List of mills on the Volkach

The mills on the Volkach between Lindelach and Gerolzhofen in 1590

The list of mills on the Volkach lists all mill buildings on the Volkach tributary of the Main in the Lower Franconia administrative region in Bavaria . The Volkach flows through the present-day districts of Schweinfurt and Kitzingen in a roughly west-south-west direction . At times there were over 20 mills by the stream.

Historical background

A hand-operated grinder from the Neolithic Age , which was found near the Klesenmühle in Gerolzhofen an der Volkach, is the first reference to mills in the region. Initially, these rotary mills were not yet powered by water power. It was not until the 7th or 8th century that the immigrating Franconian tribes brought the water mill to the region on the Main. With the establishment of the Würzburg Monastery in 742, the watermills also established themselves along the smaller rivers.

The first mill to appear in the springs in 1225 was the Stettenmühle as "(...) molendium sub castro" (lat. Mill under the castle [Stettenburg]). In the second half of the 13th century, the two most important settlements along the stream, Gerolzhofen and Volkach , rose to become cities. To ensure their food supply, more mills were built near the two places. At that time flour mills were primarily set up . Frequent disputes over water use testify to their competition.

Due to the population growth in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, new mills established themselves on the Volkach. However, you will no longer confined only to the grinding grain, but also built sawing , plaster - and Bark Mill . In the course of urbanization , the first mills disappeared. This development continued on the Volkachbach in the second half of the 20th century. Today there are only two mills on the brook.

Mill list

The order in the list is based on the location of the mills and follows the course of the stream from the source of the Volkach in the Steigerwald to the mouth of the stream in the Main near Volkach. Headings highlighted in blue name the markings on which the mills were or are still standing. The brief description of each mill is mentioned if it is still a separate part of a municipality today.

Most of the mills are located in the Gerolzhofen district, which was at times the largest settlement on the Volkach. However, two of these mills were originally located in the Lindelach district immediately east of the city, which was devastated in the Thirty Years War. In Volkach, a total of six mills lined the Volkachbach, three of them in the Obervolkach district . A similarly dense series of mills was only found in Dingolshausen .

Surname	Type	State of preservation	description	location	image
Michelau in the Steigerwald
Haudersmühle	Grain and Cutting Mill	largely preserved	The mill is the first in the course of the Volkach. It was mentioned as early as the 14th century. In the 19th century, the Finster family took over the Haudersmühle, but had to shut it down in 1956. Today the mill is an independent district of Michelau in the Steigerwald .	49 ° 54 '30.4 "  N , 10 ° 25' 19.8"  E
Dingolshausen
Volkachsmühle	Grain and Cutting Mill	largely preserved, renewed	The millers of the Volkachsmühle came from the Sendner family in the 18th century, after which there were other owners until Sendner was back at the mill in the middle of the 19th century. After the mill was shut down in 1951, the buildings are used as residential buildings. Today the mill is an independent district of Dingolshausen .	49 ° 54 ′ 31.2 "  N , 10 ° 24 ′ 16.7"  E
Middle mill	Grain and plaster mill	largely preserved, renewed	The mill was first mentioned in the 19th century. For a long time the Mittelmühle remained in the hands of the Sendner family, who also ground plaster here. In 1955, the grinding mill had to be shut down due to a lack of profitability, and in 1960 also the shot mill . Today the mill is an independent district of Dingolshausen .	49 ° 54 '29.8 "  N , 10 ° 23' 59.1"  E
Dorfmühle (Dingolshausen)	Flour mill	partially preserved, renewed	The village mill becomes tangible for the first time in 1778. Georg Johann Schramm from Schlüsselfeld rebuilt the old mill house. Since the year 1765, the millers have been completely proven. As in the other Dingolshaus mills, the village mill remained in the hands of the Sendner family. The mill had a grinding pass and a shot pass and received a roller mill in 1929. Until 1947 they had a employed miller journeyman. In 1956 the mill was stopped.	49 ° 54 '22.1 "  N , 10 ° 23' 42.9"  E
Gerolzhofen
Salmon mill	Flour mill	largely preserved, renewed	A mill in the area of ​​the former village of Lindelach was first mentioned in 1305. In the 16th century, the Würzburg monastery held the fiefdom of the lindelachsmühle. Lindelach was devastated in 1631 and no longer rebuilt, only the two mills have survived. Today the mill is an independent district of Gerolzhofen under the name Lindelachshof .	49 ° 53 '53.7 "  N , 10 ° 22' 3.4"  E
Klesenmühle	Flour mill	largely preserved	A mill in the area of ​​the former village of Lindelach was first mentioned in 1305. After the destruction of the village of Lindelach in 1631, only the two mills remained. Today the mill is an independent district of Gerolzhofen .	49 ° 53 '56.7 "  N , 10 ° 21' 51"  E
Stone mill	Flour mill	largely preserved	The mill was in one of the two suburbs of the city of Gerolzhofen . It was first depicted in 1590 as "Stein Mühl, nunc dero Wollframbs Erbn". On June 27, 1664, the city council named Gerolzhofen’s four mills, including the stone mill. In 1800 the mill was still in operation.	49 ° 53 '58.4 "  N , 10 ° 21' 10.8"  E	more pictures
Lohmühle (Gerolzhofen)	Wage Mill	completely gone	The mill was located on what is now Frankenwinheimer Strasse and was torn down and razed to the ground in 1790 for violations of the law. Today the street Lohmühlenweg in Gerolzhofen reminds of the mill.	49 ° 53 '56.6 "  N , 10 ° 20' 14.2"  E
Bell mill	Flour mill	completely gone	The mill was first mentioned in 1590 as "Schellen Mühl, nunc benander Stats" and was part of the city wall of Gerolzhofen near the Frankenwinheimer Tor. As a town mill, it was maintained by the councilors. It was probably abandoned in the 20th century.	49 ° 54 '6.9 "  N , 10 ° 20' 41.7"  E	more pictures
Vogtsmühle	Flour mill	fully disposed through Erlöserkirche replaced	The mill was shown for the first time in 1590. At that time it was called "Weickardts Mühl". In 1606 Vogt Jobst Krämer came into possession of the facility, which was then called "Vogtsmühle". In 1881 the Stumpf family bought the mill before it came to Kilian Kraus in 1948. In 1968 the mill was shut down and in 1976 the mill building was also torn down. Dreimühlenstraße in Gerolzhofen is reminiscent of the mill.	49 ° 54 '11.2 "  N , 10 ° 20' 41.1"  E	more pictures
Erlesmühle	Flour mill	completely gone	The mill was first depicted in 1590 as " Mittel-Mühl , nunc belonging to the Schwabigtn Erbn". For a while it was also called Werners-Leopoldsmühle . It was also called the Welschen Mühle at times . Dreimühlenstraße in Gerolzhofen is reminiscent of the mills that lined up next to it.	49 ° 54 '13.3 "  N , 10 ° 20' 38.4"  E	more pictures
Wasenmühle	not clear	probably completely gone	The mill is probably much younger than the other Gerolzhöfer mills. Mill operations were given up in the 19th century and the mill building was demolished in the 1970s. Today there is a house on the site of the mill. The Dreimühlenstraße in Gerolzhofen is reminiscent of Mühle.	49 ° 54 '15.5 "  N , 10 ° 20' 35.7"  E	more pictures
Frankenwinheim-Brünnstadt
Brünnstadt mill	not clear	not clear	not clear	49 ° 54 ′ 30 ″  N , 10 ° 18 ′ 6 ″  E
Kolitzheim-Zeilitzheim
Dorfmühle (Zeilitzheim)	Flour mill	largely preserved	The mill was also called the Hofmühle and was first mentioned between 1578 and 1595 in the Protestant church book of Zeilitzheim . The miller, Hans Schneider, paid a certain amount every year to the Protestant church, as he only received the mill as a fief. A total of 21 Hofmüller are recorded, who also provided the village mayor at times. In 1947 the Mühlbach, which branched off from the Volkach, was leveled, ten years later, in 1957, the mill was shut down. The preserved property is used as a residential building.	49 ° 53 '57.7 "  N , 10 ° 16'13.6"  E
Lohmühle (Zeilitzheim)	Wage Mill	largely preserved, renewed	In 1776 the tanner Andreas Krönlein from Zeilitzheim built the mill. After it had been the fief of the Counts of Schönborn for decades, Friedrich Krönlein was able to acquire it in the 19th century. The mill was shut down in the first half of the 20th century. Today it is an independent district of Kolitzheim .	49 ° 53 '28.7 "  N , 10 ° 15' 50.5"  E	more pictures
Volkach-Obervolkach
Stettenmühle	Flour mill	largely preserved, renewed	The Stettenmühle was first mentioned in 1225. At first it was in the hands of the Counts of Castell and was inhabited throughout the Middle Ages. In the 19th century private individuals received the mill. It was shut down in 1967. Today the mill is an independent district of Volkach .	49 ° 52 '48.2 "  N , 10 ° 15' 2.3"  E	more pictures
Fuchsenmühle	Flour mill	Outbuildings preserved	The so-called Fuchsenmühle probably got its name from the surname of its owner. It is from Zeilitzheim at the entrance to Obervolkach . Today a modern residential building rises here. A Mr. Bausenwein is proven as the last miller in the 1950s. Only the Mühlbach and a small half-timbered building have survived today.	49 ° 52 '33.6 "  N , 10 ° 15' 28.9"  E	more pictures
Gründleinsmühle	Flour mill	in operation, renewed	The mill was first mentioned in the 16th century. It was the reason for frequent disputes between the Obervolkach millers, as the damming of the Volkach caused floods. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Englert family acquired the mill and began modernizing the business. After the end of the Second World War , the product range was expanded and from then on, animal feed was also produced. Today bakery products are also produced in addition to animal feed.	49 ° 52 '20.4 "  N , 10 ° 15' 15.1"  E	more pictures
Volkach
Herrenmühle	Grain and Cutting Mill	largely preserved, renewed	The manor mill was built between 1588 and 1590. The Volkach city ​​council had decided to build a town mill in order to ensure the supply of the population. Initially, the townspeople did not accept the new mill, so the manor mill brought losses to the town for centuries. At the end of the 18th century it was sold and remained in private hands. Today it is used as a residential building.	49 ° 52 '4.8 "  N , 10 ° 14" 16.6 "  E	more pictures
Schaubmühle	Flour mill	in operation, renewed	The mill was first mentioned in 1375 as the Upper Mill . The millers of the Schaubmühle were initially municipal officials and had to take an oath before the mayor of the city of Volkach , only when the city passed to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1825 the mill was compulsory and the mill came into private hands. Since 1936 the mill has been owned by the Lippert family, who converted it into a commercial enterprise.	49 ° 52 '5.9 "  N , 10 ° 13' 52"  E	more pictures
Bridge mill	Flour mill	largely preserved, renewed	The mill was first mentioned in 1429, but it probably existed a century earlier than the Lower Mill near the Gaibacher Tor in Volkach . After the mill was operated by various tenants, Robert Klüpfel took over the bridge mill in 1910 and extensively renovated the facility after 1930. The mill was abandoned in the 1960s and has been used as a residential building ever since.	49 ° 52 '3.1 "  N , 10 ° 13' 29.7"  E	more pictures

literature

• Mario Dorsch: Disappeared Medieval Settlements. Desertification between Steigerwald, Main and the Volkach . Haßfurt 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-043243-9 .
• Matthias Endriß: Characterized by the double church tower - Gerolzhöfer city views. In: Gerolzhofen. City Chronicle 779–2012. Baunach 2012, ISBN 978-3-88778-368-6 , pp. 165-176.
• Ute Feuerbach: Water use in ancient times: the grain mills in Volkach. In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1993-2007 . Volkach 2008, DNB 989759016 , pp. 329–338.
• Franz Anton Jäger: Topographical news from the city of Gerolzhofen. A contribution to the pragmatic history of the Diocese of Würzburg. First impression after 1800 (= de geroldeshova. Volume 3). Gerolzhofen 1994, OCLC 76114394 .
• Hans Koppel: Lindelach. Findings, fruits and more. (= de geroldeshova. Volume 10). Gerolzhofen 2004, OCLC 162256935 .
• Erich Meidel: economic history. In: 1200 years of Gerolzhofen. Contributions to culture and history. Festschrift for the anniversary year 1979. DNB 800722973 , pp. 145–156.
• Herbert Meyer: The Volkachbach - from the source to the mouth. In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008, DNB 989758990 , pp. 340–342.
• Alexander Sendner: History about the miller's craft. In: Working group for history and culture (ed.): Village history Dingolshausen . Dingolshausen 2000, OCLC 163224061 , pp. 145-153.
• Erika Stadler: On the trail of Volkach's town mills. In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008, DNB 989758990 , pp. 279-291.

Web links

Commons : List of the mills at the Volkach  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Hans Koppel: Lindelach. 2004, p. 44.
2. ^ Ute Feuerbach: Water use in ancient times. 2008, p. 331.
3. ↑ Main Post: Tribes and Grain. Part 1: The Haudersmühle near Michelau , accessed on November 24, 2016.
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Alexander Sendner: Historical facts about the miller's craft. 2000, pp. 145-153.
5. ^ ^{A b} Hans Koppel: Lindelach . 2004.
6. ↑ ^{a b c d} Matthias Endriß: Characterized by the double church tower. 2012, p. 167.
7. ^ Franz Anton Jäger: de geroldeshova. 1994, p. 204.
8. ↑ ^{a b c} Main-Post: Living with a stream in the house , accessed on December 3, 2016.
9. ↑ ^{a b c d} Herbert Meyer: The Volkachbach. 2008, pp. 340-342.
10. ↑ Barockschloss.de: Zeilitzheim-village tour , accessed on 25 November 2016th
11. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Erika Stadler: On the trail of the Volkach town mills. 2008, pp. 279-291.

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