State riot police of Lower Saxony
The state riot police of Lower Saxony (LBPN) is a riot police and an organizational unit of the Lower Saxony police . Since 2004 it has been part of the Central Police Directorate Lower Saxony (ZPD NI) based in the state capital Hanover . The state riot police have around 1,100 employees. It has seven riot police and a technical operations unit (TEE) as well as five evidence preservation and arrest units . The state riot police are mainly responsible for large-scale police situations that are dealt with in closed operations . Your units are deployed throughout Lower Saxony and, in special cases, outside the state.
tasks
- Handling of missions for special occasions in Lower Saxony, for example football games , meetings, castor transports to the Gorleben nuclear waste storage facility
- Support of other federal states in dealing with emergency situations on special occasions
- Support of the individual police service in combating the causes of traffic accidents and in special areas of crime
- Assistance in accordance with Article 35 of the Basic Law in the event of natural disasters such as floods and particularly serious accidents
- Search actions for people or things
structure
Currently (2017) there are seven riot police forces (BPH) in Lower Saxony , which are managed by Department 2 of the Central Police Directorate based in Hanover. Each BPH has 3–4 trains . The hundreds are spread across the country on six locations at the police headquarters in Lower Saxony. Most of the accommodation is in former military barracks .
- 1. Riot police in Hanover
- 2. Riot police in Hanover
- 3. Riot police in Braunschweig
- 4. Riot police in Lüneburg
- 5. Riot police in Göttingen
- 6. Riot police in Oldenburg
- 7. Riot police in Osnabrück
- Technical Operations Unit Lower Saxony (TEE NI) in Hanover
Technical deployment unit
The Technical Operations Unit (TEE) consists of three trains. With its special vehicles and resources, it is available to the emergency services of the Central Police Department of Lower Saxony and other police stations. The TEE includes the leadership group, the information and communication train (IuK train), the water cannon and special car train (WaWe / SW train) based in Hanover and the technical train with police divers , whose three groups are deployed in Hanover, Braunschweig and Oldenburg are at home. Police divers can be requested by the police services around the clock for special operations. You dive in all standing, flowing and frozen inland waters as well as the North Sea .
Evidence and arrest units
In 1989 the state riot police in Lower Saxony set up arrest units for the first time, which were used in operations with the potential for violence. Today there are five Evidence Preservation and Arrest Units (BFE). The specialized units consist of a command group as well as crime observation, evidence preservation, arrest and security teams. Evidence preservation and arrest units are located in Hanover with two units and in Braunschweig, Göttingen and Oldenburg with one unit each. They are part of the respective riot police, but act independently in the event of an emergency. Depending on requirements, several BFEs can be combined to form an evidence preservation and arrest hundred (BFHu).
history
After the Second World War , the need for closed police units quickly became apparent, as the local police were unable to cope with larger operations in terms of personnel and organization. These included, for example, the unrest surrounding the dismantling of the former Reichswerke Hermann Göring in Watenstedt , the monitoring of illegal traffic and the fight against capital crimes on the demarcation line to the Soviet Zone and GDR . Police reserves were set up in Lower Saxony as early as 1948, despite a ban by the British military government , but with their tacit approval. They operated in so-called special trains that operated in Watenstedt , Wolfenbüttel , Bad Harzburg , Dedelstorf and Hann. Münden were stationed.
While the riot police of the federal states were founded as paramilitary associations on October 27, 1950 through an administrative agreement between the state governments and the federal government , the Lower Saxony riot police played a special role until 1955. Lower Saxony allegedly did not join the agreement for fiscal reasons. However, in accordance with a decree of the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior in 1951, the state set up the I. LBPN department of the riot police with a hundred, the so-called 1. State Police Hundred. The headquarters were in former Wehrmacht accommodations , which were supplemented by new buildings such as sports and motor vehicle halls, apartment blocks and farm buildings until the 1970s. Up until 1954 , the I. Department was alternately subordinate to the Hanover Police Department , the Hanover District President and then again to the Hanover Police Department. The II. LBPN was set up on October 1, 1952 in Braunschweig and also housed in former Wehrmacht accommodations. New buildings were also built in Braunschweig until the 1970s. The II. LBPN was subordinated to the Braunschweig Police Department . The III. LBPN in Oldenburg began its service on April 1, 1972 after the buildings were constructed from 1969 to 1972 for 50 million DM . The planning went back to 1963 when the Interior Ministry decided to buy suitable land in the city. Partial workers had previously been housed in a building on Heiligengeiststrasse, which has since been demolished.
The decisive organizational change occurred on October 1, 1954, when both LBPN departments were subordinated to a higher-level group staff and thus directly to the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior. On April 1, 1955, Lower Saxony joined the administrative agreement between the federal and state governments. The country's riot police have now also been paramilitary equipped with machine guns , hand grenades and grenade launchers and trained according to federal regulations. Up to this point she was mainly responsible for training and supporting the individual service. This restructuring was evidently regretted by the leadership of the association, since a significant part of the training had to be planned for the police combat mission. Since the new regulation did not involve an extension of the training period, it was at the expense of training for individual service; 28% of the training time was now planned for formal training, the major security and stewardship and police combat operations, while only 25% was available for specialist training. In addition, the training period was constantly interrupted by assignments, 111 times for the I. LBPN in 1959 alone. Only once, in 1955, did the Lower Saxony state riot police take part in a large-scale exercise with riot police units from Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Bremen and North Rhine-Westphalia.
In the 1960s, the stakes increased due to the student unrest and the red dot actions and in the 1970s through demonstrations of the anti-nuclear power movement . The Lower Saxony riot police were requested to deploy nationwide. Due to the workload, the individual service could no longer be supported. In 1979 there was an increase in the number of three deployments with locations in Uelzen and Lüchow . With the hiring of women in the protection police in Lower Saxony, there were also women in the riot police from 1981. In 1994, the 12 existing hundreds were reduced to seven as part of a police reform. While the units in Lüchow and Uelzen were dissolved, a new unit was created in Lüneburg. In 1995 the deployment hun- dreds were established in Osnabrück and Göttingen.
literature
- Richard Thiemann: The state riot police of Lower Saxony in: Lower Saxony and its police: Published by the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior. Police-Technik-Verkehr-Verlagsgesellschaft, Wiesbaden 1979, pp. 197-203.
- Gerd Hespe / Riot Police Department Oldenburg: 50 years riot police of the federal states: Sunday, September 9, 2001, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., - Oldenburg -, Bloherfelder Straße 235. Open House , Oldenburg 2001.
Web links
- Official website
- Review: 60 years of riot police in Lower Saxony in: Police Extra November / December 2011, (pdf, 1.59 MB)
- Description of his period of service from 1963 to 1965 with the state riot police in Hanover by Ernst Hunsicker
Individual evidence
- ↑ Police divers in: pro police September / October 2012