Kolyma lowlands
The Kolyma Lowland ( Russian Колымская низменность ) is the eastern part of the East Siberian Lowlands in the northeast of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) or Russia ( Asia ); the western part is the Jana Indigirka lowlands .
Geographical location
The remote Kolyma lowlands are mostly north of the Arctic Circle . It is located south of the East Siberian Sea (part of the Arctic Ocean ) between the Anjuigebirge in the east, the Jukagiren plateau in the southeast and south, the Alaseja plateau in the southwest and west with the Momagebirge beyond , whose southeast part also meets the lowlands. To the north of the Alaseja plateau, the lowland borders the Ulachan-Sis ridge with the Suor-Ujata ridge to the east , which come from the Indigirka as an elongated spur in a west-east direction into the lowlands, the Kondakov plateau and the Indigirka Delta, which is the northwestern end of the lowlands and connects to the western Jana Indigirka lowlands . Between the Jukagiren plateau and the Momagebirge, the southern foothills of the lowlands extend along the Kolyma , which flows from the south, in a southerly direction beyond the Arctic Circle.
In addition to the electricity system of the Kolyma flowing in the east, the lowlands also contain, for example, the electricity systems of the Alaseja in the west and the Sundrun in the north . In addition, the Great Chukotschja , the Jassatschnaja and the Great and Small Anjui , which together in their short estuary river Anjui, flow through the lowlands.
Geology, landscape and climate
The average height of the Kolyma lowlands is 100 m , and in some places there are peaks of 200 to 300 m . The thermokarst soil, a typical land formation process in subarctic areas with thawing permafrost soil , consists of deposits from lakes and rivers , such as loam and sandy loam, which are around 120 m thick. In addition to the numerous lakes, the largest being Ilirgytkin and Mogotoewo , there are many swamps . The waters are usually covered by ice from late September or early October to late May or early June . When the ice and snow melt in summer and the frozen ground thaws, there is heavy flooding in the lowlands.
Flora and fauna
In the south of the Kolyma lowlands there are sparse forests in swamp areas, mostly made up of larches . The forest and strauchtundra is represented beyond latitude 69 ° north . Reindeer migrate through the lowlands .
Localities
The Kolyma lowland is very sparsely populated, with the few localities mostly being on rivers or the sea; the main ones, which lies along the Kolyma Zyryanka and Srednekolymsk and located at the Alazeya River Argachtach and Andrjuschkino .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Article Kolyma lowlands in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
Coordinates: 68 ° 49 ′ 7 ″ N , 154 ° 30 ′ 48 ″ E