Leopold Carl Müller

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Bust of Victor Tilgner
Bedouin Village , 1887, watercolor on paper, mounted on cardboard, 18 x 26.4 cm
Egyptian singer , undated, Belvedere , Vienna
A sphinx face from today , undated, Belvedere , Vienna
Nefusa , undated, Belvedere , Vienna

Leopold Carl Müller , called Egypt-Müller , also Orient-Müller (born December 9, 1834 in Dresden , † August 4, 1892 in Weidlingau , today Vienna ) was an Austrian painter and draftsman. He was the most important Austrian painter of the Orient .

Life

Müller, whose father was a lithographer in Vienna , received his training at the local art academy . His teachers included the painters Karl von Blaas and Christian Ruben . His works mainly represented landscapes, for this purpose he traveled a. a. Hungary (1861–62) and Italy (1857, 1870–72 Venice, 1872–73 Sicily), where he shared a studio in Venice with his painter friend August von Pettenkofen . From 1862 to 1867 he worked as a draftsman for Figaro magazine. In Paris, stimulated by the work of Eugène Fromentin , he began to be interested in the oriental genre.

Since 1873 Müller stayed in Egypt frequently. Captured by the magic of colors and the utterly different aspect of the Orient, Müller created primarily depictions of folk life, but also landscape studies and cityscapes flooded with light. Another eight trips of several months followed by 1886, some of them with Hans Makart to the country. He processed the impressions in his works, which since then have become depictions of oriental life and the landscape.

He spent the winter of 1875 to 1876 with Carl Rudolf Huber , Franz Lenbach and Hans Makart in Cairo , where the Viceroy had given them a studio. Here he met the Prince of Wales . This acquaintance led to Müller's pictures also - and especially - becoming known and valued in England. He worked as an illustrator for Georg Ebers' extensive work "Egypt". During his time as a professor at the Vienna Academy - since 1878 - Müller continued to travel to Egypt. One of his students was his nephew Rudolf Swoboda . From 1890–91 Müller was rector of the academy. His best-known work is the Cairo Market from 1878, which is now on display in the Austrian Belvedere Gallery in the Upper Belvedere in Vienna.

In 1893 Leopold Carl Müller and August von Pettenkofen received an honorary grave in Vienna's central cemetery (group 14 A, number 29), which was designed by Viktor Tilgner . In 1894, Leopold-Müller-Gasse in Vienna was named in his honor, but in 1955 it was renamed Stoesslgasse.

The two portrait painters Marie Müller (born July 10, 1847 in Vienna; † March 21, 1935 in Vienna) and Bertha Mathilde Müller (born October 28, 1848 in Vienna; † January 26, 1937 in Vienna) were his sisters. His sister Josefine († November 2, 1906 in Vienna) was the wife of the portrait painter Eduard Swoboda .

Works

  • Figure study of an Arab woman carrying vessels (Wien Museum), oil on canvas, 33.5 × 25 cm
  • Egyptian Singer (Vienna, Austrian Gallery, Inv. No. 241), oil on canvas, 41 × 36 cm
  • A Sphinx Face of Today (Vienna, Austrian Gallery, Inv. No. 242), oil on canvas, 66.3 × 40 cm
  • Nefusa (Vienna, Austrian Gallery, inv. No. 3215), oil on canvas, 80 × 60 cm
  • Die Karawane (Graz, Neue Galerie), 1876, oil on canvas, 71 × 121 cm
  • The Cairo Market (Vienna, Austrian Gallery, Inv.No.Lg 353), 1878, oil on canvas, 136 × 216.5 cm
  • Camel market in Cairo (Linz, Upper Austrian State Museum), 1889, oil on canvas, 74.5 × 121.5 cm
  • Nubians with a yellow turban , oil on canvas, 85 × 70.5 cm
  • Altarpiece St. Elisabeth (St. Wenceslas Church in the Kladrub nad Labem Stud), 1859, oil on canvas, 384 × 170 cm

literature

  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Müller, Leopold Karl . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 19th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1868, pp. 394–396 ( digitized version ).
  • Arpad Weixlgärtner:  Müller, Leopold Karl . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 52, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, pp. 524-527.
  • Albert Franz Seligmann (Ed.): Carl Leopold Müller. An artist's life in letters, pictures and documents. Rikola Verlag, Vienna 1922.
  • H. Schöny:  Müller Leopold Karl. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 423 f. (Direct links on p. 423 , p. 424 ).
  • Leopold Carl Müller: Letters and Documents. 1834 - 1892. Edited by Herbert Zemen. H. Zemen, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-9500420-9-1 .
  • Herbert Zemen: Leopold Carl Müller in the artist house. The images of the Orient. Attached is a collection of 16 nature studies from Egypt in private ownership in Vienna. H. Zemen, Vienna 1998, ISBN 3-9500420-2-4 .
  • Herbert Zemen (Ed.): Leopold Carl Müller. 1834 - 1892. A portrait of an artist based on letters and documents. Appendix 32 Nature studies from Egypt in museum and private collections at home and abroad. 2nd Edition. H. Zemen, Vienna 2001 (bibliography pp. 621–624).
  • Herbert Zemen (Ed.): Leopold Carl Müller. 1834 - 1892. His artistic estate. Materials including the catalog of the estate auction. H. Zemen, Vienna 2011.

Web links

Commons : Leopold Carl Müller  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Herbert Zemen, “Portrait painter Marie Müller 1847–1935. Life and work. Including her correspondence with the poet Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach 1830–1916 and taking into account the portrait painter Bertha Müller 1848–1937 ”, Vienna 2003, Wolfrum
  2. ^ Necrology. In: Wiener Salonblatt . November 10, 1906, p. 15 , accessed on October 18, 2016 (digitized version: from ANNO - AustriaN Newspapers Online ).