Leitmar

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Leitmar
City of Marsberg
Leitmar coat of arms
Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ′ 11 ″  N , 8 ° 52 ′ 2 ″  E
Height : 378 m
Area : 6.12 km²
Residents : 346  (2017)
Population density : 57 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 34431
Area code : 02993
Aerial photo (2013)
Aerial photo (2013)

Leitmar is a district of the town of Marsberg in the eastern Sauerland with almost 350 inhabitants and is 407.8 m above sea level. NN (Am Homberg). The area of ​​the place is 6.1 km².

geography

Place-name sign at the entrance to the town from the direction of Heddinghausen

A better name interpretation enables geographical connections. The village of Leitmar is located south of the city of Marsberg , 6 km as the crow flies, in a valley, the slopes of which rise gently and continuously in the north and east to Homberg (408 m), Oberstädter Wald and Eichholz and are mainly used for grain cultivation. The meadows lie on the edge of the village, line Hagebornsweg and the county road to the forest to the right and left. In the Glindetal and on the Teufelspfad, the wet meadows are used for hay extraction and grazing. The red-toned slopes to the Trompeter and forest are fertile, as is the flat ridge “Auf der Hünenburg” with the Zechstein underground.

This source area of ​​the Glinde has always been the cheapest for settlement. Ranges of hills all around protect the village and fields from cold north and east winds. In this catchment area the Glinde and the Hageborn and the Bach of the Trumpeter begin. Its waters flow in a northerly direction along the Diemel along the wooded steep slopes of Homberg, Hengesberg, Iberg, Höling, Wulsenberg, Jittenberg and Bilstein, as do five other streams with their origins in the Waldecker Tafelland.

It can be assumed that the "Ursiedler" or the "first Leitmarer" built their houses a long time ago in the valley between Homberg and Hünenburg and found a sufficient livelihood. On their forays they surely grasped the geographical connections between the source area and the direction of the river Glinde.

At some point they themselves could have called their Loithar = Leitmar settlement in the sense of "village in the source area of ​​the Ar or Mar, which directs its water along the steep slopes". Leitmar as a village on the "Hangleite" would have such a geographical origin.

WETEKAM also interprets Leihe, old high German lethi, as a Bergleite, that is, as a settlement on the mountain.

history

Leitmar is first mentioned in 1101 (2001 900 years) as Loithar in the founding document of the Boke monastery. That year, Count Erpo von Padberg , who owned real estate here, donated an estate in Loithar to the monastery in Boke he had founded. 1120 the village is one of the Dotal estates of the Flechtdorf monastery as a Padberg property. At this time, the Helmarshausen monastery should also have owned it. In the middle of the 14th century, the Bredelar monastery in Leitmar also owned goods. In 1348 the Lords of Brobecke left their property inside and outside the village of Leitmar to the Bredelar Monastery. Corvey Monastery was also considered a landowner in Leitmar in the 14th century. The estates probably also included the farms and tithes in the hands of von Horhusen and von Dodinghausen. In 1450 the von Brobecke sold their rights to Leitmar to the Bredelar monastery. In the 14th and 15th centuries, the majority of the village came to the House of Canstein . The village often caused disputes between Canstein and Waldeck , which lasted mainly in the 15th century. The Cansteiners temporarily pledged the property in Leitmar, then Lethmere, to the Bredelar monastery. From these it was redeemed by Count von Waldeck, who had already bought part of the rights of Friedrich Rabe von Canstein in 1444. In that year the von Canstein Leitmar ceded to Waldeck as a fief. The Waldecker gave it back as early as 1491. In 1503/06 Leitmar is contractually part of the Canstein lordship, an almost independent lordship with full jurisdiction, including the neck court, which also included Canstein , Udorf , Heddinghausen and Borntosten . Since 1550 the place counts with Canstein and various other places to the county Marsberg . A lapel shows that Waldeck still kept property in Leitmar, which was borne by von Canstein and von Spiegel zu Lehen. In 1656 Thielen Anna from Leitmar was the victim of witch hunt .

Leitmar does not seem to have been spared from the devastation towards the end of the Middle Ages. In 1490 the place is described as desolate, but it can be assumed that there was resettlement as early as the beginning of the 16th century.

On January 1, 1975, Leitmar was incorporated into the new town of Marsberg.

Village name

There are currently two known names. Friedrich Heithorst († August 4, 1984) reported that when he was at school, the name was explained with the first syllable “suffering” or “need” with reference to the nearby wet meadows in the Teufelspfad and Huxol corridors. Thus, the village name Leitmar would include in its original meaning: Suffering or distress village on the water. Since the wet meadows mentioned above are very small and insignificant compared to the rest of the village, a negative naming by the early settlers is unlikely.

After the Second World War, the retired district judge Ludwig von Canstein lived temporarily in the village. In a lecture on the history of the local area, he also discussed the meaning of the place name. For him, the first syllable “Leit” meant “to guide” or “to guide”, the second syllable “Mar” as much as “mare”. The contemptuous expression for "bad horse" originally meant mare.

From time immemorial, so his argumentation, horses were legally, occasionally illegally imported or carried in Leitmar, that is, "directed" from the exclave of Volkmarsen . A supporting source reference can not be determined. In this lecture there was also talk of a "Leitmarer horse", which later served as the starting point for heraldic elements. Ludwig von Canstein thus explained the origin of the village name in the sense of "horse-lane". Evidently, there were relationships between the exclave of Volkmarsen and the lordship of Canstein, but historically deriving the village name Leitmar as a "introduction or passage" of horses is not convincing.

In the following explanations, an attempt should be made to make the meaning of the village name understandable. Loithar (= Leitmar) is first mentioned in a document in 1101 and 1121, was owned by Padberg and is in the 14th / 15th centuries. Came to Canstein in the 19th century. Around 1300 the Archbishop of Cologne acquired the Canstein and later also the jurisdiction from the Count of Everstein . From then on, Cologne enfeoffed the ravens of Canstein and later also the lords of Spiegel.

In 1513 Leitmar was contractually assigned to the lordship of Canstein, which argued for a long time with Waldeck about it. The Canstein lordship with the villages of Borntosten, Canstein, Heddinghausen, Leitmar and Udorf existed until 1802 and was then owned by Hessen-Darmstadt.

On March 28, 1945, a staff of 20 Luftwaffe soldiers moved into quarters in the village. In the afternoon of the same day a group of the Waffen SS marched through the village in the direction of Marsberg. At 4 p.m. on March 29, the first US tanks rolled through the village from the south without occupying it. The air force soldiers had fled beforehand. The next day, US soldiers arriving opened fire on four Wehrmacht soldiers who were trying to flee. One of the soldiers was wounded and the rest were taken prisoner. A large US camp with up to 1,000 soldiers was set up south of the village from April 4th to April 27th. There were several thefts and assaults by former prisoners from other locations in the period that followed.

In the Second World War , 22 Leitmar soldiers died, 17 of them on the Eastern Front .

politics

Mayor

Leitmar has a mayor who represents the interests of the place and its citizens to the Marsberg City Council. He is also entrusted with administrative tasks by the mayor of Marsberg.

coat of arms

Blazon : “Split into silver (white) and red, covered with a continuous black cross; In front, growing out of the right cross bar, an upright golden (yellow) wheat ear, floating underneath a black hammer and a black mallet; behind, covering the left cross bar, St. Sturmius in a silver (white) robe, with a continuous black paw cross in his left hand, black hair and black shoes. "

The coat of arms symbolizes agriculture (ear of corn), the earlier copper mining (hammer and mallet) and the Christian tradition of the community (Sankt Sturmius , former abbot of the Fulda monastery ). The bar cross is taken from the coat of arms of the diocese of Fulda.

media

literature

  • Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 - reports from many employees from all over the district. Josefs-Druckerei, Bigge 1955.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ City of Marsberg: Demographic Development 1997–2017. In: City of Marsberg IKEK. Retrieved September 15, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Source: Wilhelm Kupitz, Leitmar
  3. ↑ (1936, p. 179; see also WASSERZIEHER 1952, p. 274)
  4. ^ From "Marsberg 89" contributions to urban history, editor: Johannes Bödger, publisher: Druckerei Joh. Schulte
  5. ↑ DUDEN etymology. Dictionary of origin of the German language. Mannheim / Vienna / Zurich 1963
  6. ↑ ROTHER, Josef: local history of the county Brilon. Munster 1956
  7. ↑ WASSERZAUHER, Ernst: Where from? Deriving dictionary of the German language. Bonn 1952
  8. ^ Wetekam, Robert: Vasbeck. Mengeringhausen 1936
  9. ↑ Alexander Josef Freiherr von Elverfeldt : From the shameful vice of magic. Witch trials in the patrimonial court of Canstein in the second half of the 17th century , Canstein 2006
  10. ↑ Reference: Archived copy ( memento of the original from March 24, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.leitmar.de
  11. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 332 .
  12. ↑ cf. DUDEN Etymologie 1963, p. 416 f.
  13. ↑ cf. RÜTHER 1956, p. 368
  14. ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . 1955, section Leitmar, pp. 86-88.
  15. ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . 1955, honor roll section Leitmar, pp. 224–225.