Koelreuteria

Koelreuteria
Bladder Ash ( Koelreuteria paniculata )
Systematics
Rosids Eurosiden II Order : Sapindales (Sapindales) Family : Soap tree family (Sapindaceae) Subfamily : Sapindoideae Genre : Koelreuteria
Scientific name
Koelreuteria
Laxm.

Koelreuteria is a genus of plants within the soap tree family (Sapindaceae). The only three species come from East Asia . Sometimes the German common names blistering ash (after their pinnate leaves, which can be reminiscent of those of ash trees ) or blister trees (after their "flat fruits") are used; but often only for the special, more frequently cultivated species Koelreuteria paniculata .

description

Illustration of the bubble ash ( Koelreuteria paniculata )

Pinnate leaf of the blister ash ( Koelreuteria paniculata )

Bubble-shaped fruits of the bubble ash ( Koelreuteria paniculata )

Appearance and leaves

In Koelreuteria TYPES is evergreen or deciduous trees or shrubs , to reach stature heights of 15 meters. The alternate leaves are relatively large in all species and pinnate single or double, paired or unpaired.

Inflorescences and flowers

The flowers stand together in loose to dense, large, pyramidal, paniculate inflorescences . The yellow, zygomorphic flowers are four or five-fold with a double flower envelope . There are usually five, rarely four sepals. The four or five, more rarely also six, petals have two-lobed scales at the base. There are eight free stamens . Three carpels have become a top permanent ovary grown. There is a big disc.

Fruits and seeds

The capsule fruits have an initially mostly pink, later brownish, bubble-shaped shell; they each contain three black seeds.

Sets of chromosomes

The chromosome numbers are 2n = 22, 30, 32.

Fruits of Koelreuteria bipinnata

Foliage leaves and fruits of Koelreuteria elegans

Systematics and distribution

It was first published in 1772 in Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperalis Petropolitanae , 16, pp. 561-562, there as "Koelrevteriam". Type species is Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. The generic name Koelreuteria honors the German naturalist Joseph Gottlieb Kölreuter .

The genus contains three East Asian species:

• Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet (Syn .: Koelreuteria bipinnata . Var apiculata How & Ho , Koelreuteria bipinnata var. Puberula Chun , Koelreuteria bipinnata var. Integrifoliola (Merrill) TCChen , Koelreuteria integrifoliola Merrill ): It is a deciduous species from China with double pinnate foliage leaves .
• Koelreuteria elegans (Seemann) ACSmith : It has evergreen or deciduous, bipinnate leaves. There are two subspecies:
  • Koelreuteria elegans (Sailor) ACSmith subsp. elegans
  • Koelreuteria elegans subsp. formosana (Hayata) FGMeyer (Syn .: Koelreuteria formosana Hayata , Koelreuteria henryi Dummer ): It occurs only in Taiwan .
• Bladder Ash ( Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. , Syn .: Koelreuteria apiculata Rehder & EHWilson , Koelreuteria bipinnata Franchet var. Apiculata How & Ho , Koelreuteria chinensis (Murray) Hoffmannsegg , Koelreuteria paniculata var. Apiculata (Rehder & EHWilson) Rehder , Sapindus chinensis Murray ): It is a deciduous Chinese tree or shrub, not infrequently planted as an ornamental tree in parks, with simply unpinnate leaves, the leaflets of which are deeply serrated to pinnate.

Sources and further information

• Nianhe Xia, Paul A. Gadek: Sapindaceae : Koelreuteria , p. 9 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China . Volume 12 - Hippocastanaceae through Theaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2007, ISBN 978-1-930723-64-1 . (Sections Description, Systematics and Distribution)

literature

• Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica . Random House Australia 2003. German edition: Tandem Verlag GmbH 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 .
• Urania plant kingdom. Volume 3: Flowering Plants 1, 1st edition. Urania-Verlag, Leipzig 1991, ISBN 3-332-00367-4 .

Web links

Commons : Koelreuteria  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): Koelreuteria elegans .
• Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson: Koelreuteria elegans (PDF; 111 kB) and Koelreuteria paniculata (PDF; 269 kB) University of Florida: 680 Tree Fact Sheets .
• CRC Australian Weed Management - Chinese Rain Tree - Koelreuteria elegans subsp. formosana .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Koelreuteria at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed October 8, 2013.
2. ↑ California Plant Names - Latin and Greek Meanings and Derivations A Dictionary of Botanical and Biographical Etymology - K.