Kalksburg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kalksburg
coat of arms map
Kalksburg coat of arms Liesing location kalksburg.png
The center of Kalksburg; Kalksburg-Kirchenplatz on the left and Breitenfurter Strasse on the right

The municipality of Kalksburg , which was independent until 1938, is now part of the 23rd Viennese district of Liesing and one of the 89 Viennese cadastral communities .

The name is derived from Chalbsperger , at times the village was also called Kalbsberg , Kalksdorf and Kadoltsperg .

geography

Today's cadastral community Kalksburg covers an area of ​​375.7 hectares.

The place is on the edge of the southern Vienna Woods and close to the Föhrenberge Nature Park and the Lainzer Tiergarten . The Breitenfurter Straße (through Kalksburg also part of the B 13 ), which connects Meidling , Liesing and Breitenfurt , crosses the town center, Kalksburg-Kirchenplatz .

The Liesingbach flows through the south of Kalksburg . This takes up several feeders on the left in the district: the Grenzgraben , the Klausgraben , the Gütenbach , into which the Kaisergraben flows at the Lainzer Tiergarten , and the Kalksburger Graben , the last section of which runs underground.

The forest and meadow area in the northwest of Kalksburg belongs to the southern flysch zone , that in the northeast to the Frankenfelser blanket of the Northern Limestone Alps . The area in between along the Gütenbach and the built-up area of ​​the place are counted as part of the geological epoch of the Holocene .

history

Kalksburg and its surroundings 1872 (recording sheet of the state survey)

In 1188 the “Chalbsberger” family was first mentioned in a document. The Wiener-Bürgerspital-Wald south of the Liesing between Kalksburg and Breitenfurt was first mentioned in 1289 and was one of the economic foundations of this hospital. It is the first forest documented for the Vienna Citizens' Hospital.

At the beginning of the 14th century, the people of Walsee on the Drosendorf line owned Kalksburg. Kalksburg Castle was destroyed in an attack by Viennese citizens in 1463. In 1683 the place was badly affected in the course of the Second Turkish Siege of Vienna .

The Jesuits , who had ruled Kalksburg from 1609, lost it in 1773 due to the dissolution of the order. Together with the Mauer rulership, the Kalksburg rulership was now confiscated by the state administration and sold to the kk court jeweler Franz von Mack in 1790 . Mack, who had his residence in Kalksburg, had a number of buildings erected there, including the parish church "Zum heiligen Petrus in Ketten ". Franz von Mack is considered a benefactor of Kalksburg. In 1805 Kalksburg was raised to an independent parish.

While Kalksburg had previously been economically dependent on forestry, tourism was added as a second economic factor in the 19th century. In 1861 a community leader was elected for the first time in Kalksburg. In 1856 the Jesuits returned to Kalksburg and founded the Kollegium Kalksburg , a Catholic private school that still exists today.

In 1909 the trolleybus line was opened between Liesing and Kalksburg. In 1920 the line was discontinued.

On October 15, 1938, the previously independent Lower Austrian community was assigned to the newly founded 25th district of Vienna, Liesing, by the Nazi regime when Greater Vienna was created. The district name was used in 1954 for the new 23rd district.

In 1951 the place had 1063 inhabitants at the census. Today around 2000 people live in Kalksburg (as of 2001).

Culture and sights

Marterl at the beginning of the Gütenbachtal

Today's parish church Kalksburg is a classicist building completed in 1801 based on plans by the Tyrolean architect Johann Baptist Zobel . The location of Kalksburg on the Vienna Woods is characteristic of the town. Starting from the center of the village, the street In der Klausen has been leading through the forest towards the Mauer since the late Middle Ages . Here you will find a former post office, presumably built in the second half of the 18th century, several residential buildings from the 19th century and the former Mack'sche foundation house, which was built at the end of the 18th century and is now used as a forester's house by the City of Vienna.

The graves of Hugo von Hofmannsthal , Otto Edelmann and Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel are located at the Kalksburger Friedhof in the east of the district .

Kalksburg belongs entirely to the Wienerwald biosphere reserve , divided into its core, maintenance and development zone. The forest and meadow areas of the Dorotheerwald and the Eichkogel- Zugberg ridge are part of the Liesing landscape protection area . The Himmelswiese with its rare plant and animal species, the geological outcrop above the Kalksburg cemetery and a wild pear tree on Jägerweggasse are separately designated as natural monuments .

Economy and Infrastructure

With around six hectares of vineyards, Kalksburg is one of Vienna's wine-growing regions . The place is also known for a renowned therapy center for those addicted to alcohol or other drugs, the Anton Proksch Institute . There is also a Hildegardis House of Caritas Socialis in Kalksburg , which is housed in a castle-like building that was built around 1800.

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Kalksburg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Johanna Scheiblhofer, Wolfgang Schranz: Diverse Nature in Liesing. (PDF) Biosphärenpark Wienerwald Management GmbH, October 2019, pp. 102-103 , accessed on January 3, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Christoph Lechner Sun: citizens and forest. Considerations for the use of Viennese citizen hospital forests in the Middle Ages. In: Karl Fischer (Ed.): Studies on Viennese history. Yearbook of the Association for the History of the City of Vienna - JbVGStW. Volume 66. Association for the History of the City of Vienna. Vienna 2010. ISSN  1027-8788 . Pages 223-255.
  3. ^ F. Opll: Liesing ( Memento from May 28, 2001 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ^ Felix Czeike: Historical Lexicon Vienna. Volume 3: Ha-La. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-218-00545-0 , pp. 434-435.
  5. ^ Josef Jahne: Local history of the political district Hietzing area for school and home. Published on behalf of the kk district school board for Hietzing area. Vienna 1911. Self-published by the district school council. P. 129.
  6. ↑ Ferdinand Opll: Liesing: History of the 23rd Viennese district and its old places . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-7141-6217-8 . P. 198.
  7. ↑ Since the boundaries of the census districts and census districts differ from those of the cadastral municipality, no exact number of inhabitants is available. The enumeration district Kalksburg-Kaltenleutgeben had loud VZ 2001 2079 inhabitants. - Source: Directory 2001 Vienna , ed. v. Statistics Austria, Vienna 2005, p. 102.
  8. ^ Dehio-Handbuch Wien. X. to XIX. and XXI. to XXIII. District . Edited by Federal Monuments Office. Anton Schroll, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-7031-0693-X , p. 716.
  9. ↑ Vineyards in Vienna according to cadastral communities 2010 . Website of the City of Vienna, accessed on June 21, 2012.

Coordinates: 48 ° 8 '  N , 16 ° 15'  E