Giershagen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Giershagen
City of Marsberg
Coat of arms of Giershagen
Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ′ 19 "  N , 8 ° 49 ′ 34"  E
Height : 410 m above sea level NN
Area : 15.73 km²
Residents : 1393  (2017)
Population density : 89 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 34431
Area code : 02991
Aerial photo (2013)
Aerial photo (2013)

Giershagen is a district of the city of Marsberg in the eastern Sauerland with about 1400 inhabitants and is about 410  m above sea level. NN . The area of ​​the place is 15.7 km². The village is largely surrounded by the open spaces around Giershagen .

Catholic Church of St. Fabian and Sebastian

history

Early history

The village of Giershagen is the younger name for the older, desolate settlements of Ober- and Niederupsprunge as well as parts of Esbikes and Ekesbikes. These settlements may have been founded between 500 and 800.

The Upsprunge settlement was first mentioned in documents in 948, when King Otto I gave Count Haold various goods in the Ittergau , including the Upspringun estate (also known as Upsprunge).

A distinction has been made between Ober- and Niederupsprunge since 1223. The former desert of Niederupsprunge can be found in the area around the Kluskapelle , Oberupsprunge as today's place Giershagen.

On April 1, 1900 Giershagen lost an area with an area of ​​18.36 km 2 to form the new municipality of Bredelar .

Second World War

In mid-February 1945 a department of the Todt Organization was relocated to Giershagen. The men worked on the construction of the Taube II hydrogenation plant near Bredelar . On the evening of March 28th and all night, fleeing Wehrmacht units marched north through the village in front of the approaching US Army . Some took up quarters in the village that night. A captain died of an injury and was buried in the village cemetery on April 1st. When the arrival of US troops from the direction of Adorf was reported on March 29 , the last German soldiers moved towards Bredelar. A German vehicle was set on fire by a US armored car; the vehicle crew surrendered unharmed. Endless columns of tanks and other American vehicles now rolled through the village. The end of the column swerved in the direction of Obermarsberg , as the Bredelar level crossing was blocked by a train. The head of the US troops had fired on this passenger train with attached flak train from the Hoppeckebrücke and stopped it by hitting the locomotive. Soon 600 captured Germans were brought back to Giershagen and a prison camp was set up at Fobbe's farm. Among them were many paramedics, doctors and Red Cross nurses who were in the stopped passenger train. On the orders of the Americans, many houses had to be evacuated within two hours and were then used by them. Two civilians from the village were mistakenly arrested and only came back weeks or months later. On April 1, the prisoners were brought to Bredelar by truck. From April 17, 150 former prisoners from Eastern European countries had to be housed in Giershagen. These had been stored in the woods around the village since the end of March. Foreigners and Germans from the village took part in the looting of the depot in the Bredelar monastery . As a result, Germans later had to experience house searches and the return of the looted property. On May 28, the foreigners were brought to the village of Hoppecke . Since the end of the war, there have been repeated attacks and looting by former prisoners in the village. A local police station could not prevent this. Three British soldiers were housed in the village as the village was now part of the British occupation zone. On the evening of April 22nd, a troop of 120 men, including SS men, who were supposed to belong to the werewolf , appeared and later moved on to food supply. On May 10, 11 armed Russians were arrested by British soldiers near the village.

In the Second World War , 95 Giershageners died as soldiers, most of them on the Eastern Front , or died in the hospital.

After 1945

On January 1, 1975 Giershagen was incorporated into the new town of Marsberg.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the former municipality of Giershagen

Blazon :

Split by black and silver; in front a slanted golden abbot's staff , covered by a two-row red and white shafted oblique left-hand bar (so-called Cistercian bar ) behind a standing monk in a black dome , with a black staff in his right hand and a black codex in his left.

Description: In a similar form, probably serving as a model, there is a representation in a heraldic cartouche , which is located at the apex of the wall arch on the organ loft of the parish church. In particular, the left part of the coat of arms, as mentioned above, reminds of the formerly strong connection with the Cistercian order (coat of arms of Bernhard von Clairvaux ) through the Bredelar Abbey , which was formerly located in the area of ​​Giershagen and which exercised jurisdiction in the place for centuries Ordered the village pastor. The black monk can be seen as a reference to the missionary activity of Irish Scottish Benedictines , who also Christianized today's Giershagen area at the time of the Carolingian Saxon Wars around the year 800 .

The official approval of the coat of arms in its current form took place on June 13, 1958.

Economic conditions

In the 16th century, the ore mines on the Teufelspfad, in Eckfeld, on the Wartersberg, on the Arnstein, in the Lülingshohl, on the Beringshof and on the Webel can be found around Giershagen. These supplied the metalworking huts in the area. There were 25 smelting works and 56 hammer smelters within a 25 km radius of the village. Mining came to a standstill around 1800 when all pits were closed due to a lack of charcoal. Because of the need for charcoal, the forests in the region had been cleared. In a report on the famine of 1810 it is noted that in the villages of Giershagen, Padberg and Helminghausen three-quarters of the inhabitants worked in the coal and steel industry. By 1861, 19 ore mines in the Giershagen and Adorf area were merged under the name Grubenfeld Christiane . The ore went to the Theodorshütte in Bredelar. The most productive, the Eckefeld mining area, had belonged to Blücher AG from Dortmund since 1848 . Blücher AG was the first company from the Ruhr area to be active in mining in the Sauerland. The iron ore , with up to 49.7% iron content, was smelted in Dortmund. The 11,000 tons of iron ore from the Eckefeld mine were driven to the next train station in Warburg by horse and cart. In 1871 the Christiane pit and the Theodorshütte were taken over by Union AG in Dortmund . Industry took care of the construction of the upper Rohrtalbahn , which went into operation in 1873. In 1874 the Rhene-Diemeltalbahn from Bredelar to Adorf was put into operation. 25 freight wagons with iron ore were delivered from Bredelar to the Ruhr area every day. In the village, 745 people worked in mining (60% of the working population). At the beginning of 1892 there was a miners' strike because wages were reduced by 20% due to competitive pressure. By 1900, all mines were gradually shut down. In the first half of the 20th century, the strontium mineral coelestin was mined north of the village in the Giershagen Coelesting mine , at the exit of the Mühlental valley in Schürfen and Pingen . In the village there is still the Knappenverein Glück Auf , founded in 1873 , the only Knappenverein east of Dortmund, and since 2011 the Giershagener Mining Traces circular hiking trail .

Agriculture predominated in Giershagen for many centuries. The mechanization of agriculture has led to a further decline in the peasant population in recent decades. After part of the Paul Krengel paper factory ( Wepa paper factory ) was initially set up in the Schützenhalle in 1961 and a paper factory was set up on the outskirts of Giershagen in 1968, Giershagen became an agricultural and commercial community.

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 - reports from many employees from all over the district. Josefs-Druckerei, Bigge 1955.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ City of Marsberg: Demographic Development 1997–2017. In: City of Marsberg IKEK. Retrieved September 15, 2018 .
  2. ^ Ulrich Bockshammer, Older Territorialgeschichte der Grafschaft Waldeck , Elwertsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Marburg, 1958, page 19
  3. ↑ Ulrich Löer, The Archdiocese of Cologne: The noble Kanonissenstift St. Cyriakus zu Geseke , pp. 70–71, ISBN 978-3-11-019923-9
  4. ↑ Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 237 .
  5. ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . 1955, section Medebach, pp. 77-81.
  6. ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . 1955, honor roll section Giershagen, pp. 221–223.
  7. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 332 .
  8. ^ Eduard Belke, Alfred Bruns, Helmut Müller: Communal coats of arms of the Duchy of Westphalia. Arnsberg 1986, p. 149 ISBN 3-87793-017-4
  9. ↑ Reinhard Schandelle: In the footsteps of the miners. Sauerland 2011/3: 175179

Web links

Commons : Giershagen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files