District of Kalisch
Kalisch district was the name of a German administrative unit in occupied Poland (1939–45) during World War II .
Prehistory (1793 to 1807)
After the Second Partition of Poland from 1793 to 1807, the area around the western Polish city of Kalisz belonged temporarily to the Prussian province of South Prussia as a separate district of Kalisch .
Administrative history
At the beginning of the Second World War , German troops occupied the western Polish powiat Kalisz , the district town of Kalisz was captured on September 4, 1939.
On October 26, 1939, the powiat was annexed to the German Reich under the name of Landkreis Kalisch , which as a unilateral act of violence was ineffective under international law. The district became part of the administrative district Kalisch (from 1941 administrative district Litzmannstadt ) in the Reichsgau Wartheland .
The seat of the German district office was the district town of Kalisz , which did not belong to the district, but formed its own urban district .
The German occupation ended with the invasion of the Red Army in January 1945.
politics
Land Commissioner
- 1939 : Marggraf
District administrators
- 1939-1945: Marggraf
Municipal structure
The localities in the district of Kalisch were initially grouped into 20, from 1943 then into 16 districts .
expansion
The district of Kalisch had an area of 1480 km².
population
In 1941, the district of Kalisch had 140,790 mostly Polish inhabitants.
The German occupation authorities expelled 30,000 Poles from the city of Kalisz alone by 1944 , and almost 28,000 Poles from the surrounding district between December 1, 1939 and December 31, 1943.
The Jewish population was initially concentrated in ghettos , deported to the Łódź ghetto in 1942 and then murdered in the Auschwitz extermination camp .
The Germans temporarily settled in the “district” (15,434 people in 1942, around 12% of the population, 10,441 people in the city of Kalisz , around 22% of the drastically reduced city population) fled again towards the end of the German occupation.
Place names
By order of the district administrator in Kalisz , on November 17th and 30th, 1939, a number of places were given new German names on their own initiative, mostly phonetic adjustments, translations or free inventions. On May 18, 1943, all places in the Wartheland with a post or train station were given German names, with some deviations.
List of cities and administrative districts in the district of Kalisch:
| Polish name | German name (1939-1945) | Polish name | German name (1939-1945) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Błaszki | Schwarzau | Kamień | Steinhofen |
| Blizanów | Schrammhausen | Korzeniev | Root digging |
| Boryslawice | Karlsdorf | Koźminek |
1939–1943 Bornhagen 1943–1945 Bornhag |
| Brzeziny | Forest water | Lisków |
1939–1943 Schöndorf 1943–1945 Schönort |
| Ceków | Loyalty victories | Opatówek | Spade fields |
| Chocz | 1939–1943 Petershagen 1943–1945 Petersried |
Rajsko |
1939–1943 Hohenacker 1943–1945 Hochacker |
| Godziesze Wielkie | 1939–1943 Hohenfelde 1943–1945 Hohensiedel |
Staw | Ponds |
| Ivanowice | Feldenrode | Stawiszyn |
1939–1943 Stavenshagen 1943–1945 Stavensheim |
| Jastrzębniki | 1939–1945 Vogelsang 1943–1945 Vogelfeld |
Tykadłów |
1939–1943 Weizenfelde 1943–1945 Weizenort |
| Kalisz | Kalisch | Zbiersk | Vorwalde |
Web links
- District of Kalisch administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of August 19, 2013.