Turek County
Turek County was the name of a German administrative unit in occupied Poland (1939-45) during World War II .
Prehistory (1793 to 1807)
After the Second Partition of Poland from 1793 to 1807, the area around the western Polish city of Turek belonged temporarily to the Sieradz district in the Prussian province of South Prussia .
Administrative history
At the beginning of the Second World War , German troops occupied the western Polish powiat Turek , the district town of Turek was captured on September 9, 1939.
On October 26, 1939, the powiat was annexed to the German Reich under the name Landkreis Turek , which as a unilateral act of violence was ineffective under international law. The district became part of the administrative district Kalisch (from 1941: administrative district Litzmannstadt) in the Reichsgau Wartheland .
The district town of Turek became the seat of the German district office .
The German occupation ended with the invasion of the Red Army in January 1945.
politics
Land Commissioner
- 1939 : Klemm
District administrators
- 1939-1945: Klemm
Municipal structure
The "Turek District" was initially divided into four municipalities ( Turek , Uniejów , Dobra and Tuliszków) and 16 rural municipalities, which were combined in administrative districts , and from April 1, 1943 into one urban municipality (Turek) and 13 rural municipalities or administrative districts.
size
The district of Turek had an area of about 1300 km².
population
The district of Turek had in 1941: 101,866 mostly Polish inhabitants.
The German occupation authorities drove over 22,000 Poles from the area between December 1, 1939 and December 31, 1943.
Before the occupation, the Jewish population made up about a quarter of the total population of the powiat . At the beginning of the war, some fled from the Germans inland. The remaining Jews were initially concentrated in ghettos and murdered in the Chełmno extermination camp in 1942 .
A small German minority, which before the occupation made up about 5% of the total population, lived in the area of the Powiat since the beginning of the 19th century. Its center was the city of Władysławów. During the occupation, Germans were also settled (a total of 15,571 people in 1942, about 12% of the population). After the occupation ended, most of the Germans left the area.
Place names
On May 18, 1943, all places with a post or train station were given German names, mostly phonetic adjustments, translations or free inventions.
List of cities and administrative districts in Turek County:
| Polish name | German name (1943–1945) | Polish name | German name (1943–1945) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brudzew | Two churches | Pęczniew |
1939–1943 Penczniew 1943–1945 Quillern |
| Dobra | 1939–1943 Doberbühl 1943–1945 Hohenbühl |
Przykona | Prickling |
| Gluchów | Taubhagen | Goszczanów | Gastau |
| Świnice Warckie | Schwinitz | ||
| Jeziorsko | Sea breadth | Tuliszków | Tuli show |
| Kowale Pańskie | Kowale Panskie | Turek | Turek |
| Malanów | Kreuzkamp | Uniejów |
1939–1943 Brückstädt 1943–1945 Fuhrmannstädt |
| Niewiesz | Weiblitz | Władysławów | 1939–1945 Rosterschütz |
| Orzeszków | Orzeszkow | ||
| Psary | 1943–1945 Hundshagen |
Web links
- Turek district administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of August 19, 2013.