Kuffner (family)

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Coat of arms of the nobles von Kuffner

Family Kuffner came from Lundenburg ( today Břeclav ) in Moravia (now part of the Czech Republic ), at the of Vienna late Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway area. Kuffner companies have been known in Austria for several generations for the production of brandy and other spirits .

The Ottakringer Brewery is now as it was in Vienna , in Ottakring , which has been the 16th district of Vienna since 1892. Ottakringer has long been the only large brewery in the city. The Kuffner observatory in the same district is also still in operation today. After Austria was " annexed " to the National Socialist German Reich in 1938, the activities of family members in Austria came to an end.

history

According to the documents, the roots of the respected Jewish family from Lundenburg go back to the 17th century and beyond. A certain Löbl († 1730/1731), son of Samuel, is named as the tenant of a brandy house . His son Koppel († 1775 in Lundenburg) continued it after him with his wife Rachel († 1803). The two sons Wolf and Löbl came from his marriage to Rachel. The sons, grandchildren and great-grandchildren of these two brothers played a prominent role in the economic history of Austria.

Until the time of Wolf and Löbl, the Jewish subjects had only one first name, followed by the first name of their father and, if necessary, their home town. According to a decree of Emperor Joseph II as sovereign of Austria from 1787, all naturalized Jews should only have German first names and a clear family name for reasons of unity. For the family, the name Koppel was rewritten in Kuffner . In the matriculations at the beginning of 1788, Wolf Koppel (Wolf, son of Koppel) became Wolf Kuffner and his brother Löbl Kuffner.

Wolf Kuffner († 1826) took over the leased brandy house, was also active in the wool trade, grew prosperous and in 1805, in the midst of Napoléon's wars with Austria, acquired the royal brandy house Lundenburg. He also made a name for himself as a benefactor. Meanwhile his brother Löbl ran a general store in the family house and later became an important army supplier.

Of the three sons of Wolf Kuffner who reached adulthood, Karl, David and Simon, Karl Kuffner (1788–1835) initially ran a manufacture and a grocery store and, after his father's death in 1826, became the eldest manager of the distillery. In 1832, all three brothers leased the previously sovereign brewery in Lundenburg - the Kuffner family's entry into the brewery business, which later became important, as they were now allowed to make their own profit from the products of the trade (see lease agreement ).

Karl Kuffner died of typhus at the age of 47 , so that his brother David Kuffner (1796–1871), who had previously worked in the grain and raw product trade, took over the distillery and brewery.

Simon Kuffner (1798–1869), the third and youngest brother, became wealthy in the wool trade and retired early. He married and had three sons who remained bachelors and a daughter, who would later become his nephew's first wife. His son Adolf († 1903) founded the brewery Kuffner und Redlich in Hernals in 1899 , since 1892 the 17th district of Vienna , which was later continued by his nephews Wilhelm Kuffner and Ludwig Edler von Kuffner.

David Kuffner introduced the newly invented steam distillers into his own company, received the right to propose , which guaranteed him a monopoly on the spirits produced, and built a malting plant that was smoke- and odor-free according to the latest technology at the time yielded high profits. He also dealt with agriculture and set up one of the largest and most profitable farms in the Danube Monarchy , became mayor of Lundenburg and in 1868 helped the Israelite community there to carry out the long-planned reconstruction of the synagogue.

David's sons, Jakob and Hermann, and his nephew Ignaz (the son of his late brother Karl) joined the company. Jakob (1817–1891) and Ignaz Kuffner (1822–1882) gave up the lease of the Lundenburger Brauhaus in 1849, left Lundenburg in 1850 and took over the Ottakringer Brewery founded by Heinrich Plank in 1837 in Ottakring , then a suburb in western Vienna. The Kuffner built the brewery into one of the most powerful in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy .

Ignaz soon became mayor and honorary citizen of Ottakring and founded several humanitarian institutions. In 1878 he was raised to the Austrian nobility by Emperor Franz Joseph I with the word of honor "Edler von". Ignaz von Kuffner married Rosalie Spitzer after a divorce from his cousin Fanny Kuffner. Their son Moriz von Kuffner (born January 30, 1854 in Ottakring; † March 5, 1939 in Zurich ) founded the Kuffner observatory in Vienna , which still exists today .

By 1938 the family owned extensive property in Vienna and a large art collection.

Jacob's first son Wilhelm (born April 4, 1846 in Lundenburg; † 1923 in Vienna) married the daughter of David Ritter von Kuhner and Hermine Back, Camilla von Kuhner (born April 28, 1857 in Vienna; † March 21, 1954 in Beaulieu) . The couple had four children, including a son, Erwin, who was only 23 years old. Wilhelm took up his uncle Simon Kuffner's brewery in Hernals, but died soon after of the consequences of a kidney infection . In 1938 his widow Camilla and their daughters Marianne and Hedwig had to flee to France from the persecution of the Jews . Hedwig and Marianne were captured and died in the course of the extermination of the Jews . Frieda and her husband Herbert von Klemperer emigrated to England, where Frieda died in 1945.

The second son of Jacobs, Karl Kuffner (born July 28, 1847 in Lundenburg, † December 12, 1924 in Vienna), moved to Hungary and became a large landowner and industrialist in agriculture. Among other things, he ran a sugar factory in Diószeg in Pressburg County , on the Vienna – Budapest railway line (now in Slovakia ), and promoted Marie Lang , a leading figure in the Viennese women's movement at the turn of the century. Charles was raised to the nobility by Franz Joseph I as the Hungarian king on May 13, 1896 with the predicate "de Diószegh". In December 1904, the current Karl Kuffner de Diószegh was awarded the Hungarian barony by Franz Joseph I (cf. Freiherr ); in the same year he married Maria Countess and Mistress von und zu Firmian .

Their son Raoul Baron Kuffner de Diószegh (* 1886 in Vienna; † 1961 there) also became a Hungarian industrialist. His second wife, Tamara de Lempicka (* 1898 in Warsaw or Moscow as Tamara Gorska, † March 18, 1980 in Cuernavaca, Mexico), was a Polish Art Deco painter .

Unlike his cousins, Hermann Kuffner (born July 16, 1822 in Lundenburg; † September 30, 1905 there) stayed in Lundenburg to take care of the distillery with his father. He soon assumed the office of mayor of Lundenburg and became an honorary citizen of the Moravian communities of Lundenburg, Altenmarkt (Stará Břeclav, now part of Lundenburg) and Kostitz . In 1904 he was raised to the Austrian nobility by Emperor Franz Joseph I with the word of honor "Edler von" and was now called Hermann Hirsch von Kuffner .

Honors

Before 1870, in what was then the Vienna suburb of Ottakring (since 1892: 16th district), the Kuffnergasse next to the site of his Ottakringer brewery was named after Ignaz Kuffner.

Three members of the family were raised to hereditary nobility by Franz Joseph I :

  • 1878: Ignaz Kuffner, knight of the Franz Joseph Order , mayor and honorary citizen (since 1873) of Ottakring; Austrian nobility with " Edler von" according to the highest handwriting of April 11, 1878, diploma of May 6, 1878, in recognition of his work in the brewing industry and due to his humane services.
  • 1900: Hermann (Hirsch) Kuffner, Knight of the Franz Joseph Order , President of the Oeconomie-Zucker- und Spiritusfabriks AG, honorary citizen of Lundenburg, Altenmarkt and Kostitz; Austrian nobility with “Edler von” according to the very highest handwriting from August 3, 1900, diploma from October 11, 1900.
  • 1904: Karl Kuffner, industrialist, Hungarian nobility with "de Diószegh", Budapest 13 May 1896, Hungarian baronate 7 December 1904.

Due to the achievements in science was in 2006 asteroid with the number 12568 by Moriz von Kuffner , the founder of Kuffner Observatory , Kuffner named.

coat of arms

The coat of arms awarded by Franz Joseph I in 1878 refers to Kuffner's profession, brewing , and is described as follows:

In a golden shield a red curved tip with a black shield head , in it three bees side by side, from the tip a black, red-tongued eagle bursts out on each side. At the top is a three-leaved, twice-fertilized hop branch with two silver barley ears interlaced to form the leaves . A crowned tournament helmet with black and silver covers on the right and red and silver covers on the left, as a helmet ornament a closed, black eagle flight with a golden mill wheel at the front and a golden eagle flight at the back. The motto is Honor dux sequor .

Tribe list

  1. Löbl Samuel († 1730/1731 in Lundenburg)
    1. Koppel Löbl († 1775 in Lundenburg) ⚭ Rachel († 1803); three daughters and two sons:
      1. Wolf Kuffner († 1826 in Lundenburg) ⚭ Ernestine Saphir (* 1768 in Lovasberenyi, Hungary, † 1836 in Lundenburg); four daughters (Charlotte, Marie, Sali, Rachel) and three sons:
        1. Karl Kuffner (* May 17, 1788 in Lundenburg; † December 4, 1835 in Lundenburg) ⚭ Theresia Seegen (* 1774 or 1781 in Polna, Bohemia; † 1870 in Ottakring)
          1. Ignaz von Kuffner (born April 22, 1822 in Lundenburg; † March 23, 1882 in Ottakring)
            1⚭ Fanny Kuffner (born March 4, 1830 in Lundenburg; † July 21, 1851 in Vienna); Daughter of Simon and Josefine Kuffner
            2⚭ Rosalie Spitzer (* approx. 1826 in Stampfen near Preßburg, then Hungary; † December 21, 1899 in Vienna)
            1. Moriz von Kuffner (* 1854 in Vienna, † 1939 in Zurich)
        2. David Kuffner (born February 3, 1796 in Lundenburg, † January 19, 1871 in Lundenburg)
          1. Jakob or Jacob Kuffner (born March 20, 1817 in Lundenburg; † May 8, 1891 in Vienna)
            1. Wilhelm Kuffner (born April 4, 1846 in Lundenburg; † 1923 in Vienna) ⚭ 1877 Camilla von Kuhner (born April 28, 1857 in Vienna; † March 21, 1954 in Beaulieu)
              1. Erwin Kuffner (born September 22, 1878 in Vienna, † October 15, 1901 in Vienna)
              2. Hedwig Lindenthal, b. Kuffner (born March 23, 1880 in Vienna, † December 1943 in Auschwitz) ⚭ Otto Lindenthal († 1922)
              3. Frieda Klemperer von Klemenau, b. Kuffner (born June 11, 1881 in Vienna, † March 19, 1945 in England) ⚭ Herbert Klemperer von Klemenau (June 29, 1878 in Dresden - May 18, 1951 in New York)
              4. Marianne Kuffner (born June 30, 1888 in Vienna; † September 9, 1942 in Auschwitz)
            2. Karl Kuffner de Diószegh (born July 28, 1847 in Lundenburg, † December 12, 1924 in Vienna) ⚭ Countess Maria and Mistress von und zu Firmian
              1. Raoul Baron Kuffner de Diószegh (Vienna 1886–1961)
                1⚭ died prematurely
                2⚭1933 Tamara de Lempicka (born May 16, 1898 in Warsaw or Moscow as Tamara Gorska; † March 18, 1980 in Cuernavaca, Mexico).
            3. Franziska Schlesinger, b. Kuffner (born August 17, 1851 in Ottakring; † July 11, 1932 in Vienna) ⚭ Dr. Emil Schlesinger (born May 10, 1844 in Vienna, † May 31, 1899 in Vienna)
              1. Gertrud von Hofmannsthal, b. Schlesinger (born March 16, 1880 in Vienna; † November 9, 1959 in London) ⚭ Hugo von Hofmannsthal (born February 1, 1874 in Vienna; † July 15, 1929 in Rodaun near Vienna)
          2. Hermann Hirsch von Kuffner (born July 16, 1822 in Lundenburg, † September 30, 1905 in Lundenburg)
        3. Simon Kuffner (born February 8, 1798 in Lundenburg; † September 15, 1869 in Vienna) ⚭ Josephine Kuffner (born August 4, 1801 in Lundenburg; † May 27, 1870 in Holitsch)
          1. Gottlieb Kuffner (* 1834; † 1887)
          2. Adolf Kuffner (* before 1899, † 1903)
      2. Löbl Kuffner
Another branch of the family

The brewers belong to another branch of the Kuffner family

  • Gottlieb Kuffner (1834–1887) and
  • Ludwig Edler von Kuffner (* 1852)

literature

  • Sophie Lillie : What once was - Handbook of the expropriated art collections of Vienna. Czernin-Verlag, Vienna 2003.
  • Georg Gaugusch : The Kuffner family. In: Adler - Zeitschrift für Genealogie und Heraldik 20th (XXXIV.) Volume (1999–2000), pp. 243–251.

Web links

Commons : Kuffner  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hugo Gold: Memorial book of the lost Jewish communities of Moravia , chapter Lundenburg
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Katja Fischer: Jewish art collections in Vienna before 1938 using the example of the Kuffner family . Diploma thesis at the University of Vienna, Vienna 2008 ( online version )
  3. ↑ a b c d Peter Habison: Moriz von Kuffner and his observatory , chapter of the book by Gudrun Wolfschmidt : Astronomisches Mäzenatentum, pp. 131–153 ( limited preview on Google Books with the family history of the Kuffners)
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Gustav Otruba :  Kuffner, Ignaz v .. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 244 ( digitized version ).
  5. ^ Lehmanns Wiener Adressbuch, edition 1870, p. 12 of the section (= digital p. 28)
  6. ↑ Katja Fischer, Jewish Art Collections in Vienna before 1938 using the example of the Kuffner family , Vienna 2008 ( digital version  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove it Note. )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.yumpu.com