Karpenisi
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Karpenisi municipality Δήμος Καρπενήσι (Καρπενήσι) |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
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| Region : | Central Greece | ||
| Regional District : | Evrytania | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 38 ° 55 ' N , 21 ° 47' E | ||
| Area : | 954.21 km² | ||
| Residents : | 13,105 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 13.7 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Post Code: | 36100 | ||
| Prefix: | (+30) 22370 | ||
| Seat: | Karpenisi | ||
| LAU-1 code no .: | |||
| Districts : | 6 municipal districts | ||
| Local self-government : |
1 city district 49 local communities |
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| Website: | www.karpenissi.gr | ||
| Location in the Central Greece region | |||
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Karpenisi ( pronunciation : [ karpɛˈnisi ], Greek Καρπενήσι ( n. Sg. ); Alternative spelling Karpenissi, older spellings Karpenisio (n), Karpenissio (n) ) is a Greek town and municipality in the region of Central Greece . With the incorporation of four neighboring communities, the community was expanded considerably in 2010 and is now one of only two communities in the Evrytania regional district .
8,575 of the total of 13,105 inhabitants of the municipality of Karpenisi live in the small town of the same name.
geography
The municipality of Karpenisi extends in the west of the Central Greece region in the Agrafa Mountains and is separated from the municipality of Agrafa in the west by the river Tavropos (Megdovas). The Tavropos flows in the southwest into the Kremasta Lake , which damms the Acheloos and its tributaries between western and central Greece to form the largest reservoir in Greece. The Tym Fristos (highest peak Velouchi, 2315 m above sea level) immediately north of the city center divides the municipality into two parts: To the north are the municipal districts of Ktimenia and Fournas around the valleys of the Agiotriaditiko and Fourniotikos, both left tributaries of the Tavropos. Here the municipality borders on the Thessalonian municipalities of Karditsa and Sofades .
South of the Tymfristos, the valleys of the Trikeriotis , which flows from the south into the Kremasta Lake, and the Karpenissiotis and Krikellopotamos from its source rivers characterize the landscape. The Kaliakouda massif (2099 m) rises between these two rivers, and the Chelidona (1974 m) rises between Trikeriotis and Karpenissiotis .
With the exception of the river valleys, there are no significant plains or depressions in the municipality of Karpenisi. The Agrafa Mountains are very impassable and rugged. Differently high watersheds separate the municipality from its neighbors: in the southeast the Panetoliko massif (highest peaks Koutoupas, 1796 m and Trichia, 1819 m), which forms the border to Aetolia in western Greece , in the east Tymfristos, Kokalia (1720 m) and Oxia (1926 m), which separate Karpenisi from the Central Greek community Makrakomi .
The distance from Karpenisi to Agrinio in the southwest is 105 km, to Trikala in the northeast of Karpenisi the distance is 80 km and to Lamia in the east it is 78 km.
View over the Kremasta lake to the western municipality of Karpenisi
Summit of the Tymfristos
The Karpenissiotis River
Road through the mountains near Karpenisi
history
Ancient remains have been found on the hill Agios Dimitrios near the small town of Karpenisi, which indicate that the area was already settled in ancient times. An ancient settlement in the region of today's Karpenisi could not be proven with certainty until today. The name Karpenisi was first mentioned in the 12th century by the Kutsovlachen or Wallachians . The exact founding date of today's settlement is unknown. Under Ottoman rule, Karpenisi was the administrative and commercial center of the surrounding villages of the Evrytania region, some of which were inhabited by Wallachians and some by Greeks. Between 1645 and 1814 there was a higher Greek school in Karpenisi. At the beginning of the 16th century Karpenisi was raised to the bishopric of the diocese of Litsa and Agrafa. In 1821 there was a successful attack by Greek rebels in Karpenisi as part of the Greek War of Independence on the Ottoman garrison stationed there, which ended with a Greek victory and the conquest of Karpenisi. After the liberation of Karpenisis, the city was named Ichialia with reference to the ancient capital of Evrytania; as early as 1840 they returned to the name Karpenisi.
During the Second World War , Karpenisi, like the Evrytania region, was occupied by Italian troops from the end of April 1941, who had a garrison stationed in Karpenisi. In September 1943, after Italy converted to the side of the Allies, German troops took over the occupation of Karpenisi until they withdrew in October 1944. Like Evrytania, Karpenisi was also a stronghold of the Greek armed resistance against the Italian and German troops. In August 1944, German troops led a punitive expedition against Karpenisi as part of Operation Kreuzotter and destroyed the small town. Despite stiff resistance, 300 Greek rebels are killed and 250 captured.
In the 1950s and 1960s, the population of the entire prefecture of Evrytania, including Karpenisi, fell dramatically. In 1940 there were 53,473 people in Evrytania, in 1961 only 39,710; more than a quarter of the population had left the prefecture, with the small town of Karpenisi being less affected than the villages in today's municipal area or the entire prefecture. The Evrytania region and its administrative and commercial center Karpenisi were clearly underdeveloped compared to other Greek regions. The main east-west connecting road Lamia-Karpenisi-Agrinio was not expanded until the second half of the 1960s. In 1962 this road was not asphalted despite the mountainous course in Evrytania and Karpenisi. The other roads around Karpenisi and in Evrytania were also in very poor condition.
On February 5, 1966, a severe earthquake struck Evrytania and Karpenisi with its epicenter on Lake Kremasta . While the small town was hardly damaged, several villages in today's municipality of Karpenisi were partially or completely destroyed by landslides and rockfalls, including Agia Vlacherna and Agios Nikolaos.
Infrastructure and traffic
Karpenisi is the traffic junction in the southern Pindos and Agrafa mountains. The most important traffic axis leads with the national road 38 (European route 953) from Lamia in the east of Karpenisi along the valley of the Sperchios to the Rachi Tymfristou , a pass with a height of 1227 m on the border between Karpenisi and Makrakomi, which leads over the mountain range, which separates the valley of the Karpenissiotis from that of the Sperchios. The Rachi Tymfristou is since the beginning of the 21st century with a tunnel, the Tymfristos tunnel crosses under. The national road 38 leads through Karpenisi over a pass between Tymfristos and Chelidona into the valley of the Tavropos. Following this river valley, it crosses Lake Kremasta over the Episkopi Bridge and leads to Agrinio in Aetolia-Acarnania . The national road 38 is the most important east-west connection from South Thessaly and North Central Greece to West Greece and Epirus. Further subordinate roads lead from Karpenisi in a star shape to Domnista and Arachova in the south, to Megalo Chorio and Proussos in the southwest along the Karpenissiotis, to Agia Triada and Fourna in the north.
Karpenisi does not have a railway connection. The nearest airport would be the national airport of Agrinio (closed) or Preveza or the international airport of Athens more than 200 km away.
Karpenisi is the only village in Evrytania that has a hospital.
Attractions
At the main square the Byzantine church Agia Triada. The church was rebuilt in 1645 and received its current form. The chapel of Agios Dimitrios on a hill above the city. An early Christian basilica from the 5th century AD was discovered in the Klafi area from 1957 to 1958. In the immediate vicinity of the city there is a small ski area on the Tymfristos (Velouchi).
Twin town
Asheville , North Carolina, (USA)
literature
- Topo 100 Central Greece. Evrytania. 1: 100,000. Anavasi Maps and Guides, Athens. ISBN 978-960-8195-65-3
Famous daughters and sons of the city
- Haridimos Tsoukas (* 1961), organizational researcher
Individual evidence
- ↑ Results of the 2011 census at the National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)
- ↑ a b c Newspaper article from the Greek newspaper Kathimerini about the travel destination Evrytania, part 1 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (in Greek).
- ↑ Newspaper article in the Greek newspaper Eleftheria of December 13, 1960, page 7.
- ^ Newspaper article in the Greek newspaper Eleftheria about the emigration from Evrytania of October 1, 1962, page 3.
- ↑ a b Newspaper article in the Greek newspaper Eleftheria from April 15, 1965, page 10.
- ↑ Newspaper article in the Greek newspaper Eleftheria from September 1, 1962, page 5.
- ↑ Newspaper article of the Greek newspaper Eleftheria of 6 February 1966, pp 1 and 11. FIG.
