Langemarckstrasse (Bremen)
| Langemarckstrasse | |
|---|---|
.svg){kind=small} |
|
| Basic data | |
| city | Bremen |
| district | Neustadt |
| Created | 17th century |
| Cross streets | Teerhof , Am Deich, Grünenstrasse, Westerstr. , Große Annenstr., Große Johannisstr., Neustadtswall, Neustadtscontrescarpe , Mainstr ., Lahnstr ., Pappelstr ., Erlenstr ., Neuenlander Str., Duckwitzstr. . |
| Buildings | University of Applied Sciences Bremen , school on Langemarckstrasse |
| use | |
| User groups | Tram, cars, bikes and pedestrians |
| Road design | two- to four-lane road, two tram tracks |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | 2950 meters |
The Langemarckstraße is a historical street in north-south direction in the Bremer Neustadt (Bremen) . It is one of the three central main streets that lead from the new town to the city center. It leads from the Bürgermeister-Smidt-Brücke past the Teerhof over the Kleine Weser to Neuenlander Strasse / Duckwitzstrasse .
The cross streets were u. a. named as Am Deich after the Neustadtsdeich der Weser , Grünenstraße after the chestnuts and lime trees that stood on this old street from 1689 to 1849, Westerstraße after its western location, Große Annenstraße after the first name Anne, Große Johannisstraße after the first name Johann, 1626 as Johannissgasse, Neustadtswall and Neustadtscontrescarpe named after the Neustadtswallanlagen and the Contrescarpe , the opposite side of the ditch, Neuenlander Straße after the street village of Neuenland or the terrain corridor from the 13th century and Duckwitzstraße 1909 after Mayor and Reich Minister of Trade Arnold Duckwitz (1802–1881); otherwise see the link to the streets.
history
Names
The street was called Neue Allee since the 18th century , then after 1800 to the north Grosse Allee and up to the city moat Kleine Allee . The southern part of the street was called from Neustadtscontrecarpe Meterstrasse .
The whole street was named in 1937 by the National Socialists after the town of Langemark in the Belgian province of West Flanders , where the First Battle of Flanders or Ypres Battle of the First World War between German and Allied ( France , Great Britain , Belgium ) troops took place from October to November 1914 many fallen soldiers. Over 250,000 dead, wounded and missing had to be mourned. In the myth of Langemarck , the costly Battle of Langemarck was propagandistically glorified by the German Reich and glorified by the Nazis. A monument from that period was later overturned.
An initiative to rename Langemarckstrasse was unsuccessful. However, in 1992 a plaque was placed in front of the Bremen University of Applied Sciences, which refers to Langemarck's past. This board was later dismantled and is to be rebuilt in another location in 2020.
development
In the 17th century, the city fortifications of Bremen had to be redesigned and expanded for technical reasons. Bremer Neustadt was initially created not so much to take up space, but to protect Bremen with fortifications on the left bank of the Weser . The old Neustadt was settled only slowly . The larger share of the area remained garden land for a long time. The Neue Allee , which led to the Hohe Thors Bastion , was built
in the Alte Neustadt , initially very wide when coming from the Weser and then still narrow from Westerstraße .
19th century
The fortifications were no longer up to date by 1800 and they were removed. The Neustadt could leisurely expand to Neuenlander Straße. The front part of the street was called Große Allee and from Westerstraße Kleine Allee . The course of the road was still interrupted by the city moat until 1891. In 1875 the Kaiserbrücke was built on the site of the present-day Bürgermeister-Smidt-Brücke and for the first time connected the former Große Allee with the Bürgermeister-Smidt-Straße in the Mitte district via the Weser . In the 19th century there were mainly two- but also three-story buildings on the street. The Neustadtsgraben was only filled in here in 1891 and instead preserved and later expanded green spaces were created. In 1894, what was later called the school on Langemarckstrasse was built , which housed the first technical center in the south-west wing. In 1906, a new building was opened opposite the school, today the M-wing of the University of Bremen . These buildings and the green area still shape the street today.
In 1909, on the initiative of Carl Schütte, the road (then Meterstrasse ) was further expanded to the south as far as Neuenlander Strasse .
During the Second World War , the northern area of the road close to the Weser suffered considerable damage. After the war, the destroyed bridge over the Weser was inaugurated in 1952 as the Bürgermeister-Smidt-Brücke , thus re-establishing the connection from Langemarckstrasse to the city center.
The Beck brewery created up to five-storey industrial buildings on the west side of the Weser. There was a parking lot on the former Grüner Kamp square after 1945 and the brewery's Beck's logistics center was built after 2000. Opposite are the former Jacobs-Kaffee buildings, which are now owned by the Kraft Foods Group .
traffic
The first electric tram in Neustadt drove over the Kaiserbrücke to the Große Allee . This line was built in 1887 and electrified in 1890.
Today (2020) the Langemarckstraße will be used by tram lines 1 / N1 ( Huchting - Mahndorf station ) and 8 (Huchting - Kulenkampffallee ).
In the city bus traffic the road pass through the bus lines 26 ( Überseestadt ↔ Kattenturm ), 27 (Weidedamm North ↔ Brinkum-Nord) and 63 ( Central Station ↔ freight village ), and the night line N9 ( Neue Vahr-Nord ↔ Kattenturm). There are also regional bus routes 101, 102, 120, 121, 226, 750 and N12.
building
South of the green space to Neuenlander Strasse , two-, then three and later four-storey residential and commercial buildings were built, many of them from around 1900. a .:
- No. 4: 36-meter tall Jacobs manufacturing tower from 1962 based on plans by Theodor Rosenbusch; later as an office building at Kraft and currently the German headquarters of Mondelēz International . In 2008 the building was renovated.
- No. 12/16: Six-story administration building by Kraft
- The Beck's logistics center according to plans by Schulze and Pampus from after 2000 with green, translucent glass blocks; the facade design was awarded a Bremen BDA award in 2010 .
- No. 113: Former three-storey, historicizing , listed school on Langemarckstrasse from 1894 based on plans by Heinrich Flügel vom ( Building Inspection Bremen ) with a brick facade. Until 1938 it was called Schule an der Kleine Allee and was an elementary school with 16 classes. From around 1988 to 2010 this was the seat of the Neustadt / Woltmershausen local authority . Today (2016) are here u. a. a day care center, the patent and standards center of the Bremen University of Applied Sciences and facilities of the Bremen Student Union.
- No. 116: 5-storey M-wing of the Bremen University of Applied Sciences from 1906 according to plans by Hugo Wagner with a clinker facade and structure made of sandstone; In 2002, according to plans by Wolfram Dahms and Frank Sieder, heightened with glass and gray balustrade elements.
- No. 138: Seat of the Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Bremen
Art objects
- Fallen memorial of the technical colleges from 1934 in front of the M-wing of the University of Bremen. The memorial was knocked over and damaged in 1988 and converted into a memorial in 1992 with an explanatory plaque. After the construction of a pavilion in front of the university, the monument was renovated and put up again in 2020.
See also
literature
- Eberhard Syring: Bremen and its buildings - 1950 - 1979 . Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 2014, ISBN 978-3-944552-30-9 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Fritz Peters: Bremen between 1933 and 1945: Eine Chronik , p. 134.
- ↑ https://www.weser-kurier.de/bremen/stadtteile/stadtteile-bremen-nordost_artikel,-Langemarckstrasse-symbolisch-umbenannt-_arid,950801.html
- ↑ https://www.ortsamt-woltmershausen.bremen.de/sixcms/media.php/13/180920_Beir_N_Langemarck_Gedenktafel.pdf
- ^ Floor plan of the city of Bremen, Carl Ludwig Murtfeldt 1796
- ↑ Bremen and its buildings 1900 , pp. 258–260.
- ↑ Karin Mörtel: Controversial helmet is supposed to serve peace. War memorial as a symbol of peace . In: Weser-Kurier from April 1, 2020.
Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ 16 ″ N , 8 ° 47 ′ 23 ″ E