Klettgau District Court

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Issuing a certificate in the Middle Ages, drawing by Wolf Papst, Rheinheim

The Landgericht Klettgau was a medieval court in the Landgraviate of Klettgau , which was first mentioned as such from 1361.

history

Even in the early days, court was held in public places, originally this was the thing . Langenstein was first mentioned as a place of jurisdiction in 1020 in the declaration of eighth of the Othram von Weissenburg . Othram got into a dispute with the Rheinau monastery over the Hofgut zu Weissenburg. Emperor Heinrich II settled the dispute by bequeathing it to the monastery: ab uno exlege homine, Othram dicto, justo judicum judicio adjudicatum fuit, situm in pago Chlegeuwe, in comitatu Radebotonis . Georg Wilhelm Zapf comments that this refers to the Weissenburg . Later, the Counts of Habsburg sat in court on Langenstein , including on April 18, 1380, when Landgrave Rudolf IV apparently sat in court here for the last time . From then on, the landgraves were represented by land judges. The term Landrichter is derived from the term Landgrave. District judges were of different rank depending on the region; in Klettgau they were free people who, however, did not belong to the nobility. In addition to the proceedings in legal matters such as (fiefdoms, purchases and sales, confirmations of rights, authentications, etc.), the regional court was responsible for the blood jurisdiction and eight and over night .

Even “after 1400 regional court […] was held in the open air, usually 'on the free imperial road of the empire', until the court days from around the middle of the 15th century, especially in bad weather, in the council houses or certain taverns like the 'Adler' in Oberlauchringen and 'Engel' in Lottstetten were relocated. "

procedure

The locations of the negotiations were chosen as required, mostly they were prominent landmarks or special natural monuments. For this purpose, a land shrine was built by the servants by cutting wood around the place of the court , which separated the audience from the court. Then the judge was sworn in and he opened the hearing with the staff . In the early days, these negotiations always took place in the open air, often changing locations, and the town hall was not used as a meeting place until the 15th century. In principle, the plaintiff was always able to go to the higher instance up to the king (court court). The city of Tiengen was not subject to the regional court - it had its own jurisdiction, the Tiengen city court . There was also the Dinghof court for the free. At the end of the 18th century, Johann Baptist Würtenberger still called himself a free-imperial district judge in Klettgau and held the openly banned district court of Rheinheim in the name of Prince Johann von Schwarzenberg on the frey-imperial country roads and the only Malstatt . The last acting district judge at the Klettgau district court was Sigmund Buri von Schwerzen .

District judge in Klettgau

  • Peter Vierer, 1337
  • Johann Has, 1380-1398
  • Konrad Täninger, 1403-1420
  • Cunrat Uffhofer or Konrad Uffhauer 1424–1425
  • Nicolas Indigkofer, 1430
  • Konrad Matzinger, 1434-1472
  • Hans Braunstein, 1482
  • Mathis Loholzer, 1483
  • Jos Brunner, 1484
  • Jos Blenck, 1496
  • Peter Bierer, 1504–1531
  • Hans Steger, 1512, Vogt of Mettingen
  • Hans Jakob von Heidegg, Obervogt zu Küssenberg and governor of Count Rudolf von Sulz, in 1514 he is named as a district judge.
  • Peter Frey, 1523
  • Konrad Meyer, Vogt von Geisslingen, 1535
  • Hans Gering, 1562
  • Thoman Boller, 1572
  • Dieter Zimmermann, 1587–1589
  • Johann Jakob von Beck , 1599, Obervogt
  • Bernhard Meyer, 1606
  • Jakob Strässler, Vogt zu Bühl, 1618–1620
  • Hans Schilling, Vogt of Grießen, 1629
  • Leonhard Huber, Vogt of Erzingen, 1678
  • Johann Stoll, Vogt of Grießen, 1693–1708
  • Johann Baptist Würtenberger, Vogt and Adlerwirt von Oberlauchringen, 1785–1793,
  • Sigmund Bury, 1802–1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss

Traditional places where the regional court met

More medieval dishes in the area

The neighboring Landgraviate of Stühlingen had its own court, the Stühlingen Regional Court . The city of Kaiserstuhl AG also had its own city court, which was subordinate to the diocese of Constance . For the Hotzenwald was forest Bailiwick Office responsible. The cities of Zurich , Schaffhausen , Aarau , Brugg and Baden AG had their own city courts or, as common lords like the county of Baden, belonged to the old Confederation . The forest towns and the Fricktal were subordinate to the government of Front Austria in Ensisheim .

literature

  • Alfons Peter, The Klettgau District Court , dissertation, Zurich, 1966
  • Hans Brandeck, History of the City of Tiengen , 1937

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Alfons Peter, Das Landgericht Klettgau , p. 44.
  2. ^ Brandeck, Geschichte der Stadt Tiengen, 1937, p. 106
  3. ↑ Alfons Peter, Das Landgericht Klettgau , p. 36 ff.
  4. ^ Brigitte Matt-Willmatt / Karl-Friedrich Hoggenmüller: Lauchringen. Chronicle of a community. Ed .: Municipality of Lauchringen, Verlag K. Zimmermann, Konstanz 1986, p. 117.
  5. ↑ Alfons Peter, Das Landgericht Klettgau , p. 39
  6. ↑ Brigitte Matt-Willmatt, Karl-Friedricht Hoggenmüller: Lauchringen - Chronik einer Gemeinde , Gemeinde Lauchringen (ed.), Lauchringen 1985 p. 117