Linneper Hof

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Arnold Mercator : Cologne city view from 1570 , southern cathedral apron (S ↔ N).
The Linneper Hof is almost completely covered by the cathedral choir.

The Reifferscheider Hof or Linneper Hof (inaccurately also often: Lenneper Hof ) was an aristocratic court of the Reifferscheid , Linnep , Sayn-Wittgenstein and Neuenahr families in the hereditary district on the Domhof in Cologne , which was laid down in the 1740s . It was inhabited by members of the Cologne cathedral chapter and was a hereditary leasehold of the cathedral monastery. Today the area is part of the Roman-Germanic Museum .

history

Johann Valentin Reinhardt: Cologne city map from 1752 , Domhof (S ↔ N). Legend:
  A - Metropolitana (cathedral choir)
  G - B. M. V. ad Gradus
  g - St. Johann Evangelist
  Moon symbol crescent.svg - Hospit. Spirit. Sanct.
52 - Seminarium ( formerly:
       Linneper Hof )
91 - Official Court
92 - High Court
93 - Blauer Stein
94 - Hacht

The Reifferscheider or Linneper Hof was a Erbklosterhof ( erffcloisterhoiff ) of the Cologne Cathedral Monastery , which was used as a canon house. It was located immediately south of the choir building of Cologne Cathedral in the cathedral courtyard , to the east next to the church of St. Johannis in Curia ( St. Johannes Evangelist ). The high court was to the west of this church. The area of ​​the immunity district of Cologne Cathedral Freedom was reached through the "Drachenpforte" in the east or the "Hachtpforte" in the southwest.

The courtyard was originally the home of the Archbishops of Cologne and was called the "Old Palace" ( antiquum palatium ). In 1237 or 1238 it was given to the cathedral chapter by Archbishop Heinrich I von Müllenark († 1238) as a canon apartment. The canon Herimann von Heppendorf († 1257), a brother of Cologne hereditary bailiff Gerhard II von Heppendorf († 1259) , lived in the house next to which the old Carolingian Hildebold Cathedral stood until 1248 . Both were sons of Hermann III. von Heppendorf-Alpen († 1234/35) and Agnes von Linnep.

The house was subsequently inhabited by members of the Reifferscheid family; Heinrich I († 1318), Heinrich II. († after 1330) and Gerhard von Reifferscheid († after 1371) are mentioned as Cologne canons. The former canon Ludwig von Reifferscheid († 1402), who renounced his canonics in 1374 and married, sold his court at the cathedral courtyard in Cologne to canon Wilhelm von Tomberg in 1375 . The property came to Wilhelm von Sombreffe , who handed it over to the canon Gottfried von (Heinsberg , Graf von Loon and) Chiny in 1397 . Gottfried von Chiny sold it in the following year 1398 to the canon and subdean John II of Linnep († 1431), prior of St. Gereon . The Reifferscheider Hof was nicknamed the Linneper Hof .

The Reifferscheider Hof came into the possession of the Cologne canon Dietrich von Linnep († 1461), the last male descendant ( agnates ) of the Lords of Linnep. Dietrich von Linnep was a son of Elisabeth von Sayn-Wittgenstein. After his death, the Reifferscheider or Linneper Hof aufm Domhofe came into the possession of the cathedral provost Gottfried von Sayn-Wittgenstein († 1461) as a hereditary cloister courtyard of the Cologne cathedral monastery. After his death, his brother, Vicar General Werner von Sayn-Wittgenstein († 1472), provost of St. Gereon, wanted the Reifferscheid estate ( domus hereditarie de Rifferscheit ) on the cathedral courtyard in August 1462 to the Cologne canon and Aachen provost Johann von Sell ​​Neuenahr († 1466), a son of Cologne hereditary bailiff Gumprechts (II.) IV. Von Neuenahr († 1484) and grandson of Mechthild von Reifferscheidt. However, Johann von Neuenahr did not want to live in the cloister and left the house to the responsible heirs. A month later, the executors of the will handed over the court to Cathedral Capitular (later Cathedral Provost) Georg I von Sayn-Wittgenstein († 1510). In 1477 he made it available to Archbishop Johann II of Baden (1434–1503, ruled 1456), but "only for life". Archbishop Johann, who had just sent the courtship to Mary of Burgundy as the envoy of Maximilian I of Austria in Ghent , was in Cologne at the same time as the Archduke, who was arriving for the engagement, when the house was handed over and closed four days later on July 23, 1477 a mint association with Kurmainz, Kurpfalz and Jülich.

The Reifferscheidsche Hof at the Domhof was left to the Cologne canon Dietrich II zu Nuenair († 1505), a grandson of Gumprecht (II) IV von Neuenahr and nephew Dietrich von Linnep, before Archbishop Johann's death. His mother was Eva von Linnep († 1483), a daughter of Elisabeth von Sayn-Wittgenstein, his father Friedrich von Neuenahr-Alpen († 1468). Presumably during this time the “hall” ( palatio ; city palace) acquired by hereditary bailiff Gumprecht (II.) IV. Next to the “ Hacht ” (the prison) on the cathedral courtyard was administered together with the court. When Dietrich II became provost of Soest in 1499 , he declared that the Reifferscheidsche Hof in Cologne, which had been left to him, should revert to the Count's Wittgenstein house.

A few years later the Linneper Hof fell to a grandson of Eva von Linnep, the canon Friedrich the Elder. J. von Neuenahr (1504–1527), a son of Gumprecht I von Neuenahr-Alpen . He was considered to be the next heir to the canon Dietrich von Linnep, who died in 1461. In 1518, the canon sent Leonhard Maiss the Elder to St. Gereon . Ä. († 1528) "out of friendship" with the Counts of Neuenahr build six new apartment buildings (tenement houses) in front of the Reifferscheider Hof on the cathedral courtyard at his expense for 600 guilders, as the houses that used to stand there had fallen into disrepair and a free space had emerged. The apartment buildings shared a wall with the Linneper Hof. Wilhelm II von Neuenahr († 1552) and Amalie von Wertheim (1460–1532), the widow of Bailiff Gumprecht (I., III.) V. von Neuenahr-Alpen (1465–1504), secured Maiss as guardian of Friedrich the Elder . J. von Neuenahr in return received a pension of 30 guilders; the court should remain an " erffhoff of the neist blitz and stampz Lynnep doemherr zu Coele ".

In 1528, Bailiff Gumprecht (II., IV.) VI. von Neuenahr-Alpen († 1555) as the only brother of Friedrich, who died last year, to the "Erbklosterhof, later Reifferscheider and now called Linneper Hof, on the Domhof zu Cologne", in favor of Domkeppler Georg von Sayn-Wittgenstein († 1558) as the next spiritual heir of the Lords of Linnep. Bernhardt Maeß, Canon of St. Gereon in Cologne, declared himself ready to forego 200 gold guilders, which he had built into the Linneper Hof or the associated tenement houses on the Domhof zu Cologne, in the event that Count Gumprecht's sons later became canons . In 1532 Gumprecht (II., IV.) VI. the House. In the following years Georg von Sayn-Wittgenstein appears as the owner of the farm.

Surroundings of Cologne Cathedral around 1794, bronze plate on Roncalliplatz

In 1534 the " Lenneper hoff, olim (= earlier) Ripperscheidt " was rented to the citizen Mathias Vorsbach († 1557), who lived there with his wife Jutta von Lachem († after 1607; ∞ II. Helmig von Siegburg) and his family. From 1551 an inquisition trial was conducted against Matthias Vorsbach because he did not want to have his child baptized as an infant; he died in custody in Brühl . Georg von Sayn-Wittgenstein made the Linneper Hof available in 1552 to the cathedral dean and later Archbishop Johann Gebhard von Mansfeld (1524–1562, ruled 1558).

In 1747/50 the Archdiocese of Cologne bought the Linneper Hof next to the Church of St. John Evangelist from the cathedral chapter's presence in order to gain space for a new building for the archbishop's seminary , which was built by Michael Leveilly on the cathedral courtyard from 1746 to 1748 . The seminary was moved in 1827 and the building in the cathedral courtyard was demolished in 1864.

swell

  • Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 101 shrine books, Hacht A 413-426; holdings 202H shrine documents Hacht; holdings 102V shrine documents, Schöffenschrein, etc.)
  • Archbishop Heinrich v. In addition to a canonical apartment, Cöln gives the cathedral chapter the house on the cathedral courtyard, called the old palace, near the Johannis-Chapel ... , February 1237. In: Theodor Joseph Lacomblet (arrangement): Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine , Vol. II Wolf, Düsseldorf 1846, No. 226, pp. 117f
  • Klaus Militzer (arrangement): The minutes of the Cologne cathedral chapter , Vol. I Regesten 1454–1511 (publications of the Society for Rhenish History 77). Droste, Düsseldorf 2009
  • Statute of the cathedral monastery of Cologne. 1534 November 6th In: Samuel Muller: The property of the Domcurien of the German donors . In: West German Journal for History and Art 10 (1891), pp. 341–374, esp. P. 369.
  • Günter Aders (edit.): Documents and files of the Neuenahr lordship and possessions of the Alps, Bedburg, Hackenbroich, Helpenstein, Linnep, Wevelinghoven and Wülfrath as well as the hereditary bailiwick of Cologne . (Inventories of non-governmental archives 21). Landschaftsverband Rheinland, Cologne 1977 ( PDF of the Landschaftsverband Rheinland)

literature

  • Johannes Krudewig: Directory of the plans and views on the history of the city of Cologne and its surroundings in the historical archive and in the historical museum . In: Mitteilungen aus der Stadtarchiv von Köln 31 (1902), pp. 1–336, esp. Pp. 129–134
  • Hermann Keussen : Topography of the City of Cologne in the Middle Ages (Prize publications of the Mevissen Foundation 2), Vol. I and II. Hanstein, Bonn 1910 (reprint: Droste, Düsseldorf 1986)
  • Klaus Militzer: Property transfers in Cologne's Hacht district in the 13th-15th Century . In: Katharina Colberg (Ed.): State and Society in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times . (Commemorative publication Joachim Leuschner). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1983, pp. 75-91

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d documents dated February 26, 1528; Landesarchiv NRW, Westphalia Münster department (County Tecklenburg - Rheinische Urkunden, No. 97); Princely Archives Berleburg (document 1596); Regesten in G. Aders: Urkunden , 1977, No. 149 and 150, p. 52.
  2. ↑ a b Cf. Historical Archive of the Archdiocese of Cologne (Archbishop's Seminary, Files No. 87 and No. 94).
  3. ^ The beginning of the counting of a new year under Archbishop Heinrich I on December 25, January 1 or March 25 is controversial; see. Leonard Ennen, Gottfried Eckertz (arrangement): Sources on the history of the city of Cologne , vol. II. DuMont-Schauberg, Cologne 1863, no. 173, p. 173f (reprint of the document) and p. 175f, note 1.
  4. ↑ Document of February 1237 (or 1238); see. Th. J. Lacomblet (arrangement): Urkundenbuch , Vol. II, 1846, No. 226, p. 117f.
  5. ↑ He also called himself "Herr zu Bedburg".
  6. ^ Document of August 17, 1325; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 1 main document archive, U 1/1152) u. a.); Wilhelm Kisky: The cathedral chapters of the ecclesiastical electors in their personal composition in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries . (Sources and studies on the constitutional history of the German Empire in the Middle Ages and Modern Times I / 3). Hermann Böhlau Nachf., Weimar 1906, pp. 28 and 71.
  7. ^ Document of May 3, 1375; Princely Archives Berleburg (Certificate 408). The Frenz- Reifferscheid and Tomberg- Müllenark families were mixed up in the late 14th century.
  8. ↑ Presumably Wilhelm I von Sombreffe († 1400), Lord von Reckheim , son of Johann III. von Sombreffe and Jutta von Wevelinghoven, 1374/80 canon in Cologne, later married to Margaretha von Kerpen .
  9. ^ Document of July 5, 1397; Princely Archives Berleburg (Certificate 534).
  10. ^ Documents dated February 7, 1398; Princely Archives Berleburg (Certificate 539).
  11. ^ Entries from August 14th and 17th, 1462; see. K. Militzer (arr.): Protocols , 2009, p. 20.
  12. ^ Documents of September 17 and 24, 1462; Princely Archives Berleburg (documents 932 and 933).
  13. ^ Document of July 19, 1477; Princely Archives Berleburg (document 1071).
  14. ^ Cf. Victor von Kraus : Itinerarium Maximilians I. 1508-1518 . Gerold, Vienna 1899, p. 25.
  15. ↑ a b Cf. document dated November 9, 1499; Princely Archive Berleburg (certificate 1302).
  16. ↑ See H. Keussen: Topographie , Vol. II, 1910, p. 293a.
  17. ↑ Leonhard Maess had previously worked for the Neuenahr guardian; see. Fiefdom letter about estates located in the court and court at Deckstein , 1510. In: Joseph Strange: News about noble families and estates , Vol. II. Hergt, Koblenz 1879, supplements, p. 116f ( digitized version of the Landesbibliothekszentrum Rheinland-Pfalz Koblenz).
  18. ↑ a b Certificate of July 25, 1518. In: Peter Joerres (edit.): Document book of the St. Gereon Abbey in Cologne . Hanstein, Bonn 1893, p. 622f, cf. P. 627–629 and 630f ( digitized version of the University and State Library in Düsseldorf).
  19. ↑ See notarial deed of June 22, 1544; Princely Archives Berleburg (certificate 1774).
  20. ↑ D. h. "Hereditary yard of the canon of Cologne who is the next blood and tribe of Linnep".
  21. ↑ Document dated May 28, 1528; Princely Bentheim-Tecklenburgisches Archiv Rheda (files L 238); Regest in G. Aders: Documents , 1977, No. 1348, p. 326; see. Historical archive of the Archdiocese of Cologne (Archbishop's Seminary, File No. 94). Gumprecht (II., IV.) VI. von Neuenahr-Alpen had married for the first time shortly before on February 14, 1528 and had no children yet.
  22. ↑ See Peter Joerres (arrangement): Document book of the St. Gereon Abbey in Cologne . Hanstein, Bonn 1893, p. 631.
  23. ↑ See documents of June 22, 1544, June 8, 1552 and April 5, 1555; Princely Archives Berleburg (documents 1774, 1854 and 1891).
  24. ↑ See process files, 1587–1613; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (consisted of 310 Reichskammergericht - letter W, A 41).
  25. ↑ Cf. statute of the cathedral monastery of Cologne. 1534 November 6th In: Samuel Muller: The property of the Domcurien of the German donors . In: West German Journal for History and Art 10 (1891), pp. 341–374, here p. 369.
  26. ↑ See Council minutes of February 27, March 2, 9, 25, April 6, May 6, 15, 25, June 5, 26, August 21, 26, 31, September 30, October 9, November 13, 27, December 4, 14, 30, 1551, January 13, 25, February 26, July 4, 1552; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (10 Council minutes, A 15, sheets 165, 168, 174, 192, 199, 224, 232, 236, 242, 253; A 16, sheets 4f, 9, 30, 46, 54, 59, 66, 73, 78, 95, 190); Leonard Ennen: Modern History of the City of Cologne , Vol. IV. Schwann, Cologne / Neuss 1875, pp. 793–799 ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  27. ↑ Document dated June 8, 1552; Princely Archives Berleburg (document 1854).

Coordinates: 50 ° 56 ′ 26.6 ″  N , 6 ° 57 ′ 31.5 ″  E