Little water lily

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Little water lily
Lumme (Nymphaea candida) .JPG

Little water lily ( Nymphaea candida )

Systematics
Order : Water lilies (Nymphaeales)
Family : Water lily family (Nymphaeaceae)
Subfamily : Nymphaeoideae
Genre : Water lilies ( nymphaea )
Subgenus : Nymphaea
Type : Little water lily
Scientific name
Nymphaea candida
J. Presl & C. Presl

The small or shiny water lily ( Nymphaea candida ) is a species of water lily ( Nymphaea ) in the family of the water lily plants (Nymphaeaceae). It is widespread in Eurasia .

description

Illustration from Bilder ur Nordens Flora

The small water lily is a perennial herbaceous plant . This aquatic plant forms unbranched rhizomes . The leaf stalks reach growth lengths of 30 to 100, rarely up to 160 centimeters. There are relatively large floating leaves. The basal lobes of the floating leaves have a curved main nerve. The shield-shaped leaf blade is 10 to 25 cm long. The leaf margins are smooth.

The flooding, isolated, hermaphrodite, flower is radial symmetry with a diameter of 7 to 9 centimeters . The flower base is square. The green sepals are 3 to 5 cm long. The 20 to 25 white petals are 3 to 5.5 cm long. The stamens of the inner stamens are lanceolate and broadest. The carpels are completely fused. The scar disc is concave, six to 14-rayed and much narrower than the ovary . The flowering period extends from June to August.

The berry-like fruit, which opens in irregular parts, is hemispherical with a diameter of 2.5 to 3 centimeters and contains many seeds. The smooth seeds are ellipsoidal with a diameter of 3 to 4 millimeters.

The number of chromosomes is n = about 80, 2n = 112 or 160.

Occurrence

The small water lily is a Euro-Siberian floral element . It occurs in Europe westward and northward to Scandinavia and the Rhine region ( Alsace-Lorraine and the Palatinate ) and southward to the Lake Constance region , to Salzburg and Styria. To the east, the distribution area extends to southwest Asia into the Lake Baikal area , Kazakhstan , Siberia , Kashmir and Xinjiang . The distribution area includes the countries France, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Czech Republic, Poland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, European Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Croatia, Romania, Siberia, Armenia, Georgia , Kazakhstan, Jammu and Kashmir and Xinjiang. The species became extinct in Austria.

It usually does not form pure stocks in Central Europe . There it occurs sporadically in Altmark and in the Franconian Forest as well as in Salzburg and Styria . The small water lily has declined in Central Europe since the Second World War because many of its locations have been destroyed.

The small water lily thrives in stagnant or very slowly flowing waters that should be moderately rich in nutrients and rather slightly acidic. The rhizome mostly crawls in the boggy, muddy bottom of the water. It thrives in water up to 2 meters deep. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Nymphaeetum albo-candidae from the association Nymphaeion, but also occurs in the Myriophyllo-Nupharetum.

Systematics

The first description of Nymphaea candida was in 1822 Jan Svatopluk Presl and Karel Bořivoj Presl . Synonyms for Nymphaea candida J. Presl & C. Presl are: Castalia candida (J. Presl & C. Presl) Schinz & Thell. , Nymphaea alba subsp. candida (J. Presl & C. Presl) Korsh. , Nymphaea colchica (capitalized) Kem.-Nath.

Nymphaea candida belongs to the section Nymphaea in the subgenus Nymphaea within the genus Nymphaea .

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Dezhi Fu, John H. Wiersema, Donald Padgett: Nymphaeaceae Salisbury. : Nymphaea candida , p. 117 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 6: Caryophyllaceae through Lardizabalaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2001. ISBN 1-930723-05-9 .
  2. ↑ Nymphaea candida. In: FloraWeb.de.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. Volume 2: Yew plants to butterfly flowering plants , Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
  4. ↑ a b c d Nymphaea candida in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Accessed May 31, 2018.
  5. ↑ a b Pertti Johannes Uotila, 2009: Nymphaeaceae. : Datasheet at Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity .
  6. ↑ a b Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (ed.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 1: General Part, Special Part (Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta): Lycopodiaceae to Plumbaginaceae. 2nd, supplemented edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3322-9 .
  7. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  391 .

literature

  • Eckehart J. Jäger (Ed.): Rothmaler excursion flora of Germany. Volume 2: Vascular Plants: Basic Volume . Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1600-0 .

Web links

Commons : Small water lily ( Nymphaea alba )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files