Himmelwitz Monastery
| Cistercian Abbey Himmelwitz / Jemielnica | |
|---|---|
 former abbey church |
|
| location |
 Poland Opole Voivodeship |
| Coordinates: | 50 ° 32 ′ 0 ″ N , 18 ° 22 ′ 0 ″ E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
687 |
| Patronage | St. Mary |
| founding year | 1289 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1810 |
| Mother monastery | Rauden Monastery (Rudy) |
| Primary Abbey | Morimond Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The Himmelwitz Monastery ( Polish : Klasztor Cystersów w Jemielnicy , Latin: Abbatia Gemelnicum ) is a former Cistercian abbey . It is located in the municipality of Himmelwitz ( Gmina Jemielnica ) in the Opole Voivodeship , around 41 km southeast of Opole .
history
The monastery Himmelwitz was the daughter of the monastery Rauden from the Branch Morimond over jędrzejów abbey outgoing filiation founded. It was the 687th foundation of the order as a monk's abbey. The foundation was made in 1282 by the Opole Duke Boleslaw I. The monastery was probably settled between 1286 and 1289 by Rauden Abbey. Like this, it initially belonged to the Cistercian Province of Lesser Poland . In 1616 both monasteries were incorporated into the newly established Order Province of Silesia . The abbot Johannes Nucius (from 1591–1620), who was born in Görlitz and who was one of the founders of the musical and rhetorical theory of forms through his compositional and music-theoretical work , achieved great importance . A Latin school was opened around 1750 . In the course of secularization , Himmelwitz Monastery was dissolved by the Prussian state in 1810 . In 1826 the monastery property was acquired by Count Andreas Maria Renard on Groß Strehlitz . The collegiate church, whose altar painting was created by the painter Michael Willmann , served as the parish church for the town of Himmelwitz from 1810 .
Buildings and plant
The Church of the Assumption of Our Lady ( Wniebowzięcia NMP ) was originally a wooden structure. In the 13./14. In the 19th century, a late Gothic transeptless basilica, a plastered quarry stone and brick building, was built. The central nave is closed with a 5/8 end , the nave has eight bays. After several fires, it was expanded from 1738 to 1740 by the Jägerndorfer master builder Ferdinand Gans and redesigned in the Baroque style. It received a retracted west tower with a baroque dome. In the north it has an oval chapel (Joseph's Chapel) from 1714 near the choir. The main altar was created in 1734 by Christian Philipp Bentum , the two side altars are from 1740. In the nave there are eight rococo altars from the second half of the 18th century on the pillars. The altar at the end of the south aisle is late baroque .
The two-storey monastery complex to the right of the church is connected to the church via a sacristy with a Gothic portal in the middle of the nave. It was rebuilt after a fire in the originally wooden complex in 1617 and expanded in baroque style by F. Gans in 1733. It enclosed an inner courtyard with four wings; the east wing was demolished after 1810, as was one of the original two defense towers.
literature
- Ambrosius Schneider : Lexical overview of the male monasteries of the Cistercians in the German language and cultural area . In: Schneider, Ambrosius; Wienand, Adam; Bickel, Wolfgang; Coester, Ernst (Ed.): Die Cistercienser, Geschichte - Geist - Kunst , 3rd edition, Wienand Verlag, Cologne 1986, p. 663, ISBN 3-87909-132-3 .
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments , Volume 2: Northeast Germany . edited by Julius Kohte ; Ernst Wasmuth AG Berlin, 2nd edition, 1922, p. 263.
- Ernst Badstübner , Dietmar Popp , Andrzej Tomaszewski, Dethard von Winterfeld : Dehio-Handbuch der Kunstdenkmäler in Polen - Schlesien , Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich 2005, pp. 404-406 (with map), ISBN 3-422-03109-X .
- Heinrich Grüger: Himmelwitz, Cistercian Abbey . In: Yearbook of the Silesian Friedrich Wilhelm University in Breslau. 22: 50-61 (1981).
- Georg-Paul Krusch: Chronicle of the Cistercian monastery, the parish and the community of Himmelwitz , Essen 1985.
- Raimann: The foundation of the Cistercian Abbey in Himmelwitz on the background of the settlement history in the area of Groß Strehlitz and Tost . In: Archives for Silesian Church History . 49, pp. 231-256.
- Joanna Seydak: Die Cisterzienserabtei Himmelwitz , In: Knefelkamp, Ulrich, Reddig, Wolfgang F .: Monasteries and landscapes, Cistercians west and east of the Oder , 2nd edition, scripvaz Verlag, Frankfurt / O. 1999, pp. 176-177, ISBN 3-931278-19-0 .
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , pp. 186-187.
- Augustin Weltzel : The princely Cistercian monastery in Himmelwitz , Breslau 1895.
- Hanna Faryna-Paszkiewicz, Małgorzata Omilanowska, Robert Pasieczny: Atlas zabytków architektury w Polsce . Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN , Warszawa 2001, 430 pages, ISBN 83-01-13478-X .