 marks. The building plans came from the architects Franck and Hoßfeld from Berlin. The builder Ramm was from Zinnowitz. Construction began on April 19, 1894, the foundation stone was laid on July 15, 1894. After a year of construction, the church was completed on July 1, 1895 and was inaugurated on July 16, 1895.

Donations made it possible to bring two new bells into the tower in 1955 and renovate the interior. A comprehensive interior restoration then took place from 1980 to 1983. After a sponge renovation, the entire church roof and tower were re-covered with copper by 1990. In 1997 a heater could be installed.

Today the church building belongs to the Evangelical Church, but without any land.

The outer

The neo-Gothic brick building with drawn-in five-sided choir closure and rectangular west tower was erected in 1895. The towering tower with the recessed extensions is flanked by two stair turrets. The north and south sides of the tower are provided with triangular gables.

The main entrance at the west portal is a large, pointed arched entrance portal with columns in the reveal, archivolts in the arch and gable architecture above. The round glare field with symmetrically arranged large and small oculi crowns the entrance on the tower front. The long sides of the nave are divided into equally sized sections with two-part pointed arched windows by four stepped buttresses. The choir is surrounded by buttresses, the intermediate fields are provided with three two-part pointed arched windows. The east gable of the nave with its staggered pointed arches concretes the choir apse. There are rectangular extensions on both sides of the choir.

With its regular brickwork, the Zinnowitz Church proves to be a building from the 19th century, which has been adapted to the tradition of regional brick Gothic.

The inner

The small anteroom in the basement of the tower is followed by a wide hall as a long house. On an axis with the entrance, the choir apse opens with a huge pointed arch that leads through its rich and colorful profile to the wooden ceiling. The interior is closed with a trapezoidal wooden ceiling broken on four sides. Their wooden construction with tongs and hanging columns and the ceiling beams dominate the overall impression of the room with the surrounding galleries, which are also made of wood. The plastered interior walls are whitewashed. The window frames with the blinds, the masonry ribs and the frames of the triumphal arch are kept brick-transparent.

The Zinnowitz Church has a uniform interior from the 19th century. The few pieces are set up in the choir area . The simple altar mess hall is adapted to the spatial concept thanks to its brick structure. The wooden cross shows Christ crucified and is provided with the evangelist symbols on the arms of the cross.

pulpit

To the left of the choir arch is the pulpit with the hexagonal pulpit over a high pulpit foot. The ornamentation in the fields of the basket as well as the basket edges with carved hanging knobs correspond to the Gothicizing design principles of the 19th century.

Baptismal font

The base of the baptismal font standing on the right in front of the apse is bricked with the lowest choir step in a bond. The eight-sided cup is drawn in at the bottom and has a strongly profiled upper edge. Four squat columns with accentuated bases and capitals serve as the shaft.

organ

The mechanical organ was made in 1895 by the brothers Oswald and Paul Dinse , organ builders from Berlin-Kreuzberg. In 1958 it was overhauled and redesigned by the Szczecin organ builder Barnim Grüneberg . Another renovation took place in 1983 by Schuster and Son from Zittau . The organ builder Wolter from Elmshorn carried out a general overhaul in 1993. After the extension, the organ consists of 11 registers , 2 manuals and a pedal . It has a reed register, the oboe was built in instead of the cymbal.

The front side of the organ was architecturally designed as part of the interior and incorporated into the room decoration. The prospectus is divided into two parts and placed in front of the large pointed arch that opens up to the top floor of the tower. The center is left open in the assembly. In this way, the light can enter the interior through the glazed oculi group.

Stained glass window

The three choir windows are the only brightly colored accents in the interior. The windows in the chancel and on the sides are in two parts, each with a round window above the lanes under ogival arches.

The glass painting equipment took place during the construction period.

Ornamentally designed panes decorate the upper round windows. The two lower panels of the choir apex window are provided with scenic representations. On the left is Christ with the cry for help on the writing LORD, help me! depicted on the right is Peter sinking into the Sea of ​​Galilee with the answer O, you of little faith. In terms of content, the two representations belong together and reflect the New Testament scene of Jesus' walk on the water. The side chancel windows are designed as diamond-shaped glazing with a surrounding leaf and flower border, the round windows as a color variation of the central window, as are the windows in the nave.

The west rosette is decorated with three oculi in the spandrels. In the inner ring, set off by staggered marginal strips, a six-pass rosette appears on a red background with blooming flowers in the arches. Under the outer pass bows you can see blossoms and leaves of the passion flower in grisaille painting .

The glass paintings are in a good state of preservation after they have been partially re-leaded and supplemented by master glazier Heinz Kuhl from Züssow .

Bells

A bronze bell has been preserved from the time it was built. Two bells were melted down for purposes of war in both world wars, including the two bells that were cast in 1925. In 1955 two new cast steel bells were purchased.

local community

The evangelical parish Krummin - Karlshagen - Zinnowitz with parish seat in Zinnowitz has been part of the Pasewalk provost in the Pomeranian Evangelical Church District of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany since 2012 . Zinnowitz was looked after by the Krummin Church until 1926 and only received its own pastorate in 1927. From 1946 to 1974 Zinnowitz was the seat of the superintendent of the church district of Usedom. From 1979, the previously independent pastoral office in Netzelkow with Lütow and Neuendorf on the neighboring Gnitz peninsula was added.

The parish Zinnowitz includes the places Zinnowitz (with church), Lütow, Netzelkow (with St. Marien), Neuendorf, Krummin (with St. Michel), Karlshagen (with church), Bannemin, Mölschow, Neeberg, Peenemünde (with chapel), Sauzin, Trassenheide, Zecherin and Ziemitz.

literature

  • Robert Burkhardt: History of Zinnowitz (Seebad). Zinnowitz 1909.
  • Norbert Buske : Two medieval sanctuaries on the island of Usedom. Hamburg 1975, In: Baltic Studies. NF 61.
  • Karin Hösch: Zinnowitz. Passau 1994, ISBN 3-930102-34-X , pp. 2-10.
  • State Office for Monument Preservation Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Western Pomerania coastal region. Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-89487-222-5 , pp. 378-379.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03081-6 , pp. 728-79.
  • Reinhard Kuhl: 19th century stained glass, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Leipzig 2001, ISBN 3-361-00536-1 , pp. 233-234.
  • Dirk Schleinert : The history of the island of Usedom. Rostock 2005, ISBN 3-356-01081-6 .
  • Brigitte Metz: Churches on Usedom and their history since Otto von Bamberg 1128. Usedom 2009, ISBN 978-3-937040-23-3 , pp. 75–76.

Web links

Commons : Kirche Zinnowitz  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ PUB 4 Section 2, No. 2453.
  2. ↑ Norbert Buske: Two medieval sanctuaries on the island of Usedom. The Chapel of the Queen of Heaven near Zinnowitz. 1975, p. 35.
  3. ↑ Swedish state registers in the Greifswald State Archives Rep. 44, Vol. 49, p. 678.
  4. ↑ Dirk Schleinert: Monasteries and churches up to the Reformation. In: The history of the island of Usedom. 2005, p. 43.
  5. ↑ Norbert Buske: Two medieval sanctuaries on the island of Usedom. The Chapel of the Queen of Heaven near Zinnowitz. 1975, p. 37.
  6. ^ Brigitte Metz: Churches on Usedom. 2009, p. 75.
  7. ↑ Architectural and art monuments in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Western Pomerania coastal region. 1995, pp. 378-379.
  8. ^ Karin Hösch: Zinnowitz. 1994, pp. 5-6.
  9. ↑ a b Karin Hösch: Zinnowitz. 1994, p. 6.
  10. ^ Karin Hösch: Zinnowitz. 1994, p. 7.
  11. ↑ Reinhard Kuhl: Zinnowitz, ev. Church. In: 19th century stained glass. 2001, p. 234.

Coordinates: 54 ° 4 ′ 37 ″  N , 13 ° 54 ′ 41 ″  E