Bredelar

Bredelar City of Marsberg
Coordinates: 51 ° 25 ′ 17 ″  N , 8 ° 46 ′ 37 ″  E
Height :	291 m above sea level NN
Area :	17.85 km²
Residents :	1129  (2017)
Population density :	63 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	1st January 1975
Postal code :	34431
Area code :	02991
Aerial photo (2013)

Bredelar through town

Bredelar is a village in the east of the Sauerland . From 1900 to 1974 it formed an independent municipality in the Niedermarsberg district . Since 1975 it has been a town in the city ​​of Marsberg in the North Rhine-Westphalian Hochsauerlandkreis .

As of December 31, 2012, 1193 persons were registered with their main or secondary residence in Bredelar.

The history of the village is closely linked to the Bredelar monastery .

geography

Bredelar is on the B7 between Brilon in the west and Marsberg in the east. Neighboring villages are Beringhausen , Padberg , Giershagen and Brilon- Madfeld and the core town of Marsberg.

In the west, the development borders directly on Beringhausen, so that the two villages merge seamlessly into one another.

To the north-east of the town center, the residential area " Lichten Eichen " was built in the 1960s and 1970s on an area previously used for agriculture . Here you can find a few single-family houses from this time next to an old inn, all of which were built on land based on heritable building rights .

The Hoppecke flows through Bredelar . Behind the southern bank of the Hoppecke, steep mountain slopes up to peaks of 120 m ( Orthelle ) and 150 m ( Bellerstein ) can be observed above the valley floor.

See also : Protected landscape component of the Bredelar quarry

history

Bredelar Monastery

Catholic parish church of Christ the King

The name of the place indicates a settlement that took place in the very early Middle Ages. In Old High German, namely, "lar" = pasture, so "Bredelar" = "extensive (broad) pasture", which refers to the meadows in the valley north of the Hoppecke.

The first documentary evidence Brede Lars to the year 1170 back when Cologne's Archbishop Philip I , a Premonstratensian - monastery donated. The Premonstratensian Monastery of Scheda received the spiritual supervision , the bailiwick rights lay with the Lords of Padberg . The foundation was made to a church consecrated to St. Lawrence , so that there is again evidence that the place must have been inhabited before.

Due to the “little laudable way of life” of the nuns, the foundation only existed for a short time. As early as 1196, Gottschalk von Padberg and Cologne's Archbishop Adolf I agreed to convert the monastery into a male monastery. The nuns were transferred to Rumbeck Abbey and replaced by Cistercians from Hardehausen Monastery . The further history of the village is initially closely linked to that of the monastery.

After the secularization of the monastery in 1803, the Theodorshütte was built on its site from 1826 . Since the monastery had more than 4,300 Prussian acres of forest, Bredelar became the seat of a chief forester, which was headed by Carl Böttger from 1857.

In 1864 the village had about 300 inhabitants.

The place itself initially belonged to today's neighboring municipality of Giershagen . On April 1, 1900, the municipality Bredelar then created in Office Niedermarsberg the circle Brilon . The background to this was the influx of several families and individuals, which took place due to a land purchase and relocation of the large landowner Koehne , which service personnel brought with them from their homeland of East Prussia . Due to the common denomination there, an unusually large number of people with Protestant beliefs settled in the predominantly Catholic Sauerland.

Due to a donation from the landlord, an evangelical church, today's Christ Church , was built in the village in 1901 . It was the first church in town at the time. For the inauguration, Empress Auguste Viktoria donated an altar Bible to the church, which is still on the altar today.

Second World War

A German soldier and a civilian were killed in an Allied air raid on March 26, 1945. The railway systems and numerous buildings were damaged to varying degrees. On March 29th, the first American soldiers from Giershagen reached the Hoppeckebrücke with their tanks. A hospital train with a flak train attached, which was leaving Bredelar, was shot at immediately. Due to hits in the boiler system of the locomotive, the train stopped exactly at the level crossing in the direction of Giershagen and blocked the advance. The US soldiers then captured around 600 German soldiers and Red Cross nurses from the train and brought them to Giershagen. Another flak train was abandoned and blown up by the Wehrmacht further east below the Johannis Bridge during the night, as Niedermarsberg was already occupied. On March 30, other US troops advanced from Marsberg. When the armored scout vehicle at the top reached the edge of the village, soldiers of the Waffen SS set it on fire, wounding a US soldier. The US soldiers immediately withdrew. After two hours of bombardment, during which 15 houses were damaged with varying degrees of severity, the village was taken. Two civilians were wounded during the bombardment and invasion. A third of the village had to be cleared for the US Army .

The looting of the textile warehouse in the former monastery began on April 12th. The US troops had apparently released this. In addition to former prisoners, locals from Bredelar and the surrounding area also took part in the looting.

In the days that followed, three other camps in the village were looted. In the following period there were also looting and theft of private property by former prisoners; up to 1300 stayed in the village. It took until the end of October for the former prisoners to be transported to their home or camp.

In the Second World War , 51 Bredelarians died as soldiers in the Wehrmacht, 40 of them on the Eastern Front . In honor of the fallen, a war memorial was erected in the garden area of ​​the former Protestant school.

From 1945

After the war, the population increased from 712 (1939) to 1272 (1950) due to the strong flow of refugees.

In 1961 the place had 1323 inhabitants with an area of ​​17.85 km², of which 851 were Catholic and 451 Protestant. In 1961, 19.4% of the labor force was employed in agriculture and forestry, 50.9% in manufacturing and the remainder in other occupations.

On January 1, 1975, Bredelar was incorporated into the new town of Marsberg as part of the regional reform in North Rhine-Westphalia .

Politics and responsibilities

The current mayor of Bredelar is Heinrich Emmerich.

Local writer is Dr. Daniel Hennig.

There is currently no local home attendant.

Worth seeing

Today there is a culture and conference center on the site of the former Bredelar Monastery and a museum, a room for art exhibitions and a show foundry in the former Theodorshütte.

The Catholic Christ the King Church , which is a listed building, and the Evangelical Christ Church are also worth seeing .

Bredelar is also known nationwide for the Saunaclub Parkschloss Dali, which has been located opposite the old monastery in the former manor of the Köhne family since the 1990s. A Spanish foundation filed a lawsuit in 2019 to force a name change.

economy

Thanks to its location on the B7 and the associated through traffic, Bredelar can look back on an almost sufficient supply of residents and visitors. In addition to a supermarket, two bank branches, traditional retail stores, service providers and craft businesses, medical care and a pharmacy are also ensured.

In the village, which flourished in tourism in the 1970s, you can still find some places to stop for refreshments or overnight stays.

Some commercial businesses are on the outskirts in the direction of Marsberg.

Events

The shooting festival takes place in Bredelar every year at Whitsun. In addition, every five years an emperor is excluded from all surviving former rifle kings.

Carnival is celebrated in Bredelar on the occasion of a ceremonial meeting including the proclamation of the prince.

In addition, the volunteer fire brigade celebrates a festival every summer for all citizens at their premises near Lichten Eichen.

tourism

Bredelar developed into a popular vacation spot in the late 1960s, especially for families from the Ruhr area and the Netherlands. In addition to the existing hotels and pensions, private rooms in private households were also increasingly offered; often with family members. Bredelar scored points with its many forest hiking trails and its proximity to Lake Diemelsee. Nowadays, the number of overnight guests has decreased significantly due to the changed travel mentality.

free time activities

There is an indoor tennis center in Bredelar. There is a small fitness center in the old Protestant school.

A football pitch is located on the outskirts in the direction of Beringhausen.

Bredelar offers extensive hiking trails, both in the large state forest, on the Forstenberg and on the Orthelle mountain. There is a forest path up there that leads to the Lourdes grotto with a statue of the Mother of God, which is visible from the site. From here you have an extensive view of the village.

The next indoor swimming pool and other sports facilities are located in the Marsberg city center.

coat of arms

Blazon In black over a silver, corrugated shield base, an inclined, golden abbot's staff with a crutch open to the left, covered with an inclined left bar nested in two rows of red and silver. description The waves symbolize the Hoppecke flowing through the town . The abbot's staff and the sloping beam formed the coat of arms of the former Bredelar monastery. Official approval took place on January 16, 1959.

traffic

Nowadays , the Upper Ruhr Valley Railway has a stop in Bredelar . The station, which was put into operation in 1873, became important in the following decades as an important location with over 30 switches and nine parallel tracks on the route between Bestwig in the east and Kassel in the west. From the 1960s the station lost its importance and was completely demolished in 1988. Today the route is single-lane.

The federal road 7 runs through the village . Buses run in all directions several times a day.

literature

• Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939–1945 . Experience reports from many employees from all over the district. Ed .: District administration Brilon. Brilon 1955, DNB  450625567 .

Web links

Commons : Bredelar  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Information from the city of Marsberg
• Bredelar in the Westphalia Culture Atlas

Individual evidence

1. ^ City of Marsberg: Demographic Development 1997–2017. In: City of Marsberg IKEK. Retrieved September 15, 2018 . 
2. ↑ Population development (HWS and NWS) in the towns of the city of Marsberg. (PDF) City of Marsberg, accessed on March 29, 2013 (11.18 kB).  
3. ^ Bredelar 111 years ago. April 2, 2011, accessed August 4, 2019 . 
4. ^ Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen, Westphalia department : First mention of the place: Bredelar: 1170 Scan of the original document
5. ↑ ^{a b} Bredelar. City of Marsberg, accessed March 29, 2013 .  
6. ^ Magdeburgische Zeitung of May 19, 1857.
7. ↑ Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 220 .
8. ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . Experience reports from many employees from all over the district. Ed .: District administration Brilon. Brilon 1955, DNB  450625567 , p. 85-86 .
9. ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . Experience reports from many employees from all over the district. Ed .: District administration Brilon. Brilon 1955, DNB  450625567 , p. 219–220 (roll of honor section Bredelar).
10. ↑ State Statistical Office of North Rhine-Westphalia (ed.): Statistical review for the district of Brilon . Düsseldorf 1967, DNB  458216224 , p. 16, 62-65 .
11. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 332 .
12. ↑ The local mayor . City of Marsberg. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
13. ↑ Local homeland caretaker and local chronicle of the city of Marsberg. Retrieved August 4, 2019 . 
14. ↑ Local homeland caretaker and local chronicle of the city of Marsberg. Retrieved August 4, 2019 . 
15. ↑ Westfalenpost July 9, 2019
16. ↑ Bürgererschützenverein Bredelar 1920 eV Accessed on August 4, 2019 . 
17. ^ Eduard Belke, Alfred Bruns, Helmut Müller: Communal coats of arms of the Duchy of Westphalia . Ed .: Sauerländer Heimatbund e. V. Strobel, Arnsberg 1986, ISBN 3-87793-017-4 , p. 137 .