List of rulers of Sardinia
Below is a list of the rulers of Sardinia .
Sardinia before the Aragonese conquest
From the 11th century on, Sardinia was divided into four autonomous principalities, called giudicati (→ Sardinian Judicates ). Some rulers of these principalities called themselves "King of Sardinia", namely the following:
- 1113–1128 Constantine I of Torres, Giudice of Logudoro
- 1128–1150 Gonario II of Torres, Giudice of Logudoro
- 1164–1165 Barisone II, Giudice von Arborea (formally recognized by Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa )
- 1239–1246 Enzio , iure uxoris , natural son of Emperor Frederick II.
In 1269 Karl von Anjou had his son Philip († 1277) elected King of Sardinia. None of these rulers had control over Sardinia. From 1249 to 1284 the island was divided between Pisa and Genoa until it finally fell under the rule of Genoa. King James II of Aragón was appointed Rex Sardiniae et Corsicae (King of Sardinia and Corsica) by Pope Boniface VIII in 1297 . However, the Aragonese took real possession of the island only in 1323, after a victorious campaign against the Pisans.
- 1297–1327 Jacob II of Aragón as the Pope's feudal man
- 1327–1336 Alfonso I.
- 1336–1383 Peter I.
In 1383, Eleonora di Arborea succeeded in driving out the Aragonese with the support of Genoa and conquering almost the entire island.
Under the Arborea judiciary
- 1383–1387 Eleonora di Arborea (as regent)
- 1387–1407 Mariano V (1387–1402 under the tutelage of Eleonoras)
- 1407–1409 Guglielmo IV.
Aragonese rule, 1409-1516
- 1409–1410 Martin I - also Martin I of Aragón
- 1412–1416 Ferdinand I - also Ferdinand I of Aragón
- 1416–1458 Alfonso II - also Alfonso V of Aragón
- 1458–1479 John II - also John II of Aragón
- 1479–1516 Ferdinand II - also Ferdinand II of Aragon and Ferdinand V of Castile
Spanish rule, 1516–1713
- 1516–1554 Charles I - also Emperor Charles V and Charles I of Spain
- Viceroy : Martín de Cabrera (1529–1532)
- Viceroy : Jaime de Aragall (Interino) (1533)
- Viceroy : Francisco de Serra (Interino) (1533)
- Viceroy : Antonio Folc de Cardona (1534–1549) ( House of Folch de Cardona )
- Viceroy : Pedro Veguer , Bishop of Alghero (interim) (1542–1545)
- Viceroy : Jerónimo Aragall (interim) (1549–1550) (1st time)
- Viceroy : Lorenzo Fernández de Heredia (1550–1556)
- 1554–1598 Philip I - also Philip II of Spain
- Viceroy : Jerónimo Aragall (interim) (1556) (2nd time)
- Viceroy : Álvaro de Madrigal (1556–1569)
- Viceroy : Jerónimo Aragall (Viceroy during an absence in 1561) (3rd time)
- Viceroy : Juan Coloma , Baron of Elda (1570–1577)
- Viceroy : Jerónimo Aragall (interim) (1577–1578) (4th time)
- Viceroy : Miguel de Moncada (1578–1590)
- Viceroy : Gaspar Vicente Novella , Archbishop of Cagliari (Viceroy during an absence from 1584 to 1586)
- Viceroy : Gastón de Moncada , Marquis of Aytona (1590–1595)
- Viceroy : Antonio Coloma , Baron of Elda (1595–1603)
- 1598–1621 Philip II - also Philip III. from Spain
- Viceroy : Alfonso Lasso y Sedeño , Archbishop of Cagliari (Viceroy during an absence from 1597 to 1599)
- Viceroy : Juan de Zapata (Viceroy during an absence from 1601 to 1602)
- Viceroy : Jaime Aragall (interim) (1603–1604) (1st time)
- Viceroy : Pedro Sánchez de Calatayud , Count of Real (1604–1610)
- Viceroy : Jaime Aragall (interim) (1610–1611) (2nd time)
- Viceroy : Carlos de Borja , Duke of Gandia (1611–1617)
- Viceroy : Alonso de Eril , Count of Eril (1617–1623)
- 1621-1665 Philip III. - also Philip IV of Spain
- Viceroy : Luis de Tena (interim) (1623)
- Viceroy : Juan Vives de Canyamás , Baron of Benifayró (1623–1625)
- Viceroy : Diego de Aragall (interim) (1625) (1st time)
- Viceroy : Pedro Ramón Zaforteza , Count of Santa María de Formiguera (Captain General) (1625–1626)
- Viceroy : Jerónimo Pimentel , Marquis of Bayona (1626–1631)
- Viceroy : Diego de Aragall (interim) (1631) (2nd time)
- Viceroy : Gaspar Prieto , Archbishop of Alghero (interim) (1631–1632)
- Viceroy : Antonio de Urrea , Marquis of Almonacir (1632–1637)
- Viceroy : Diego de Aragall (interim) (1637–1638) (3rd time)
- Viceroy : Gianadrea Doria , Prince of Melfi (1638–1639)
- Viceroy : Diego de Aragall (interim) (1639–1640) (4th time)
- Viceroy : Fabrizio Doria , Duke of Arellano (1640–1644)
- Viceroy : Luis Guillem de Moncada , Duke of Monalto (1644–1649)
- Viceroy : Bernardo Matías de Cervelló (interim) (1649) (1st time)
- Viceroy : Giangiacomo Teodoro Trivulzio (1649–1651)
- Viceroy : Duarte Álvarez de Toledo , Count of Oropesa (1651)
- Viceroy : Beltrán Vélez de Guevara , Marquis of Campo Real (1651–1652)
- Viceroy : Pedro Martínez Rubio , Archbishop of Palermo (1652–1653)
- Viceroy : Francisco Fernández de Castro Andrade , Count of Lemos (1653–1657)
- Viceroy : Bernardo Matías de Cervelló (interim) (1657) (2nd time)
- Viceroy : Francisco de Moura y Corterreal , Marquis of Castel Rodrigo (1657–1661)
- Viceroy : Pedro Vico , Archbishop of Cagliari (interim) (1661–1662)
- Viceroy : Niccolò Ludovisi , Prince of Piombino (1662–1664)
- Viceroy : Bernardo Matías de Cervelló (interim) (1664–1665) (3rd time)
- 1665–1700 Charles II - also Charles II of Spain
- Viceroy : Manuel de los Cobos, Marquis of Camarasa (1665–1668)
- Viceroy : Francisco de Tutavila y del Rufo , Duke of San Germán (1668–1672)
- Viceroy : Fernando Joaquín Fajardo de Zúñiga Requesens , Marquis of los Vélez (1673–1675)
- Viceroy : Melchor Cisternes de Oblite (interim) (1675) (1st time)
- Viceroy : Francisco de Benavides de la Cueva , Marquis of las Navas (1675–1677)
- Viceroy : Melchor Cisternes de Oblite (interim) (1679–1680) (2nd time)
- Viceroy : José de Funes y Villalpando , Marquis of Ossera (1680)
- Viceroy : Philipp von Egmont , Count of Egmont (1680–1682)
- Viceroy : Diego Ventura , Archbishop of Cagliari (interim) (1682)
- Viceroy : Antonio López de Ayala Velasco , Count of Fuensalida (1682–1686)
- Viceroy : José Delitala y Castelví (interim) (1686–1687)
- Viceroy : Niccolò Pignatelli , Duke of Monteleone (1687–1690)
- Viceroy : Carlos Homo Dei Moura y Pacheco , Marquis of Castel Rodrigo (interim) (1690)
- Viceroy : Luis Moscoso Ossorio , Count of Altamira (1690–1696)
- Viceroy : José de Solís Valderrábano Dávila , Count of Montellano (1697–1699)
- Viceroy : Fernando de Moncada , Duke of San Juan (1699–1703)
- 1700–1713 Philip IV - also Philip V of Spain
- Viceroy : Francisco Ginés Ruiz de Castro , Count of Lemos (1703–1704)
- Viceroy : Baltasar de Zúñiga y Guzmán , Marquis of Valero (1704–1706)
- Viceroy : Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal , Marquis of Ayamonte (1706–1709)
- Viceroy : Fernando de Silva y Meneses , Count of Cifuentes (1709–1710)
- Viceroy : Jorge de Heredia , Count of Fuentes (1710–1711)
- Viceroy : Andrés Roger de Eril , Count of Eril (1711–1713)
At the end of the Spanish War of Succession , Sardinia came to Austria through the Peace of Utrecht .
Austrian rule, 1713-1720
- 1713-1720 Charles III. - also Emperor Karl VI.
- Viceroy : Pedro Manuel , Count of Ayala (1713–1717)
- Viceroy : José Antonio de Rubí y Boxadors , Marquis of Rubí (1717)
- Viceroy : Juan Francisco de Bette , Marquis of Leide (1717–1718)
- Viceroy : Gonzalo Chacón (1718–1720)
Spanish forces invaded the Kingdom of Sardinia during the Quadruple Alliance War in 1718. Emperor Charles VI. finally left Sardinia in the Treaty of The Hague (1720) in exchange for Sicily to Duke Viktor Amadeus II of Savoy.
Savoy rule, 1720–1861
The rulers from the House of Savoy ruled from their mainland capital Turin , but still primarily held the Sardinian royal title, as this was higher than the Savoyard duke title.
- 1720–1730 Viktor Amadeus II.
- 1730–1773 Charles Emanuel III.
- 1773–1796 Viktor Amadeus III.
- 1796–1802 Charles Emanuel IV.
- 1802–1821 Victor Emmanuel I.
- 1821–1831 Karl Felix
- 1831–1849 Karl Albert
- 1849–1861 Victor Emmanuel II.
Between 1859 and 1861, the Kingdom of Sardinia conquered most of Italy's states . On March 17, 1861, Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was finally proclaimed King of Italy as Victor Emmanuel II by the parliament in Turin .
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Laetitia Boehm: History of Burgundy. Politics - State Formation - Culture. Second, supplemented edition. Stuttgart, Berlin, Cologne, Mainz 1979, p. 167.