Landstrasse 90

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Template: Infobox high-level road / Maintenance / IL-H
90 כביש (Highway 90) in Israel
Landstrasse 90
Basic data
Operator:
Start of the street: Eilat
( 29 ° 29 ′  N , 34 ° 54 ′  E )
End of street: Metulla
( 33 ° 17 ′  N , 35 ° 34 ′  E )
Overall length: 480 km

מחוזות ( District ):

Dead Sea-14.jpg
The dead sea road
Road course at Qumran
Road course near Jericho 1992

The Israeli-Palestinian Highway 90 ( Hebrew כביש 90, German: Highway 90) is a continuously paved road that connects the city of Eilat on the Red Sea along the Dead Sea via the Jordan Valley with the far north of Israel .

meaning

For Israel, Highway 90, which is around 480 kilometers long, forms the country's direct north-south axis. During the occupation of the West Bank, it was of particular military importance in the area of ​​the Jordan Valley, as it was used to secure the border with the neighboring Kingdom of Jordan . Armed Palestinian combatants , who carried out attacks and sabotage , entered the area. Israel has declared 400 square kilometers a closed military zone in the Jordan Valley of the West Bank. These include areas for military training by the IDF , minefields and security areas with the use of firearms.

In the Jordan Valley between the Dead Sea and northern Israel, it forms one of the main development routes for all settlements in the eastern part of the Judean Mountains, for facilities for the politically controversial water abstraction and for agricultural operations in the Jordan plain. Agricultural use is an important part of Israel's food exports, but it is also important for the Palestinian economy. About 53,000 Palestinians and some Bedouin communities live in the Jordan Valley of the West Bank area .

Since May 2005, Palestinians with residence rights in the Jordan Valley have been allowed to use highway 90 again.

Important villages on Landstrasse 90

from North to south:

course

Highway 90 runs in southern Israel from the border with Egypt for a few kilometers along the Red Sea to Eilat. From there it goes north through the Arava Valley on the edge of the desert region of the Negev , with some prehistoric and ancient sites as well as the Jotvata reserve lying along its route . At Neve Zohar , where road 31 branches off in the direction of Arad , it touches the immediate vicinity of the Dead Sea for the first time, the west bank of which it now follows in parallel. North of En Gedi , it passes a checkpoint, after which the road continues to follow the Dead Sea. In this area lies the Judean Mountains to the west and the archaeological site of Qumran at the northern end of the Dead Sea . The section along the Dead Sea is called the Dead Sea Highway . A few kilometers north of the Dead Sea, Highway 1 goes west towards Jerusalem and Tel Aviv .

Highway 90 leads around Jericho in a wide arc to the east. On this route the road branches off to the Allenby Bridge border crossing to Jordan. Further up in the Jordan Valley, Highway 90 passes smaller agricultural settlements. At Yafit there is a branch to the nearby Jordan Valley Memorial , which commemorates soldiers of the Israeli army who have died while serving in the Jordan Valley since 1967. Further north of it crosses highway 57, which comes down from Nablus in the Judean mountains and leads to a closed border crossing ( Damiya Bridge ) on the Jordan. After this crossing point, the highway 90 leads very close to the strongly meandering Jordan and is partially protected by special border structures. Eventually she leaves the West Bank at a checkpoint north of Mehola .

Vehicles with Israeli license plates are generally not checked at the checkpoints on Highway 90.

At the height of Bet She'an, road 71 from Afula crosses , which leads east to the northern border crossing to Jordan. Finally, Highway 90 reaches the Sea of ​​Galilee and turns west, while Highway 92 circles the lake in an eastward direction. Highway 90 runs on its western bank to Tiberias , where highway 77 , which runs from Haifa and Nazareth , also joins. Following the lakeshore in a north-easterly direction, it crosses a lowland near Migdal and leaves its area at a fork in the road, where road 87 branches off to the east to the Golan Heights . From this point on, the route extends again in a northerly direction, past a westerly junction of Highway 85 to Akko , until it reaches the junction of Highway 91 to Kuneitra and Damascus , which was originally of great military importance. Further north at the foot of the slopes of the wooded mountains in Jabal Amel , which belong to Israel , the road in the Chula plain reaches the small town of Kirjat Shmona . After this place, road 99 branches off in an easterly direction, on which one can reach the Hermon massif with the only winter sports area in Israel. With its last northern section, it now reaches the strongly fortified border town of Metulla directly on the border with Lebanon. There are no border crossings between Israel and Lebanon.

With its entire course, Highway 90 follows the Jordan Rift , the northern part of the large tectonic structure of the Great African Rift Valley .

Selected sights

Caves around Qumran
"Safari" monument in Metulla

literature

  • Zsuzsa Balla et Aleja: Israel, Israël, Izrael . 1: 500,000. Budapest (Cartographia) 1990, ISBN 963-351-510-6
  • The great polyglot. Israel. Munich (Polyglot) 1990

Web links

Commons : Landstrasse 90  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ United Nations, Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs: Restrictions on the movement of people and goods within the West Bank, Chapter 2.3 Closed Areas; 2.3.1 Jordan Valley. East Jerusalem November 2005 (English)