Livadia
|
Municipality of Livadia Δήμος Λεβαδέων (Λειβαδιά) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|||
| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
|
||
| Region : | Central Greece | ||
| Regional District : | Boeotia | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 38 ° 26 ' N , 22 ° 52' E | ||
| Area : | 698.79 km² | ||
| Residents : | 31,315 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 44.8 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Post Code: | 32100 | ||
| Prefix: | (+30) 22610 | ||
| Seat: | Livadia | ||
| LAU-1 code no .: | |||
| Districts : | 5 municipal districts | ||
| Local self-government : |
3 city districts 17 local communities |
||
| Website: | www.livadia.gr | ||
| Location in the Central Greece region | |||
 |
|||
Livadia ( modern Greek Λιβάδεια , pronunciation [ liˈvaðja ], or Λειβαδιά , [livaˈðja] , ( f. Sg. ); Ancient Greek Λεβάδεια Lebadeia or Λεβαδία Lebadia ) is a Greek city.
geography
Geographical location and structure
Livadia is located in Boeotia ( Central Greece Region ). The municipality includes in the north the city of Livadia east of the Parnass massif with a portion of the plain of the river Kifisos . Livadia also extends far south over the mountains Kolliedes , Megali Loutsa , Paliovouna and Tsiveri to the Gulf of Corinth , west of the mountain Helikon .
Since the administrative reform in 2010 , it has consisted of the municipal districts of Cheronia , Davlia , Koronia , Kyriaki and Livadia, which were previously independent municipalities.
Settlement geography
22,779 of the total of 31,315 inhabitants of the municipality live in the city of Livadia itself, the remaining population of the municipality is distributed over 19 other localities.
history
Antiquity
Livadia was famous for her oracle, which was visited by personalities such as Mardonios and Aemilius Paulus . The Polis Livadia joined the Boeotian League under the leadership of Thebes and shared the rise and fall of Thebes. 395 BC Lysander first destroyed Livadia, 86 BC. A second destruction took place by Mithridates . The ancient polis was located on the right bank of the small river Erkina.
middle Ages
In the first centuries of the rule of the Byzantine Empire from 395 AD, the settlement had no special meaning. Due to the reorganization of the Byzantine military administration with a new division of the topics in the area of the Greek peninsula, Livadia was upgraded as the administrative center of this topic through the establishment of the Ellada (Greece) topic. Along with the administrative upgrading, there was also an increase in the economic importance of the settlement. Livadia, the larger neighboring city of Thebes, continued to dominate economically.
After the Byzantine Empire was broken up in 1204 by the fourth crusade , Livadia came under the control of the Duchy of Athens . After the defeat of the Duchy of Athens in 1311 at the Battle of Halmyros (Almyros), the Catalan Company won rule over Livadia. The town's castle was given to the victorious Catalans by the people of Livadia. The Catalans kept control of Livadia until 1388. The Duchy of Athens under the Florentine ruler Nerio Acciaouli conquered Livadia for the Duchy.
In 1458 the Ottoman Empire conquered Livadia under Sultan Mohammed II. Initially, Livadia was administratively assigned to the Sanjak Trikala; from 1470 Livadia belonged to the Sanjak Evripos. From the 15th century, the settlement of Livadia flourished under the Ottoman influence. At the end of the 17th century, Livadia was the scene of the conflict in the Venetian-Turkish War from 1684 to 1699 on the soil of Boeotia. At the end of the 18th century, Livadia had risen to become the largest city in Boeotia and thus outstripped Thebes.
Modern times
Before the start of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire in 1821, Livadia had 10,000 Greek residents. A year before the fighting broke out, Livadia was a Filiki Eteria action center . On the night of May 28-29, 1821, the rebels gathered on Profitis Ilias Hill and demanded that the Ottoman city commander surrender; this refused, so that the insurgents attacked and on May 31, 1821 the Ottoman garrison had encircled the castle. One day later, the Ottoman forces surrendered. The liberation did not last long, however; advancing Ottoman troops from the then Ottoman province Macedonia and Thessaly recaptured the city for the Ottoman Empire. In 1828 the Greek rebels succeeded in conquering the city again on November 5th, which then fell back to the Ottoman Empire and was not finally taken over by the Greek troops until February 8th, 1829.
The Distomo massacre (approx. 15 km to the west, 218 victims) on June 10, 1944 by members of a regiment of the 4th SS Police Panzer Grenadier Division allegedly resulted in the loss of three men during a "partisan persecution" in Livadia Reasons.
economy
Livadia has long been a center for the cultivation and use of cotton and tobacco . Grain cultivation and cattle breeding were also practiced. Agriculture continues to play an important economic role today. In addition, industrial companies have gained economic importance.
traffic
The city of Livadia is located on the national route 3 ( European route 65 ) from Lamia to Thebes and Athens. A short distance from the city, the motorway 1 runs from Lamia via Livadia and Thebes to Athens. From Livadia the national road 48 leads to Delphi and Distomo .
Livadia is located on the Piraeus – Thessaloniki railway line . The districts of Davleia , Parori and Livadia themselves each had their own train station there . Today the former stop in Parori is no longer in operation.
sons and daughters of the town
- Ioannis Maniatis (* 1986), football player
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Results of the 2011 census at the National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)