Tomburg

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Tomburg
Tomburg ruins on the Tomberg

Tomburg ruins on the Tomberg

Creation time : around 900
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Remains of the keep, well
Standing position : Nobles, counts
Place: Rheinbach - Wormersdorf
Geographical location 50 ° 35 '43.6 "  N , 6 ° 58' 25.4"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 35 '43.6 "  N , 6 ° 58' 25.4"  E
Height: 309.7  m above sea level NHN
Tomburg (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Tomburg
Painting from the 1920s by Fritz von Wille

The Tomburg is the ruin of a hilltop castle near the Rheinbach district of Wormersdorf near Bonn . It is located in a small nature reserve at 309.7  m above sea level. NHN high Tomberg.

location

The Tomberg can be natural area within the eastern Eifel region, which this north to the Lower Rhine Basin abdachenden Swist-Eifelfuß (Rheinbacher forest) assign and forms a singular phenomenon in the region. In geological terms, it is a relic from the Tertiary , when liquid lava rose from the interior of the earth and left a conical basalt dome after erosion of the outer layers , and is considered the northernmost volcano of the Hocheifel volcanic field or more peripheral southwest of the Siebengebirge volcanic field.

history

Traces of settlement on the Tomberg can be traced back to the 4th century and suggest that it was used by the Romans. The castle was built around 900 and was greatly expanded in later centuries.

Count Palatine Ezzo and his wife Mathilde , a sister of Emperor Otto III. , resided in the Tomburg around 1000. Her daughter Richeza became Queen of Poland, son Otto inherited the Palatinate, became Duke of Swabia in 1045 and died in 1047 on the Tomburg. In the middle of the 11th century the castle belonged to the Archdiocese of Cologne. In a document from 1052 Pope Leo IX confirmed . the Archbishop Hermann II of Cologne that, in addition to other places, the Tomburg with its church belongs to the archbishopric. From 1090 and 1230 the Counts of Kleve followed the lords of Müllenark as lords of the castle. In addition, Konrad Müllenark received the burgrave law of Tomburg from Count Dietrich IV of Kleve in 1253 . Since then they have called themselves "von Tomburg" .

After a checkered history, the castle lost its military importance in the 14th century. For those von Tomburg who worked as robber barons, it served as a retreat. After 1420 there were several owners through the division of inheritance. After a dispute with Friedrich von Sombreff, Herr zu Tomburg and Landskron , the Duke of Jülich conquered the Tomburg. After its almost complete destruction on September 7, 1473, it was not rebuilt.

Todays situation

The ruins and the castle hill served as a basalt quarry until modern times. Nevertheless, around 70% of the Tomberg and parts of the keep have been preserved. The castle well with a depth of 46 m, which was excavated by the local heritage association in 1883, is also still there. Numerous archaeological finds, such as stone cannon balls, were made.

In 2017 and 2018, the castle ruins were renovated with the support of the Monument Protection Foundation . On December 1st, 2017 the non-profit association "Freundeskreis Tomburg" was founded.

  • Keep

  • Lower remaining area of ​​the keep (meanwhile locked)

  • Aerial view of the Tomburg (2015)

natural reserve

The Tomburg is located in the Tomberg nature reserve . Adjacent is the Natura 2000 protected area of Wiesen near the Tomberg ruins .

Legends of the castle fountain

According to a legend, there is a golden cradle on the bottom of the preserved castle fountain. According to legend, the child who was once in the cradle died earlier. The count had the golden cradle thrown down so that the countess's grief would end. According to another legend, there is a key in the well that opens the treasure cave of the last knight of the Tomburg. The treasure is guarded by mastiffs , which are waiting for the return of their master, who is to rebuild the castle with the help of the treasure.

reception

literature

  • Dietmar Pertz: The Tomburg near Rheinbach . In: Rheinische Kunststätten , issue 504, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-86526-026-0 .

Web links

Commons : Tomburg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information according to the digital terrain model (available in the TIM-online map service )
  2. ↑ Federal Research Institute for Regional Studies and Regional Planning (ed.); Ewald Glässer (arrangement): The natural spatial units on sheet 122/123 . Self-published, Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1978, ISBN 3-87994-328-1 , p. 5. (= Geographical Land Survey 1: 200,000. Natural division of Germany )
  3. ^ "The story in stone" , Blick aktuell, June 1, 2016
  4. ↑ Bruno P. Kremer: cones and knobs . In: Bruno P. Kremer (Ed.): The Siebengebirge . Wienand Verlag, Cologne 2002, ISBN 3-87909-770-4 , pp. 13-25 (here: p. 22).
  5. ^ Theodor Joseph Lacomblet: Certificate 187 . In: Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine or the Archbishopric of Cöln . Part 1, 1840, p. [135] 119 ( online [accessed June 17, 2015] 779-1200).
  6. ↑ Christoph Jacob Kremer. In: Academic contributions to Gülchberg history . Under: Section documents, document LXXXIII from the 11th winter month (November) 1253 . 1781, Mannheim, ed. A. Lamey, p. [323] 104. Online version
  7. ↑ Monument protection - work on the Tomburg in Rheinbach is finished . In: General-Anzeiger Bonn . July 3, 2018 ( general-anzeiger-bonn.de [accessed October 27, 2018]).
  8. ↑ Construction diary: the wall crowns form the conclusion - Tomburg research. Retrieved October 27, 2018 (German).
  9. ↑ Freundeskreis Tomburg eV Accessed on April 3, 2020 (German).
  10. ^ "Tomberg" nature reserve in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
  11. ↑ Natura 2000 area "Wiesen bei Ruine Tomberg" in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
  12. ↑ 5407-301 Meadows near the Tomberg ruins.  (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved February 2, 2017.
  13. ↑ Joseph Pesch : Geschichtliches and Wanderings , 1901; Retrieved on: March 15, 2017
  14. ↑ Helmut Fischer : Sagen aus dem Land an Rhein und Sieg , Erfurt 2011, p. 77