List of the rulers of Naples

This list contains the sovereign rulers of Naples beginning with the division of the Norman Kingdom of Sicily into an insular (Trinacria) and a continental (Mezzogiorno) kingdom in 1282 until the establishment of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861. The monarchs of the two resulting kingdoms continued to name themselves "Kings of Sicily". The term “ Kingdom of Naples ” is a modern way of describing the continental empire in order to distinguish it from the island.

For the kings of Trinacria (Sicily) see List of Rulers of Sicily

Angevin Naples

From 1266, Charles of Anjou ruled as King of Sicily. He already had his main residence in Naples , in contrast to his Norman-Hohenstaufen predecessors, who resided in Palermo . After the outbreak of the Sicilian Vespers in 1282, he lost the rule on the island of Sicily, which was subsequently taken over by King Peter III. was conquered by Aragon . While the island came under the domination of the Aragonese-Catalan house, Charles of Anjou was able to assert himself on the mainland. His son of the same name finally recognized after several years of war in the Treaty of Caltabellotta 1302 the division of the old Norman kingdom into an insular (Trinacria) and a continental (Mezzogiorno) kingdom.

The house of Anjou was a branch of the French ruling Capetian dynasty .

	Surname	Reign	relationship	Remarks
House Anjou
	Charles I of Anjou	1266-1285
	Charles II the Lame	1285-1309	Son of the predecessor
	Robert the Wise	1309-1343	Son of the predecessor
	Johanna I.	1343-1382	Granddaughter of the predecessor	Before her disempowerment, Johanna adopted Duke Ludwig I of Anjou , whom she designated as her heir. He and his descendants also held the title of king and did not recognize the rule of the Anjou-Durazzo.
	Ludwig I.	1352-1362	Johanna's cousin and husband	Co-king of his wife.
House Anjou-Durazzo
	Charles III from Durazzo	1382-1386	Great-grandson of Charles II	Queen Johanna disempowered. King of Hungary since 1385.
	Ladislaus	1386-1414	Son of the predecessor
	Joan II	1414-1435	Sister of the predecessor	Johanna adopted both King Alfonso V of Aragon and René of Anjou, who both fought for rule in Naples after their deaths.
House Anjou-Valois
	René the good king	1435-1442	Grandson of Duke Ludwig I of Anjou and adopted son of Queen Johanna II.

The Aragonese Naples

King Alfonso V of Aragón achieved papal recognition as King of Naples after the death of King René. Since he was also King of Sicily (Trinacria), he brought the "two Sicilies" together in a personal union for the first time since their division. But this ended with his death.

	Surname	Reign	relationship	Remarks
House Trastámara
	Alfons I.	1442-1458	Adopted son of Queen Johanna II.	King of Aragon (Alfonso V) King of Sicily (Trinacria)
	Ferdinand I (Ferrante)	1458-1494	Son of the predecessor
	Alfonso II	1494-1495	Son of the predecessor	His rule was interrupted in 1495 by King Charles VIII of France , who claimed Naples as the heir of the Anjou and briefly occupied the country.
	Ferdinand II (Ferrandino)	1495-1496	Son of the predecessor
	Friedrich I.	1496-1501	Son of Ferdinand I.	Frederick transferred his kingdom to the King of France.
House Valois
	Ludwig	1501-1504		King of France (Louis XII.). called himself King of Naples "Ludwig IV." in the succession of the Dukes of Anjou.

Spanish Naples

King Ferdinand II. The Catholic of Aragón conquered the Kingdom of Naples after the battle of Garigliano in 1504 and rose to be its king. Since he was also King of Sicily (Trinacria), he established a permanent personal union of the "two Sicilies".

The kings had their residence in Spain, they were represented by appointed viceroys. See the list of viceroys of Naples .

	Surname	Reign	relationship	Remarks
House Trastámara
	Ferdinand III. the Catholic	1504-1516	Grandson of Alfonso V of Aragon	King of Aragon (Ferdinand II) King of Sicily (Trinacria)
	Johanna III. the madwoman	1516-1555	Daughter of the predecessor	Queen of Sicily (Trinacria) Queen of Castile and Aragon
The Habsburgs
	Charles IV	1516-1554	Son of Johannas	King of Sicily (Trinacria) King of Spain Roman Emperor
	Philip I.	1554-1598	Son of the predecessor	King of Sicily (Trinacria) King of Spain
	Philip II	1598-1621	Son of the predecessor	King of Sicily (Trinacria) King of Spain
	Philip III	1621-1665	Son of the predecessor	King of Sicily (Trinacria) King of Spain
	Charles V	1665-1700	Son of the predecessor	King of Sicily (Trinacria) King of Spain
House of Bourbon
	Philip IV	1700-1713		King of Sicily (Trinacria) King of Spain

Habsburg, Bourbon and Bonaparte

In the Treaty of Utrecht , which ended the War of the Spanish Succession in 1713, the Spanish crown had to cede the Kingdom of Sicily (Trinacria) to Savoy and the Kingdom of Naples to Habsburg. The personal union of the "two Sicilies" ended therewith, but as early as 1720 the Habsburg emperor Charles VI. Exchange the Kingdom of Sardinia with Viktor Amadeus of Savoy for Sicily and thus restore the personal union.

	Surname	Reign	relationship	Remarks
The Habsburgs
	Charles VI	1713-1735		Roman Emperor from 1720 King of Sicily (Trinacria)

During the Polish War of Succession Sicily was conquered again by Spain. In the peace treaty of Vienna in 1735, Habsburg ceded both Naples and Sicily to the Spanish royal family. Both kingdoms were left to a prince of the house, thus preserving the personal union of "the two Sicilies".

	Surname	Reign	relationship	Remarks
House of Bourbon
	Charles VII	1735-1759	Son of King Philip V of Spain	King of Sicily (Trinacria). Charles became king of Spain in 1759. He gave the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily to his younger son.
	Ferdinand IV.	1759-1806	Son of the predecessor	King of Sicily (Trinacria). His rule in Naples was interrupted in 1799 by the Parthenopean Republic .

The Bourbons lost Naples to the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte during the Napoleonic Wars in 1806 . He put his family members there as kings. The Bourbons were able to maintain their rule in Sicily (Trinacria), which ended the personal union of "the two Sicilies" again.

	Surname	Reign	relationship	Remarks
House Bonaparte
	Joseph Bonaparte	1806-1808	Brother of Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte	Was installed as king by his brother, first in Naples and then in Spain in 1808.
	Joachim Murat	1808-1815	Brother-in-law of Joseph and Napoleon	Was used by his brother-in-law in Naples. Overthrown in 1815.

After the end of Napoleon Bonaparte, the Bourbone Ferdinand was restored to the throne in Naples. The personal union of the "two Sicilies" was restored.

	Surname	Reign	relationship	Remarks
House of Bourbon
	Ferdinand IV.	1815-1816		King of Sicily (Trinacria).

The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies

By decree, King Ferdinand abolished the personal union between Sicily and Naples (Regno di Sicilia ulteriore) in 1816 and united both kingdoms in a real union. The newly created state was called the “ Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ”, and Ferdinand remained head of state.

	Surname	Reign	relationship
House of Bourbon
	Ferdinand I.	1816-1825
	Franz I.	1825-1830	Son of the predecessor
	Ferdinand II.	1830-1859	Son of the predecessor
	Francis II	1859-1860	Son of the predecessor

Dictator of Sicily

	Surname	Reign	relationship	Remarks
	Giuseppe Garibaldi	1860-1861		In the course of the " Risorgimento " Giuseppe Garibaldi conquered Sicily in 1860 and then invaded Naples. The last Bourbon king fled into exile, whereupon Garibaldi ruled the state dictatorially until 1861. Then the country was united with the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont and finally merged with this in the newly founded Kingdom of Italy .

Web links

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