Koroneia

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Koroneia ( Greek  Κορώνεια ; Latin Coronea and Coroneia ) was an ancient city ​​in Boeotia on the northern slopes of the Helikon Mountains , west of Lake Kopaïs . The urban area bordered in the north on Lebadeia , in the northeast on the lake, in the east on Haliartos , in the south on Thisbe , in the west on Phokis . The city belonged to the Boeotian League and formed a circle with the cities of Haliartus and Lebadeia within the League, but without playing a special role. Rather, it was under the hegemony of Thebes , to which it served as military service. Between 550 and 480 BC It minted its own coins.

As monuments, Pausanias mentions an altar of Hermes Epimelios and an altar of the winds on the agora and near them a temple of Hera , whose - probably archaic - cult image held sirens on hand and was made by a sculptor named Pythodoros from Thebes. The sanctuary of Athena Itonia in the immediate vicinity of the city was famous . It was the cultic center of the Boiotian League and the venue for the Pamboiotia , the national festival that gave its name to the Boiotic month of Pamboiotios . In the vicinity of the city there was also a temple of Koronos , the eponymous founding hero .

Only a few significant remains of a Roman theater and a polygonal wall from the ancient Acropolis have survived.

The city is of historical interest, among other things, because of the battles fought in its vicinity. In 447 BC BC the Boeotians won the battle of Koroneia over the Athenians under the general Tolmides , who was killed in the process. In another battle of Koroneia in 394 BC. BC defeated Sparta under King Agesilaus Thebes and his allies, including Argos and Athens, near them . Lachares , the overthrown tyrant of Athens, was born in 294 BC. Murdered in Koroneia.

In the Roman-Syrian War between Rome and Antiochus III. from 192 to 188 BC The city stood on the side of Antiochus, was besieged and punished, and finally plundered. Nevertheless, it stood in the dispute between Perseus and Rome, it adhered to Perseus and provided help to the city of Haliartus, which was besieged by Rome. The Roman consul Publius Licinius Crassus then conquered the city and sold most of the residents into slavery. The following year, following a complaint to the Roman Senate , the city was restored and the sale of its residents was reversed.

The city lost its importance under Roman rule and must have been largely deserted by Strabon's time before it recovered again in Hadrianic times. In the severe earthquake in 551 - like many other cities in Boeotia - Koroneia was also destroyed. The time of their end is unknown.

literature

Erich Pieske: Koroneia 1. In: Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume XI, 2, Stuttgart 1922, Col. 1425-1431.

Remarks

  1. Pausanias 9, 34, 1-3.
  2. ^ Inscriptiones Graecae VII 2873
  3. Pausanias 9:34, 7; Stephanos of Byzantium sv Κορὠνεια ; see. Scholia to Homer, Iliad 2, 503; Nonnos , Dionysiaka 13, 79.

Coordinates: 38 ° 24 '  N , 22 ° 57'  E