District of Esch

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The German- administered Luxembourg district of Esch existed between 1940 and 1944 , when Luxembourg was under German occupation .

The district of Esch with its administrative headquarters in Esch / Alzig (= Esch-sur-Alzette ) comprised on September 1, 1944:

  • 3 cities,
  • 40 parishes.

Administrative history

The occupation

The district of Luxembourg with the seat of the administration in the city ​​of Luxembourg belonged to the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg at the beginning of the Second World War .

Right at the beginning of the German campaign in the west , the district of Luxembourg was occupied on May 10, 1940 by Wehrmacht troops from the direction of Trier and placed under German military administration.

German civil administration

Since August 2, 1940, the district of Luxembourg belonged to the district of the chief of civil administration in the CdZ area of ​​Luxembourg . A German administrative commissioner was installed in Luxembourg City to manage it .

The ordinance on the administrative structure in Luxembourg of November 14, 1940 transformed the previous district of Luxembourg into the new district of Esch based on the German model from December 1, 1940 . The town of Esch / Alzig (= Esch-sur-Alzette) was the seat of the district administration, which was now headed by a district administrator .

The end

In September 1944 the district was occupied by US troops and Luxembourg administrative structures were set up again.

Local constitution

Since December 1, 1940, the municipalities have been subject to the German municipal code of January 30, 1935, which provided for the enforcement of the Führer principle at the municipality level.

On April 1, 1942, the Prussian official regulations of October 8, 1934 were introduced. This meant that the previous cantons fell away. As in the Prussian Rhine Province in the German Empire, several municipalities were now jointly administered by an official mayor .

On April 1, 1943, the following municipalities were incorporated from the district of Esch into the city and urban district of Luxembourg :

  • the municipalities of Hesperingen ( partially , namely the municipal parts Fentingen and Hesperingen in full, furthermore the municipal parts Alzingen and Itzig each partially ), Niederanwen ( partially , namely 3 parcels of the Grünewald) and Walferdingen (including the municipal parts Bereldingen and Helmsingen) from the Luxembourg-Land office ,
  • the municipality of Straßen from the Mamer office .

The district was most recently divided into the cities of Esch / Alzig , Differdingen and Dudelange and 40 other municipalities. All municipalities - except the cities - were combined in the offices of Bettembourg , Esch-Land, Luxemburg-Land, Mersch , Petingen , Rümelingen and Steinfort .

Place names

After August 2, 1940, the previous place names initially continued to apply. On March 12, 1941, in view of the planned incorporation of the district into the German Reich, the place names were either confirmed in their previous spelling, adapted to modern German spelling or, in the case of French translations, the original German name versions were restored as official versions, for example: