Rodaun
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Rodaun was an independent municipality until 1938 and is now a district of Vienna in the 23rd district of Liesing and one of the 89 Viennese cadastral communities .
geography
The current cadastral community of Rodaun covers an area of 214.45 hectares and is therefore the smallest part of the Liesingen district in terms of area.
The place is at the entrance of the Liesing from the Vienna Woods into the Vienna Basin at an altitude of 266 m. Today's cadastral community borders on the Kalksburg district in the northwest, the Liesing district in the northeast and the Lower Austrian communities of Perchtoldsdorf , Kaltenleutbaren and Breitenfurt in the south .
The Eichkogel (428 m) is the highest mountain in the district of Liesing in Rodaun. Most of the Rodaun area belongs to the Lunz Nappe of the Northern Limestone Alps , only the valley along the Liesing is counted as part of the geological epoch of the Holocene . Because of its complicated geological structure, the west of Rodaun in the valley to Kaltenleutzüge has been thoroughly examined in a number of geological specialist publications.
history
The first documentary mention of the place was around 1170 as Radune , around 1200 the name appears as Radovn . The name is of Slavic origin and probably comes from the personal name Radun. In the 15th century, lime was mined for the fortifications of Vienna in the local area. Rodaun was devastated during the first and second Turkish sieges of Vienna . In 1783 Rodaun was raised to an independent parish in the course of the Josephine reforms. In 1799, today's Rodaun cemetery was laid out. In the 18th century, the local thermal spring was used for cures and the village became a country residence for several noble families. In the 19th century, Rodaun, like the neighboring towns of Mauer and Kalksburg, was a popular summer resort for the Viennese population. During the First World War , the Austro-Hungarian war press quarter was set up in the Stelzer Inn in Rodaun . Across from Kaltenleutgebnerstrasse there was a grocery store with an attached fig coffee distillery owned by the Halbritter family on Hochstrasse (earlier: Perchtoldsdorferstrasse, even earlier: Rodaun No. 60).
After Austria's "annexation" to the German Reich , Vienna was enlarged to become " Greater Vienna " by law of October 1, 1938 on October 15, 1938 . This resulted in the incorporation of Rodauns (in the 25th district of Vienna) and 96 other places in Lower Austria. After the end of the Second World War , 80 of these municipalities were reorganized in 1954 on the basis of an agreement made between Vienna and Lower Austria in 1946 , 17, including Rodaun, remained with Vienna. Rodaun became part of the new 23rd district of Liesing.
In 1951, Rodaun had 3,489 inhabitants at the census. Today around 5500 people live in Rodaun.
Culture and sights
Rodaun is best known for Rodaun Castle , which was probably built during the Babenbergs' times , and for the Rodaun mountain church not far from it . The former baroque building, built in 1738 by Eleonora Edle von Sauberskirchen, lost its function as a parish church in 1964 to the new Rodaun parish church built in 1953/1954 according to plans by Johann Petermair . The castle and mountain church were also used as a motif for the design of the part of the Liesingen coat of arms intended for Rodaun.
In addition to the castle itself, the stately tavern , which was still used as such in 1831 and was probably built in 1577, and a farm building from the second half of the 18th century have been preserved. The schoolhouse, built in 1738 together with the church and rectory, is located on Rodauner Kirchenplatz. It also served as a sacristan's and organist's apartment. A stick was later put on. In 1873 the elementary school was rebuilt next to the parish hall (Ketzergasse 376–382). Today the Rodaun elementary school is located at Fürst-Liechtenstein-Straße 17.
The former Rodauner parish hall (today Ketzergasse 376–382) built at the beginning of the 19th century had a high tower until the first half of the 19th century. Descriptions from 1824 made a special note of this and warned against mistaking the parish hall for the parish church. Another redesign of the building took place in the 1970s.
The Marienheim of the Sisters of Mercy of St. Karl Borromäus (Breitenfurter Straße 511) was built in 1873. In Rodaun there is also the former home of the Austrian poet Hugo von Hofmannsthal , the so-called Hofmannsthal-Schlössl (Ketzergasse 471), which was built in 1724.
There are several community buildings in Rodaun , the most important of which is the residential complex at Breitenfurter Straße 401–413 (the easternmost part of which, however, already belongs to the district of Liesing), which is a listed building as an important postmodern work .
The forest and meadow areas of the Eichkogel-Zugberg ridge belong to the Liesing landscape protection area . In addition, large parts of Rodaun, also in the built-up area, belong to the development zone of the Vienna Woods Biosphere Reserve . The Mizzi-Langer-Wall on the Zugberg is a separate natural monument.
Economy and Infrastructure
In addition to tram line 60, public transport is provided by bus lines that connect Rodaun with its neighboring towns and mainly with the Vienna Liesing train station . The tracks of the Kaltenleutgebner Bahn lie for a few kilometers on the border between Rodaun and Perchtoldsdorf. This railway line is only run as a museum railway without public transport, its former Rodaun station no longer exists.
Rodaun is the terminus of the Vienna tram line 60. This line was extended in 1963 to the then new loop in Rodaun. Before that, Rodaun was on the tram line 360, which went from Mauer (from 1963 from Rodaun) to Mödling (former southern steam tramway line Krauss & Co until it was electrified in 1921) and was discontinued in 1967.
The school center of the Catholic private schools Sta. Christiana in Rodaun Palace is one of the most traditional training centers in the 23rd district , along with the Kalksburg College . The day care center Jugend am Werk at Elisenstraße 45 in the east of Rodaun was built in 1917 as a home for babies.
With a little over half a hectare of vineyards, Rodaun is also one of Vienna's smaller wine-growing regions .
The facilities of the Rodaun cement plant were closed in the mid-1990s, some parts were still used for loading cement until 2012, and the remains were removed from 2013. The Waldmühle Rodaun residential complex , which opened in August 2016, was then built on the site . The residential complex is located in a 12,000 m² park with its own swimming pool and has 450 apartments and 77 barrier-free units.
Personalities
- Hermann Aichinger junior (1917–1965), architect
- Emil Artmann (1871–1939), civil engineer, architect and university lecturer
- Richard Beer-Hofmann (1866–1945), poet
- Walter Behrens (1911–1999), painter
- Christian von Ehrenfels (1859–1932), philosopher
- Karoline von Fuchs-Mollard (1675–1754), educator at the imperial court in Vienna
- Benno Geiger (1882–1965), art historian, writer and translator
- Maria Grengg (1888–1963), poet and painter
- Hugo von Hofmannsthal (1874–1929), poet
- Paul Katzberger (1921–2014), architect and politician
- Herbert Koch (1882–1968), pediatrician in Graz
- Heinrich Krause (1885–1983), painter
- Rudolf Schmidt (1894–1980), sculptor
literature
- Ferdinand Opll : Liesing: History of the 23rd Viennese district and its old places . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-7141-6217-8 .
- Karin Riegler: Rodaun in the mirror of old views and contemporary reports up to 1938 . Diploma thesis, University of Vienna 1986.
- Hildegunde Suete-Willer: Rodaun: From the past and the present . Self-published, Vienna 1981.
Web links
- wien.at | Rodaun
- Alfred Walk: Rodaun local history (PDF, 14.3 MB)
- Entry on Rodaun in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
Individual evidence
- ^ Georg Rosenberg: The limestone Vienna Woods around Kaltenleutzüge (Lower Austria and Vienna). Yearbook of the Federal Geological Institute . Volume 108, Vienna 1965. Pages 115-153. [1] (PDF; 4.3 MB) with extensive bibliography and colored geological map 1: 10,000.
- ↑ Elisabeth Schuster: The Etymology of the Lower Austrian Place Names, Part 3, 1994
- ↑ [2]
- ↑ Ferdinand Opll: Liesing: History of the 23rd Viennese district and its old places . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-7141-6217-8 . P. 200.
- ↑ Since the boundaries of the census districts and census districts differ from those of the cadastral municipality, no exact number of inhabitants is available. The enumeration district Rodaun had loud VZ 2001 5499 inhabitants. - Source: Directory 2001 Vienna , ed. v. Statistics Austria, Vienna 2005, p. 102.
- ^ Dehio-Handbuch Wien. X. to XIX. and XXI. to XXIII. District . Edited by Federal Monuments Office. Anton Schroll, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-7031-0693-X , p. 711.
- ↑ Vineyards in Vienna according to cadastral communities 2010 . Website of the City of Vienna, accessed on June 21, 2012.
- ↑ Housing association for private employees - Waldmühle Rodaun ( Memento of the original dated February 8, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 8, 2017.
- ↑ Web presence of Waldmühle Rodaun , accessed on February 8, 2017.
Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ' N , 16 ° 15' E