Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel

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Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel (born July 22, 1881 in Wunsiedel , † February 14, 1965 in Vienna ) was a German - Austrian painter and illustrator who was best known for his animal pictures .

Life

Jungnickel was the son of a carpenter. In 1885 the family moved to Munich , where he attended the arts and crafts school. After his mother's death, he emigrated to Rome with his younger brother in 1897 , where they both earned a living selling drawings to tourists. The Italian archaeologist Orazio Maruchi made it possible for him to make copies of the pictures there in the collections of the Vatican . Their quality was so good that they suggested training as a church painter. For this purpose, Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel became a pupil in the Tanzenberg monastery near Klagenfurt .

In 1899 he moved to Vienna and enrolled at the Vienna Academy in the general painting school with Christian Griepenkerl . Around 1900 he worked for the Cologne chocolate manufacturer Ludwig Stollwerck with designs for Stollwerck collector's pictures . After returning from a trip to Hungary , he enrolled with Alfred Roller in 1902 at the arts and crafts school of the kk Museum for Art and Industry. In 1905 Jungnickel went to Munich to study with Professor Marr at the Academy of Fine Arts and in 1906 returned to the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts ( William Unger ).

His artistic breakthrough came with the publication of pictures using stencil spray technology, which he had invented after the art magazine The Studio . In 1906 he exhibited at the Vienna Secession , but never became a member. As an employee of the Wiener Werkstätte , he designed glasses, vases, fabrics, wallpapers, carpets, commercial graphics and postcards. His most important work for the Wiener Werkstätte were designs for an animal frieze for a children's room in the Stoclet Palace in Brussels . In the Art Show 1908 in Vienna Ludwig Heinrich Jung nickel exhibited his first woodblock prints, which in 1909 a series of color woodcuts of animals from the Tiergarten Schönbrunn followed. Jungnickel received international recognition for his woodblock prints. At the International Art Exhibition in Rome in 1911 he received the graphic design award , in Amsterdam the gold medal. In Leipzig in 1914 he was awarded the state medal of the International Exhibition of Book Trade and Graphics Bugra and in 1915 in San Francisco the silver and bronze medal of the International Exhibition . In 1911 Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel received the professorship in the graphic arts class in Frankfurt. In the same year he presented color woodcuts with views of Frankfurt, which were enthusiastically received in professional circles. A year later - in 1912 - he returned to Vienna and dealt with wallpaper designs, the design of bookplates and made other animal woodcuts. Study trips took Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel to Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1912 and to Hungary in 1914. The main theme on these trips were people ( portraits , folk scenes and nudes ).

Ludwig Jungnickel's grave

During the First World War , Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel switched from graphic work to drawings with charcoal , chalk and pencil . At the end of 1915 he did six months of military service in the German Empire , but was not used at the front. In 1917 he made a portfolio with six colored woodcuts Animals of the Fable , which were later expanded to include 24 color lithographs to illustrate the Aesopian animal fables of classical antiquity and were published in bound form by Schroll Verlag in 1919. In 1918, Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel received Austrian citizenship. The Italian sketchbook with 40 lithographs was published in 1921 and 1922 by Haybach-Verlag Vienna LH Jungnickel - Studies from the Spanish Riding School . In the 1920s he made numerous trips that took him to Germany , Holland , Italy and Yugoslavia . In Italy and Yugoslavia mainly pictures of coastal landscapes were created. But he also continued to create images of animals. From 1924 Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel was a member of the Vienna Künstlerhaus , where he regularly participated in exhibitions. In 1930 he received the Austrian State Prize for Fine Arts and the Golden Medal of Honor from the Cooperative of Fine Artists Vienna. The Great Austrian State Prize for Fine Arts followed in 1937 and he was represented at the Great German Art Exhibition in Munich in 1937. From the 1930s onwards, Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel spent most of the summers in Carinthia , where he made contact with other artists, and the winter months in the Mediterranean region. Since the President of the Vienna Künstlerhaus did not pass on his Aryan certificate to the authorities and he was probably denounced because of his contacts with Jews, Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel initially only had to emigrate to Opatija . From there he tried to clarify the matter with the authorities in writing, but did not succeed. Meanwhile, his apartment was cleared by the Gestapo and his studio was destroyed in an air raid in 1945, both of which presumably led to the loss of early works. Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel himself was convicted in absentia for "subversive activity". The artist was stuck in Opatija, where he kept himself afloat by selling self-drawn postcards. In Austria, Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel was slowly being forgotten due to his absence. It was not until 1952 that friends were able to enable him to return to Austria, where he then lived in Villach . It was not until the 1960s that he got an apartment again in Vienna.

After his death, Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel was buried in the Kalksburger Friedhof (Gr. 12, No. 33) in Vienna-Liesing.

Honors

Memorial plaque at Grünbergstrasse 31 in Vienna-Meidling

As in the inter-war period , Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel received numerous honors and awards in the post-war period. He received an honorary gift for life from the Austrian Federal President (1955), the “Golden Laurel” (on the occasion of his 75th birthday in 1956), the bronze medal for services to the Republic of Austria and a sponsorship award (1957) from the Society of Fine Artists in Vienna , the Medal of Honor of the Federal Capital Vienna (1961) and in 1964 he became an honorary member of the Vienna Künstlerhaus.

Works (excerpt)

Exhibitions

Exhibition in the KunsthausSudhaus Villach
  • To make him known again, the Albertina graphic collection in Vienna and the Neue Galerie at the Landesmuseum Joanneum in Graz dedicated personal exhibitions to him .
  • Klagenfurt, State Museum for Carinthia 1954
  • Wiener Künstlerhaus 1957
  • Villach, KunsthausSudhaus 2016/2017

literature

  • Selma Krasa:  Jungnickel, Ludwig Heinrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , pp. 689 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Ilse Krumpöck: pioneer of modernity. Early works by a prominent generation of artists , in: Viribus Unitis. Annual report 2000 of the Army History Museum , Vienna 2001, pp. 67–72.
  • Ilse Spielvogel-Bodo: LH Jungnickel - A life for art . Verlag Johannes Heyn, Klagenfurt 2000, ISBN 3-85366-870-4 .
  • Peter A. Weber, Erich Maier, Günther Fritz: Jungnickel . Villach 1993.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lorenz, Detlef: Reklamekunst um 1900. Artist lexicon for collecting pictures, Reimer-Verlag, 2000, ISBN 978-3496012207 .
  2. ^ Austrian Army Museum (ed.): Catalog of the war picture gallery of the Austrian Army Museum , Vienna 1923, p. 14.
  3. ↑ Beauty from the printing block in FAZ of July 8, 2016, page 9.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Jungnickel, Ludwig Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian painter and illustrator
DATE OF BIRTH July 22, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Wunsiedel
DATE OF DEATH February 14, 1965
Place of death Vienna