Nanhui New City

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Lingang
China-Shanghai.png
State : People's Republic of China
Province ( government immediate city ): Shanghai
District : Pudong
Geographical coordinates : 30 ° 54 '  N , 121 ° 56'  E Coordinates: 30 ° 54 '  N , 121 ° 56'  E
Time zone : China Standard Time (CST) UTC +8 (no daylight saving time )
Inhabitants :
- Metropolitan Area : 		600,000 (2010)
see Shanghai
Population density (2010): approx. 2,160.9 inhabitants per km²
Area (2010): 277.66 km²
Area (planned): 453.26 km²

Lingang ( Chinese  临港新城 , Pinyin Língǎng Xincheng , Lingang New City, Shanghai Harbor City ) is under construction since 2003, 2020 fertigzustellende planned city in the district Pudong of centrally-administered city of Shanghai in the People's Republic of China . It was renamed Nanhui in 2012 .

geography

Geographical location

The area on which Lingang is currently being built is at the tip of the peninsula between the mouths of the Yangtze and Qiantang on Hangzhou Bay. It is located at latitude 30 ° 54 'north and longitude 121 ° 56' east, about 60 km southeast of the center of Shanghai . Much of the land for the new city was wrested from the East China Sea through dikes and polder formation .

Administrative structure

Lingang is currently made up of seven administrative units, six of which are subordinate to the Pudong District (Shanghai City), while another belongs to Shengsi County ( Zhoushan City , Zhejiang Province ). They are:

Expansion of the urban area

The entire future planning area of ​​300 km² will mainly extend to the newly acquired areas of the former Shanghai district of Nanhui , which was dissolved in 2009 , on the flat southern Yangtze River bank zones, but also include areas in the west that have so far only been used for agriculture and small settlements.

Neighboring communities

Lingang borders in the west on the Shanghai district Fengxian and in the northwest of the superordinate district Pudong on Minhang .

history

In order to cope with the large population and industrial growth in the metropolis of Shanghai, the Shanghai City Planning Office organized an international competition in 2002 to plan a new industrial, residential and port city, which was won by the Hamburg architecture firm Gerkan, Marg and Partners . The establishment of the new city is related to the international deep-water container port of Yangshan , which is located off the coast of Shanghai, connected by the 32.5 km long Donghai Daqiao pier . The planned city of Lingang New City was not intended to be another satellite dependent on Shanghai, but to perform an independent function after concentrating on the maritime, maritime trade and related services sectors.

Urban planning concept / urban structure

The planned city should set international standards in structural quality, ecological aspects, urban identity and functionality suitable for everyday use. The falling water drop and its concentric circles spreading out on the surface were chosen as a planning metaphor . The partially built-up quarters are green and loosened up and public transport has been planned to be tight. In the inner area of ​​the concentric circles there are relatively short distances to all important public facilities, the supply needs and the central educational and leisure facilities.

A circular lake called Lake Dishui with a diameter of 3 km was created in the center of the planned town of Lingang . This results in around 9 km of lakeshore lines, which are laid out as a lake promenade and bathing beach. "Lingang Bund" has established itself as the name of the promenade. There is space for cultural institutions, public buildings and leisure areas on islands in the lake. There are expensive luxury apartments right on the lakeshore, and a densely built-up economic and administrative district is lined up in concentric rings around the lake, followed by a 500 m wide and around 10 km long park with other public buildings. The city is developed through a system of circular streets that run radially from the center. These divide the urban area into sectors and thus lead to a clear order.

The urban center of Lingang is the car-free commercial district with shops, shopping malls, mixed-use offices and densely populated residential areas. The district is criss-crossed by pedestrian zones. 14 block-like residential quarters for approx. 13,000 residents each adjoin the park - also arranged concentrically. These are all interspersed with watercourses and small lakes. Quarter squares and medium-sized parks between the block quarters offer space for urban life, leisure activities and relaxation. Own shops, health, social and educational facilities make the districts infrastructurally largely independent small communities. Although the residential quarters are all built in the same grid and with the same material, they each receive their own character of the public spaces, facilities and parks, in which they are based on international port cities that are connected to Lingang as twin cities.

On the western edge of the concentric facility, large areas for industry, commerce, port-related transport and storage infrastructure as well as research and educational institutions are being created. These areas near the bridge ramp are partly outside the planned areas, but are subject to the same urban planning conditions, especially with regard to ecological sustainability.

As the first major construction project, the Shanghai Ocean University, founded in 1912, was relocated from Shanghai to its 260 hectare campus in Lingang New City. This special university with around 16,000 students today emerged from a technical college for fisheries, researches and teaches, among other things. a. in the areas of oceanography, fishing and fishing technology, aquaculture, food processing, etc. It forms the core of the entire expected (i.e. also state-planned) marine-related economy and is thus intended to contribute to the independence of the planned city.

Population development

In the first ideas competition, Lingang was intended for a population of just 300,000. Rescheduling for a later completion in 2020 now envisages a residential capacity of around 800,000 people. The city planning office ensures that there is a good social mix in Lingang, i. H. enough affordable apartments are to be built. 30 m² of living space should be available per inhabitant, a large figure for Chinese standards. Thanks to the radial development network, the city will also be able to grow outwards in a controlled manner beyond the planned extent if necessary. In order to ensure that the residential capacity is also used, the responsible authorities lure with tax advantages and very low rental prices. If desired, it is also possible as a foreign investor to purchase real estate without having to prove a Chinese partner.

politics

At present, the future urban area of ​​Lingangs is still subordinate to the Shanghai district of Pudong.

Town twinning

14 international port cities have a partnership with Lingang, u. a. Hamburg .

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Chinese delegations advertise mainly in the partner cities for companies that will be located in the Lingang region in the future, e.g. B. the large industrial park to the west and the new Yangshan ocean-going port are to be located. The main focus is on companies that are already active in the People's Republic of China. The focus is primarily on companies in the pharmaceutical, chemical, automotive, logistics, energy and cosmetics industries. The Tesla Gigafactory 3 car factory went into operation at the end of 2019 .

traffic

The public transport system with trams and light rail vehicles at street level works as a circular railway, which has not yet been set up. A few bus routes currently cover the urban area of ​​Lingangs. Line 16 of the Shanghai Metro connects Lingang with the outskirts of Pudong (since January 2015 to Longyang Road), bus connections are also available (direct connection to Longyang Road). Expressway connections to Shanghai (City and Pudong) are available, but should be expanded for the expected higher loads. In addition to the deep-water port of Yangshan , a nearby free port for duty-free cargo handling is planned. Yangshan , located off the coast, can be reached via the 32.5 km long Donghai Daqiao , the first Chinese deep-sea bridge, and is used, among other things, for the fast transport of goods from the Lingang factories. Shanghai Pudong Airport, which opened in 1999, is just under 30 kilometers to the north.

education

In addition to the Shanghai Ocean University , the Shanghai Maritime University and Shanghai Dianji University also have a campus in Lingang New City.

Culture

The first "China Maritime Museum", which can be seen from afar, has been Lingang's landmark since 2009. The 46,400 square meter rectangular building, which is to house an exhibition on the history of Chinese seafaring, is spanned by two to 58 meter high shell roofs in the shape of a sail. The high hall is suitable for once fully rigged junks and other large objects. The design comes from Gerkan, Marg and Partner .

See also

Planned cities of a similar size to Lingang are Brasília , Canberra , Chandigarh and Navi Mumbai .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nanhui: A Different New City for China. In: webuildvalue.com . October 7, 2017, accessed August 25, 2019.
  2. ↑ Beyond the grid is the beach . In: FAZ of January 3, 2015, p. 12.
  3. ↑ a b City of the Future. mobil from April 2011, p. 60
  4. ↑ http://www.exploremetro.com/blog/shanghai-metro-line-16-now-connects-to-longyang-road
  5. ↑ http://en.shmtu.edu.cn/controller.asp?action=list_en&tid=0016&id=0027

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